On Jan 12, 2013, at 23:33 , Rolf Turner wrote:
>
> We don't do people's homework for them.
>
> But since you seem to have put in at least a little bit of your
> own effort ..... It is perfectly possible for there to be an interaction
> without there being main effects.
>
> Consider two factors A and B each with two levels. Let mu_11 be
> the population mean when A is at level 1 and B is at level 1, and so
> on.
>
> Suppose mu_11 = 1, mu_12 = -1, mu_21 = -1, and mu_22 = 1.
>
> Then there are no main effects; A averages to 0, as does B.
>
> But there is an elephant-ful of interaction.
Also note that coefficients for main effects in the present of interactions
have a different interpretation, depending on the coding of contrasts. In the
summary table you cite, the value 7.101 is actually the effect of Sex within
TestNumber1 and the interaction terms are the differences between that effect
and those of Sex within the other two groups. Only if the latter terms are set
to zero, the coefficient for Sex becomes the Sex effect for all groups. (All
assuming that you haven't been messing with options("contrasts"))
Best,
Peter D.
>
> cheers,
>
> Rolf Turner
>
> cheers,
>
> Rolf Turner
>
> On 01/13/2013 10:56 AM, theundergrad wrote:
>> Hi,
>>
>> I am trying to interpret the coefficients in the model: RateOfMotorPlay ~
>> TestNumber + Sex + TestNumber * Sex where there are thee different tests and
>> Sex is (obviously) binary. My results are: Residuals:
>> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
>> -86.90 -26.28 -7.68 22.52 123.74
>>
>> Coefficients:
>> Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
>> (Intercept) 29.430 6.248 4.710 4.80e-06 ***
>> TestNumber2 56.231 8.837 6.364 1.47e-09 ***
>> TestNumber3 75.972 10.061 7.551 1.82e-12 ***
>> SexM 7.101 9.845 0.721 0.472
>> TestNumber2:SexM -16.483 13.854 -1.190 0.236
>> TestNumber3:SexM -24.571 15.343 -1.601 0.111
>> ---
>> Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
>>
>> Residual standard error: 40.97 on 188 degrees of freedom
>> Multiple R-squared: 0.3288, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3109
>> F-statistic: 18.42 on 5 and 188 DF, p-value: 7.231e-15
>>
>> I am looking for one number that will represent the significance of the
>> interaction term. I was thinking of doing an F test comparing this model to
>> one without the interaction. When I do this, I get a highly significant
>> result. I am not exactly sure how to interpret this. In particular, it seems
>> strange to me to have a significant interaction term without both
>> independent variables being significant. Any advice would be highly
>> appreciated.
>
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--
Peter Dalgaard, Professor,
Center for Statistics, Copenhagen Business School
Solbjerg Plads 3, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
Phone: (+45)38153501
Email: pd....@cbs.dk Priv: pda...@gmail.com
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