Hi, Quick follow-up on this:
- first off, Arch devs have updated their kernel config so the next kernel will not have bpfilter enabled anymore, thus avoiding any issue. - having said that, I've found a neasy way to reproduce it in an Arch VM, in case you're interested : Boot the latest Arch ISO[1] which now contains a kernel 4.18.5 and do a very basic installation, pretty much just: # pacstrap /mnt base # genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab And of course install your boot loader of choice. Then boot the brand new system, log in and make sure the helper is actually started, i.e. `modprobe bpfilter` -- Now halt. You'll see in the end that systemd complains that it can't unmount /oldroot (EBUSY), aka the root fs; and that's because of the bpfilter helper, which wasn't killed because it's seen as a kernel thread due to its empty command line and therefore not signaled. Cheers, [1] https://www.archlinux.org/download/
