On Tue, Sep 2, 2025 at 10:49 AM Jan Lübbe <[email protected]> wrote:
> On Tue, 2025-09-02 at 18:39 +0200, Jan Kiszka wrote:
> > > > I expect us to be safe and able to deal with non-pow2 regions if we
> use
> > > > QEMUSGList from the "system/dma.h" API. But this is a rework nobody
> had
> > > > time to do so far.
> > >
> > > We have to tell two things apart: partitions sizes on the one side and
> > > backing storage sizes. The partitions sizes are (to my reading) clearly
> > > defined in the spec, and the user partition (alone!) has to be power of
> > > 2. The boot and RPMB partitions are multiples of 128K. The sum of them
> > > all is nowhere limited to power of 2 or even only multiples of 128K.
> > >
> >
> > Re-reading the part of the device capacity, the rules are more complex:
> > - power of two up to 2 GB
> > - multiple of 512 bytes beyond that
> >
> > So that power-of-two enforcement was and still is likely too strict.
>
It is. Version 0 (and MMC) cards had the capacity encoded like so:
m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 62, 12);
e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 47, 3);
csd->capacity = ((1 + m) << (e + 2)) * csd->read_bl_len;
so any card less than 2GB (well, technically 4GB, but 4GB version 0 cards
were
rare and broke some stacks... I have one and I love it on my embedded ARM
board
that can't do version 1 cards). Version 1 cards encoded it like:
csd->capacity = ((uint64_t)mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 48,
22) +
1) * 512 * 1024;
So it's a multiple of 512k. These are also called 'high capacity' cards.
Version 4 introduces an extended CSD, which had a pure sector count in the
EXT CSD. I think this
is only for MMC cards. And also the partition information.
> > But I still see no indication, neither in the existing eMMC code of QEMU
> > nor the spec, that the boot and RPMB partition sizes are included in
> that.
>
> Correct. Non-power-of-two sizes are very common for real eMMCs. Taking a
> random
> one from our lab:
> [ 1.220588] mmcblk1: mmc1:0001 S0J56X 14.8 GiB
> [ 1.228055] mmcblk1: p1 p2 p3 p4
> [ 1.230375] mmcblk1boot0: mmc1:0001 S0J56X 31.5 MiB
> [ 1.233651] mmcblk1boot1: mmc1:0001 S0J56X 31.5 MiB
> [ 1.236682] mmcblk1rpmb: mmc1:0001 S0J56X 4.00 MiB, chardev (244:0)
>
> For eMMCs using MLC NAND, you can also configure part of the user data
> area to
> be pSLC (pseudo single level cell), which changes the available capacity
> (after
> a required power cycle).
>
Yes. Extended partitions are a feature of version 4 cards, so don't have
power-of-2 limits since they are a pure sector count in the ext_csd.
Warner
