80 bit registers (I don't have my original docs with me here in Victoria)
seem to have been part of the 1985 standard to which I was one of the 31 named
contributors. See
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/612507/what-are-the-applications-benefits-of-an-80-bit-extended-precision-data-type
or the Wikipedia item on IEEE 754.
It appears to have been omitted from 2008 and 2020 versions, but is still (I
believe) part of
many processors. It's an internal precision for handling multiplications and
accumulation,
and not one of the storage modes.
Most of the time this makes very little difference in results for R, since it
is only some
operations where the extended precision gets activated. If we store quantities,
we get the
regular precision. Thus very few situations using the M? chips give
differences, but when
they do, it is a nuisance.
There is plenty of scope for debating the pros and cons of extended precision
internally.
Not having it likely contributes to speed / bang for the buck of the M? chips.
But we do
now have occasional differences in outcomes which will lead to confusion and
extra work.
JN
On 2024-02-04 15:26, Duncan Murdoch wrote:
Hi John.
I don't think the 80 bit format was part of IEEE 754; I think it was an Intel invention for the 8087 chip (which I
believe preceded that standard), and didn't make it into the standard.
The standard does talk about 64 bit and 128 bit floating point formats, but not
80 bit.
Duncan Murdoch
On 04/02/2024 4:47 p.m., J C Nash wrote:
Slightly tangential: I had some woes with some vignettes in my
optimx and nlsr packages (actually in examples comparing to OTHER
packages) because the M? processors don't have 80 bit registers of
the old IEEE 754 arithmetic, so some existing "tolerances" are too
small when looking to see if is small enough to "converge", and one
gets "did not converge" type errors. There are workarounds,
but the discussion is beyond this post. However, worth awareness that
the code may be mostly correct except for appropriate tests of
smallness for these processors.
JN
On 2024-02-04 11:51, Dirk Eddelbuettel wrote:
On 4 February 2024 at 20:41, Holger Hoefling wrote:
| I wanted to ask if people have good advice on how to debug M1Mac package
| check errors when you don´t have a Mac? Is a cloud machine the best option
| or is there something else?
a) Use the 'mac builder' CRAN offers:
https://mac.r-project.org/macbuilder/submit.html
b) Use the newly added M1 runners at GitHub Actions,
https://github.blog/changelog/2024-01-30-github-actions-introducing-the-new-m1-macos-runner-available-to-open-source/
Option a) is pretty good as the machine is set up for CRAN and builds
fast. Option b) gives you more control should you need it.
Dirk
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