Fix expression list handling in ATExecAttachPartition()

This commit addresses two issues related to the manipulation of the
partition constraint expression list in ATExecAttachPartition().

First, the current use of list_concat() to combine the partition's
constraint (retrieved via get_qual_from_partbound()) with the parent
table’s partition constraint can lead to memory safety issues. After
calling list_concat(), the original constraint (partBoundConstraint)
might no longer be safe to access, as list_concat() may free or modify
it.

Second, there's a logical error in constructing the constraint for
validating against the default partition. The current approach
incorrectly includes a negated version of the parent table's partition
constraint, which is redundant, as it always evaluates to false for
rows in the default partition.

To resolve these issues, list_concat() is replaced with
list_concat_copy(), ensuring that partBoundConstraint remains unchanged
and can be safely reused when constructing the validation constraint
for the default partition.

This fix is not applied to back-branches, as there is no live bug and
the issue has not caused any reported problems in practice.

Nitin Jadhav posted a patch to address the memory safety issue, but I
decided to follow Alvaro Herrera's suggestion from the initial
discussion, as it allows us to fix both the memory safety and logical
issues.

Reported-by: Andres Freund <[email protected]>
Reported-by: Nitin Jadhav <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Junwang Zhao <[email protected]>
Discussion: 
https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]
Discussion: 
https://postgr.es/m/CAMm1aWbmYHM3bqtjyMQ-a+4Ub=dgsb_2E3_up2cn=ugdhnr...@mail.gmail.com

Branch
------
master

Details
-------
https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/babb3993dbe9c805c1d29fa275a5e8f4c2b40922

Modified Files
--------------
src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 10 ++++++++--
1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

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