Dear R-Help,
I have been trying to rewrite the base biplot.prcomp function but am coming
across some errors I don't understand. It seems like R is still 'expecting' the
same values despite me rewriting and renaming the methods. My aim is simply to
have an additional biplot function which could use a vector of colours, where
each position of the vector gives the colour for a variable name and its arrow.
Another issue I have with the default function is that when I save a very large
image (to get good seperation and readability when looking at hundreds of
variables) the names are very displaced from the arrows, but I haven't even
started looking into that yet...
I ran the code on my actual data and got the error:
> colouredBiplot(prc, yCol=rep("#FFFF00", 962))
Error in if (yCol == NULL) { : argument is of length zero
> traceback()
2: colouredBiplot.internal(t(t(scores[, choices])/lam), t(t(x$rotation[,
choices]) * lam), yCol, ...) at colouredBiplot.R#103
1: colouredBiplot(prc, yCol = rep("#FFFF00", 962))
However when I tried creating a small example I got a different error:
> options(stringsAsFactors=F)
> source("C:/Work/InGenious/InGen/colouredBiplot.R")
>
> random <- matrix(rexp(200, rate=.1), ncol=20)
> prc <- prcomp(random, center=T, scale=T)
> colouredBiplot(random, rep("#FFFF00", 20))
Error in colouredBiplot(random, rep("#FFFF00", 20)) :
length of choices must be 2
> sessionInfo()
R version 3.0.2 (2013-09-25)
Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)
locale:
[1] LC_COLLATE=English_United Kingdom.1252
[2] LC_CTYPE=English_United Kingdom.1252
[3] LC_MONETARY=English_United Kingdom.1252
[4] LC_NUMERIC=C
[5] LC_TIME=English_United Kingdom.1252
attached base packages:
[1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base
and then immediately after the above I thought to try a traceback() and got
another different error again, which I don't even understand how is possible:
> colouredBiplot(random, yCol=rep("#FFFF00", 20))
Error in x$x : $ operator is invalid for atomic vectors
> traceback()
1: colouredBiplot(random, yCol = rep("#FFFF00", 20))
The only things I have changed are to pass in a vector "yCol" and use it inside
the else blocks of some conditionals testing 'if(yCol==NULL)':
colouredBiplot.internal <- function (x, y, var.axes = TRUE, col, cex =
rep(par("cex"), 2),
xlabs = NULL, ylabs = NULL, expand = 1, xlim = NULL, ylim = NULL,
arrow.len = 0.1, main = NULL, sub = NULL, xlab = NULL, ylab = NULL,
yCol=NULL,
...)
{
n <- nrow(x)
p <- nrow(y)
if (missing(xlabs)) {
xlabs <- dimnames(x)[[1L]]
if (is.null(xlabs))
xlabs <- 1L:n
}
xlabs <- as.character(xlabs)
dimnames(x) <- list(xlabs, dimnames(x)[[2L]])
if (missing(ylabs)) {
ylabs <- dimnames(y)[[1L]]
if (is.null(ylabs))
ylabs <- paste("Var", 1L:p)
}
ylabs <- as.character(ylabs)
dimnames(y) <- list(ylabs, dimnames(y)[[2L]])
if (length(cex) == 1L)
cex <- c(cex, cex)
if (missing(col)) {
col <- par("col")
if (!is.numeric(col))
col <- match(col, palette(), nomatch = 1L)
col <- c(col, col + 1L)
}
else if (length(col) == 1L)
col <- c(col, col)
unsigned.range <- function(x) c(-abs(min(x, na.rm = TRUE)),
abs(max(x, na.rm = TRUE)))
rangx1 <- unsigned.range(x[, 1L])
rangx2 <- unsigned.range(x[, 2L])
rangy1 <- unsigned.range(y[, 1L])
rangy2 <- unsigned.range(y[, 2L])
if (missing(xlim) && missing(ylim))
xlim <- ylim <- rangx1 <- rangx2 <- range(rangx1, rangx2)
else if (missing(xlim))
xlim <- rangx1
else if (missing(ylim))
ylim <- rangx2
ratio <- max(rangy1/rangx1, rangy2/rangx2)/expand
on.exit(par(op))
op <- par(pty = "s")
if (!is.null(main))
op <- c(op, par(mar = par("mar") + c(0, 0, 1, 0)))
plot(x, type = "n", xlim = xlim, ylim = ylim, col = col[1L],
xlab = xlab, ylab = ylab, sub = sub, main = main, ...)
text(x, xlabs, cex = cex[1L], col = col[1L], ...)
par(new = TRUE)
dev.hold()
on.exit(dev.flush(), add = TRUE)
if(yCol==NULL){
plot(y, axes = FALSE, type = "n", xlim = xlim * ratio, ylim = ylim *
ratio, xlab = "", ylab = "", col = col[1L], ...)
}
else{
plot(y, axes = FALSE, type = "n", xlim = xlim * ratio, ylim = ylim *
ratio, xlab = "", ylab = "", col = yCol, ...)
}
axis(3, col = col[2L], ...)
axis(4, col = col[2L], ...)
box(col = col[1L])
if(yCol==NULL){
text(y, labels = ylabs, cex = cex[2L], col = col[2L], ...)
} else{
text(y, labels = ylabs, cex = cex[2L], col = yCol, ...)
}
if (var.axes){
if(yCol==NULL){
arrows(0, 0, y[, 1L] * 0.8, y[, 2L] * 0.8, col = col[2L],
length = arrow.len)
}else{
arrows(0, 0, y[, 1L] * 0.8, y[, 2L] * 0.8, col = yCol,
length = arrow.len) }
}
invisible()
}
colouredBiplot <- function (x, choices = 1L:2L, scale = 1, pc.biplot = FALSE,
yCol=NULL, ...)
{
if (length(choices) != 2L)
stop("length of choices must be 2")
if (!length(scores <- x$x))
stop(gettextf("object '%s' has no scores", deparse(substitute(x))),
domain = NA)
if (is.complex(scores))
stop("biplots are not defined for complex PCA")
lam <- x$sdev[choices]
n <- NROW(scores)
lam <- lam * sqrt(n)
if (scale < 0 || scale > 1)
warning("'scale' is outside [0, 1]")
if (scale != 0)
lam <- lam^scale
else lam <- 1
if (pc.biplot)
lam <- lam/sqrt(n)
colouredBiplot.internal(t(t(scores[, choices])/lam), t(t(x$rotation[,
choices]) * lam), yCol, ...)
invisible()
}
I have looked into a few alternatives but most either don't allow that type of
different colouring, or else aren't compatable with my various versions of R.
Help me R-Help, you're my only hope,
Scott
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