Thanks for the detailed post. Sounds like a feature request/bug report. I
would file an issue on GitHub, this should be easily solved.

https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/issues

On Wed, Jun 26, 2024 at 12:19 AM Chris Siebenmann <
[email protected]> wrote:

> To make a long story short, we've been having mysterious probe failures
> with one of our Blackbox DNS probes against (only) some DNS servers that
> turned out to be because Blackbox UDP DNS probes have a 512-byte limit
> on the size of the reply, because Blackbox doesn't currently set EDNS
> options to increase the allowed reply size and doesn't fall back to a
> TCP query if the UDP query fails because of truncation. We think this
> was partially due to these DNS servers using DNS cookies, which
> increases the reply size.
>
> (Our DNS probe checks not just for a successful reply but that the query
> resolved to at least one A record, so some of the time the reply could
> be long enough that the truncated version didn't include any of the A
> records.)
>
> Right now the only way to know for sure that your DNS query failed
> because of truncation is to examine Blackbox probe logs, usually through
> its web interface (but you can manually query with '..&debug=true'), and
> notice that one of the log messages reports something like 'flags: qr tc
> rd ra;' (the 'tc' is the important bit). If you are sure you know how
> many resource records should in the various sections of the DNS replies,
> you can check if the probe got the right number of RRs using the
> probe_dns_*_rrs metrics.
>
> For DNS servers that accept TCP connections, you can work around this by
> switching your Blackbox DNS module to using TCP instead of the (default)
> UDP.
>
> (I suspect that most people will never run into this, but for our sins
> we check some external DNS names that have long CNAME chains and other
> fun things.)
>
>         - cks
>
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