--- a/src/backend/access/transam/xact.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/transam/xact.c
@@ -3729,6 +3729,7 @@
 					(errcode(ERRCODE_NO_ACTIVE_SQL_TRANSACTION),
 					 errmsg("there is no transaction in progress")));
 			s->blockState = TBLOCK_END;
+			chain = false;		/* Do not chain the implicit transaction */
 			result = true;
 			break;
 
@@ -3798,6 +3799,7 @@
 			ereport(WARNING,
 					(errcode(ERRCODE_NO_ACTIVE_SQL_TRANSACTION),
 					 errmsg("there is no transaction in progress")));
+			chain = false;		/* Do not chain the implicit transaction */
 			result = true;
 			break;
 
@@ -3915,6 +3917,7 @@
 					(errcode(ERRCODE_NO_ACTIVE_SQL_TRANSACTION),
 					 errmsg("there is no transaction in progress")));
 			s->blockState = TBLOCK_ABORT_PENDING;
+			chain = false;		/* Do not chain the implicit transaction */
 			break;
 
 			/*
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/transactions.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/transactions.out
@@ -839,6 +839,36 @@
 (1 row)
 
 ROLLBACK;
+-- transaction cannot be chained outside a transaction block
+COMMIT AND CHAIN;  -- TBLOCK_STARTED
+WARNING:  there is no transaction in progress
+COMMIT;  -- TBLOCK_STARTED
+WARNING:  there is no transaction in progress
+ROLLBACK AND CHAIN;  -- TBLOCK_ABORT_PENDING
+WARNING:  there is no transaction in progress
+ROLLBACK;  -- TBLOCK_ABORT_PENDING
+WARNING:  there is no transaction in progress
+-- implicit transaction cannot be chained as well
+SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE\; COMMIT AND CHAIN;  -- TBLOCK_END
+WARNING:  there is no transaction in progress
+SHOW transaction_read_only;
+ transaction_read_only 
+-----------------------
+ on
+(1 row)
+
+COMMIT;
+WARNING:  there is no transaction in progress
+SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE\; ROLLBACK AND CHAIN;  -- TBLOCK_ABORT_PENDING
+WARNING:  there is no transaction in progress
+SHOW transaction_read_only;
+ transaction_read_only 
+-----------------------
+ on
+(1 row)
+
+ROLLBACK;
+WARNING:  there is no transaction in progress
 SELECT * FROM abc ORDER BY 1;
  a 
 ---
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/transactions.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/transactions.sql
@@ -475,6 +475,22 @@
 SHOW transaction_deferrable;
 ROLLBACK;
 
+-- transaction cannot be chained outside a transaction block
+COMMIT AND CHAIN;  -- TBLOCK_STARTED
+COMMIT;  -- TBLOCK_STARTED
+
+ROLLBACK AND CHAIN;  -- TBLOCK_ABORT_PENDING
+ROLLBACK;  -- TBLOCK_ABORT_PENDING
+
+-- implicit transaction cannot be chained as well
+SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE\; COMMIT AND CHAIN;  -- TBLOCK_END
+SHOW transaction_read_only;
+COMMIT;
+
+SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE\; ROLLBACK AND CHAIN;  -- TBLOCK_ABORT_PENDING
+SHOW transaction_read_only;
+ROLLBACK;
+
 SELECT * FROM abc ORDER BY 1;
 
 RESET default_transaction_read_only;