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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/OAK-9956?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=17927371#comment-17927371
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Konrad Windszus commented on OAK-9956:
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As Oak internally relies on qualified name form and only knows a global 
namespace registry (in {{/jcr:system/rep:namespaces}}) even on Oak level we 
would need to create an auto-generated prefix mapping as soon as an unknown URI 
is being used as namespace. Those cannot be temporary as otherwise future 
lookups may be broken.
There are some open questions  related to that:

# When to persist changes in the global namespace (during 
Node.addNode(...)/addProperty(...)) or afterwards during Session.save())?
# How to deal with conflicts (i.e. two prefixes generated for the same URI due 
to concurrency, potentially only happens if registration is deferred)?
# How to potentially revert implicitly registered mappings when the session is 
not persisted and/or all items leveraging that prefix have been removed (some 
GC task)?

> javax.jcr.Node.addNode(...) throws javax.jcr.PathNotFoundException for any 
> unmapped namespaces in expanded path notation
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: OAK-9956
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/OAK-9956
>             Project: Jackrabbit Oak
>          Issue Type: Bug
>    Affects Versions: 1.44.0
>            Reporter: Konrad Windszus
>            Assignee: Julian Reschke
>            Priority: Major
>              Labels: namespace
>         Attachments: OAK-9956.diff
>
>
> In case {{Node.addNode(...)}} is called with a path in [expanded 
> form|https://developer.adobe.com/experience-manager/reference-materials/spec/jcr/2.0/3_Repository_Model.html#3.2.5.1%20Expanded%20Form]
>  containing a namespace URI which is not mapped a 
> {{javax.jcr.PathNotFoundException}} is thrown. This is unexpected as the JCR 
> 2.0 spec allows unmapped namespaces according to 
> https://developer.adobe.com/experience-manager/reference-materials/spec/jcr/2.0/3_Repository_Model.html#3.5.2%20Session-Local%20Mappings
>  and 
> https://developer.adobe.com/experience-manager/reference-materials/spec/jcr/2.0/3_Repository_Model.html#3.4.3.4%20Parsing%20Lexical%20Paths
> {quote}When parsing a lexical path, the parser must distinguish between name 
> segments that are in expanded form and those that are in qualified form (see 
> §3.2.5 Lexical Form of JCR Names). When making this determination, the 
> repository cannot assume that every namespace URI encountered in an expanded 
> name will be registered within the repository.
> An otherwise valid path containing an expanded name with an unregistered 
> namespace URI will always resolve into a valid internal representation of a 
> path (i.e., an ordered list of path segments, see §3.4 Paths). Any errors 
> that arise from passing such a path must therefore be as a result of further 
> processing (not merely parsing) that depends on the semantics of the path and 
> the context of use.{quote}
> The same exception is thrown if there is a prefix only locally registered via 
> {{Session.setNamespacePrefix(....)}} for both cases when calling 
> {{addNode(...)}} afterwards in either qualified or expanded form.



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