Authors:
  Behnam Momeni <s.b.momeni@gmail.com>
  Kamran Amini  <kamran.amini.eng@gmail.com>

  Wednesday 3 October 2012

============================================================

[1.] It seems that /usr/bin/time program reports a wrong value for MaxRSS. The report shows MaxRSS, about 4 times the 
actual allocated memory by a process and its children. MaxRSS (Maximum Resident Set Size) is assumed to be maximum 
allocated memory by a process and its children.

============================================================

[2.] Description: In a project, we needed to measure maximum amount of memory used by a process and its children. 
In all measurements, memory allocated by a process differed dramatically with the value /usr/bin/time was
showing. Even, values shown in 'top' and 'htop' tools differed a lot with that. So, we decided to write a
simple C program allocating a specified amount of memory. We used this program to allocate, for example, 100MB.
And all tools showed 100MB for the process except /usr/bin/time which showed about 400MB for MaxRSS attribute.

We did more tests and we felt there should be a relationship between what /usr/bin/time was reporting and
what we could find using 'top' and 'htop'. A simple shell helped us a lot. We ran the C program many times to
allocate different amounts of memory, from 1MB to 300MB and for each run, we saved the reported MaxRSS values
by /usr/bin/time. Below you can find a sample result after executing the shell script from 1MB to 20 MB amount
of memory. Then, we calculated Regression Line Equation for the results and the outcome was very describing.

Real allocated value (KB)    /usr/bin/time reported value (KB)
-------------------------   ----------------------------------
       1024                                5568
       2048                                9664
       3072                                13744
       4096                                17856
       5120                                21936
       6144                                26048
       7168                                30144
       8192                                34224
       9216                                38336
       10240                               42416
       11264                               46528
       12288                               50624
       13312                               54704
       14336                               58816
       15360                               62912
       16384                               66992
       17408                               71088
       18432                               75184
       19456                               79280
       20480                               83376

Regression line equation for above set is: y = 3.9994360902256x + 1470.0631578947 =~ 4(x + 367.5)

It is very interesting. For 20 processes made by the shell script, there is a portion of memory which is almost
constant and a portion which is allocated from heap memory; the result is multiplied by 4. For more accurate
results, we ran the shell from 1MB to 300MB. You can find the results in data.csv file. Also, you can use shell
script "produce_data.sh" to regenerate the dataset. For our test, 
regression line equation is:  y = 3.9999924894999x + 1463.9307915273 =~ 4(x + 365.9)
And again, it confirms our hypothesis about the reason why MaxRSS reports different values for maximum
allocated memory. You can use 'http://www.alcula.com/calculators/statistics/linear-regression/' for
regression line calculations.

For next step, we tracked down /usr/bin/time source code. It uses wait4() system call. We downloaded mainline
kernel source code 3.6. In file kernel/sys.c, at line 1764, maxrss variable is multiplied by
the (PAGE_SIZE / 1024) factor. PAGE_SIZE is 4096 in x86 architectures so (PAGE_SIZE / 1024) is 4. This is the
line of code:

       r->ru_maxrss = maxrss * (PAGE_SIZE / 1024); /* convert pages to KBs */

Comment says that this operation will convert the maxrss into KBs. But we think it has been converted to KBs
previously. It may be a missed line of code after correcting maxrss unit to KBs. We also, checked 3.5.5 version
source code which is current stable version. The line yet exists. Honestly, before tracking the source code,
we thought that regression line equation should be something like 4x + b equation. But after seeing the source
code and this line, we got sure that our regression line equation should be 4(x + b).

============================================================

[3.] Keywords: Maximum Resident Set Size, Memory usage, /usr/bin/time, kernel/sys.c, PAGE_SIZE, wait4

============================================================

[4.] Kernel Version:

We have tested /usr/bin/time outputs under 2 versions of kernel.
1- Linux version 3.0.0-26-generic (buildd@roseapple) (gcc version 4.6.1 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.1-9ubuntu3) ) #42-Ubuntu SMP Wed Sep 5 08:37:56 UTC 2012
2- Linux version 3.6 (kamran@kamran-laptop) (gcc version 4.6.1 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.1-9ubuntu3) ) #1 SMP Thu Sep 27 00:02:56 IRST 2012

============================================================
[6.]
--------------
mem_alloc.c
--------------
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
  int len = 1024 * 1024;
  if (argc > 1) {
    len = len * atol(argv[1]);
  }
  char *ptr = (char *)malloc(len * sizeof(char));
  memset(ptr, 'A', len * sizeof(char));
  return 0;
}

--------------
produce_data.sh
--------------
#!/bin/bash

echo "mem(KB), time_mem(KB)" > data.csv

for((i=1;$i<=300;i=$i+1));
do
  /usr/bin/time --verbose -o temp ./mem_alloc $i
  time_mem=`cat temp | grep Maximum | cut -f6 -d' '`
  let m=$i*1024
  echo "$m, $time_mem" >> data.csv
  echo "$m"
done

rm -f temp

============================================================
[7.1]

If some fields are empty or look unusual you may have an old version.
Compare to the current minimal requirements in Documentation/Changes.
 
Linux kamran-laptop 3.0.0-26-generic #42-Ubuntu SMP Wed Sep 5 08:37:56 UTC 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
 
Gnu C                  4.6.1
Gnu make               3.81
binutils               2.21.53.20110810
util-linux             2.19.1
mount                  support
module-init-tools      3.16
e2fsprogs              1.41.14
pcmciautils            015
Linux C Library        2.13
Dynamic linker (ldd)   2.13
Procps                 3.2.8
Net-tools              1.60
Kbd                    1.15.2
Sh-utils               8.5
wireless-tools         30
Modules Loaded         bnep rfcomm pci_stub vboxpci vboxnetadp vboxnetflt vboxdrv parport_pc ppdev joydev dell_wmi uvcvideo sparse_keymap videodev binfmt_misc dell_laptop dcdbas nvidia btusb bluetooth b44 snd_hda_codec_idt ssb wl snd_hda_intel snd_hda_codec snd_hwdep snd_pcm psmouse r852 sm_common nand nand_ids nand_bch serio_raw r592 bch nand_ecc memstick mtd snd_seq_midi lib80211 snd_rawmidi snd_seq_midi_event snd_seq wmi snd_timer video snd_seq_device snd soundcore snd_page_alloc lp parport hid_a4tech sdhci_pci sdhci firewire_ohci firewire_core crc_itu_t usbhid hid

============================================================
[7.2]

processor	: 0
vendor_id	: GenuineIntel
cpu family	: 6
model		: 15
model name	: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU     T7500  @ 2.20GHz
stepping	: 11
cpu MHz		: 800.000
cache size	: 4096 KB
physical id	: 0
siblings	: 2
core id		: 0
cpu cores	: 2
apicid		: 0
initial apicid	: 0
fdiv_bug	: no
hlt_bug		: no
f00f_bug	: no
coma_bug	: no
fpu		: yes
fpu_exception	: yes
cpuid level	: 10
wp		: yes
flags		: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm lahf_lm ida dtherm tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority
bogomips	: 4387.86
clflush size	: 64
cache_alignment	: 64
address sizes	: 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor	: 1
vendor_id	: GenuineIntel
cpu family	: 6
model		: 15
model name	: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU     T7500  @ 2.20GHz
stepping	: 11
cpu MHz		: 800.000
cache size	: 4096 KB
physical id	: 0
siblings	: 2
core id		: 1
cpu cores	: 2
apicid		: 1
initial apicid	: 1
fdiv_bug	: no
hlt_bug		: no
f00f_bug	: no
coma_bug	: no
fpu		: yes
fpu_exception	: yes
cpuid level	: 10
wp		: yes
flags		: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm lahf_lm ida dtherm tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority
bogomips	: 4387.75
clflush size	: 64
cache_alignment	: 64
address sizes	: 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

============================================================
[7.3]

bnep 17923 2 - Live 0x00000000
rfcomm 38408 8 - Live 0x00000000
pci_stub 12550 1 - Live 0x00000000
vboxpci 22882 0 - Live 0x00000000
vboxnetadp 13328 0 - Live 0x00000000
vboxnetflt 27211 0 - Live 0x00000000
vboxdrv 251814 3 vboxpci,vboxnetadp,vboxnetflt, Live 0x00000000
parport_pc 32114 0 - Live 0x00000000
ppdev 12849 0 - Live 0x00000000
joydev 17393 0 - Live 0x00000000
dell_wmi 12601 0 - Live 0x00000000
uvcvideo 67271 0 - Live 0x00000000
sparse_keymap 13658 1 dell_wmi, Live 0x00000000
videodev 85626 1 uvcvideo, Live 0x00000000
binfmt_misc 17292 1 - Live 0x00000000
dell_laptop 13519 0 - Live 0x00000000
dcdbas 14098 1 dell_laptop, Live 0x00000000
nvidia 7098131 28 - Live 0x00000000 (P)
btusb 18160 2 - Live 0x00000000
bluetooth 148869 23 bnep,rfcomm,btusb, Live 0x00000000
b44 31443 0 - Live 0x00000000
snd_hda_codec_idt 60049 1 - Live 0x00000000
ssb 50682 1 b44, Live 0x00000000
wl 2646601 0 - Live 0x00000000 (P)
snd_hda_intel 28358 2 - Live 0x00000000
snd_hda_codec 91888 2 snd_hda_codec_idt,snd_hda_intel, Live 0x00000000
snd_hwdep 13276 1 snd_hda_codec, Live 0x00000000
snd_pcm 80435 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec, Live 0x00000000
psmouse 73673 0 - Live 0x00000000
r852 17901 0 - Live 0x00000000
sm_common 16737 1 r852, Live 0x00000000
nand 49706 2 r852,sm_common, Live 0x00000000
nand_ids 8547 1 nand, Live 0x00000000
nand_bch 13003 1 nand, Live 0x00000000
serio_raw 12990 0 - Live 0x00000000
r592 17808 0 - Live 0x00000000
bch 21757 1 nand_bch, Live 0x00000000
nand_ecc 13070 1 nand, Live 0x00000000
memstick 15857 1 r592, Live 0x00000000
mtd 35852 2 sm_common,nand, Live 0x00000000
snd_seq_midi 13132 0 - Live 0x00000000
lib80211 14570 1 wl, Live 0x00000000
snd_rawmidi 25241 1 snd_seq_midi, Live 0x00000000
snd_seq_midi_event 14475 1 snd_seq_midi, Live 0x00000000
snd_seq 51567 2 snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event, Live 0x00000000
wmi 18744 1 dell_wmi, Live 0x00000000
snd_timer 28932 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq, Live 0x00000000
video 19069 0 - Live 0x00000000
snd_seq_device 14172 3 snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq, Live 0x00000000
snd 55902 13 snd_hda_codec_idt,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep,snd_pcm,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device, Live 0x00000000
soundcore 12600 1 snd, Live 0x00000000
snd_page_alloc 14115 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm, Live 0x00000000
lp 17455 0 - Live 0x00000000
parport 40930 3 parport_pc,ppdev,lp, Live 0x00000000
hid_a4tech 12590 0 - Live 0x00000000
sdhci_pci 13658 0 - Live 0x00000000
sdhci 27360 1 sdhci_pci, Live 0x00000000
firewire_ohci 35854 0 - Live 0x00000000
firewire_core 56937 1 firewire_ohci, Live 0x00000000
crc_itu_t 12627 1 firewire_core, Live 0x00000000
usbhid 41905 0 - Live 0x00000000
hid 77367 2 hid_a4tech,usbhid, Live 0x00000000

============================================================
[7.4.ioports]

0000-001f : dma1
0020-0021 : pic1
0040-0043 : timer0
0050-0053 : timer1
0060-0060 : keyboard
0064-0064 : keyboard
0070-0071 : rtc0
0080-008f : dma page reg
00a0-00a1 : pic2
00c0-00df : dma2
00f0-00ff : fpu
0170-0177 : 0000:00:1f.1
  0170-0177 : ata_piix
01f0-01f7 : 0000:00:1f.1
  01f0-01f7 : ata_piix
0376-0376 : 0000:00:1f.1
  0376-0376 : ata_piix
03c0-03df : vga+
03f6-03f6 : 0000:00:1f.1
  03f6-03f6 : ata_piix
04d0-04d1 : pnp 00:09
0809-0809 : pnp 00:0a
0900-097f : pnp 00:09
0c80-0c83 : EISA device SG_FFFF
0cf8-0cff : PCI conf1
1000-107f : 0000:00:1f.0
  1000-1003 : ACPI PM1a_EVT_BLK
  1004-1005 : ACPI PM1a_CNT_BLK
  1008-100b : ACPI PM_TMR
  1010-1015 : ACPI CPU throttle
  1020-1020 : ACPI PM2_CNT_BLK
  1028-102f : ACPI GPE0_BLK
1080-10bf : 0000:00:1f.0
  1080-10bf : pnp 00:0a
10c0-10df : 0000:00:1f.3
  10c0-10df : pnp 00:0a
2000-2fff : PCI Bus 0000:0c
3000-3fff : PCI Bus 0000:0b
6eb0-6eb7 : 0000:00:1f.2
  6eb0-6eb7 : ata_piix
6eb8-6ebb : 0000:00:1f.2
  6eb8-6ebb : ata_piix
6ec0-6ec7 : 0000:00:1f.2
  6ec0-6ec7 : ata_piix
6ec8-6ecb : 0000:00:1f.2
  6ec8-6ecb : ata_piix
6ee0-6eef : 0000:00:1f.2
  6ee0-6eef : ata_piix
6f00-6f1f : 0000:00:1a.1
  6f00-6f1f : uhci_hcd
6f20-6f3f : 0000:00:1a.0
  6f20-6f3f : uhci_hcd
6f40-6f5f : 0000:00:1d.2
  6f40-6f5f : uhci_hcd
6f60-6f7f : 0000:00:1d.1
  6f60-6f7f : uhci_hcd
6f80-6f9f : 0000:00:1d.0
  6f80-6f9f : uhci_hcd
6fa0-6faf : 0000:00:1f.1
  6fa0-6faf : ata_piix
c000-cfff : PCI Bus 0000:0d
d000-dfff : PCI Bus 0000:01
  df00-df7f : 0000:01:00.0
eff0-efff : 0000:00:1f.2
  eff0-efff : ata_piix
f400-f4fe : pnp 00:0a

============================================================

[7.4.iomem]

00000000-0000ffff : reserved
00010000-0009efff : System RAM
0009f000-0009ffff : reserved
000a0000-000bffff : Video RAM area
000c0000-000cd7ff : Video ROM
000cd800-000cffff : Adapter ROM
000f0000-000fffff : System ROM
00100000-7fe923ff : System RAM
  01000000-0153ac83 : Kernel code
  0153ac84-017c67bf : Kernel data
  0187c000-01952fff : Kernel bss
7fe92400-7fffffff : reserved
  7fe92400-7fefffff : pnp 00:0b
  7ff00000-7fffffff : pnp 00:0b
80000000-801fffff : PCI Bus 0000:0c
80200000-803fffff : PCI Bus 0000:0b
80400000-805fffff : PCI Bus 0000:0b
e0000000-efffffff : PCI Bus 0000:01
  e0000000-efffffff : 0000:01:00.0
f0000000-f01fffff : PCI Bus 0000:0d
f4000000-f7ffffff : PCI MMCONFIG 0000 [bus 00-3f]
  f4000000-f7ffffff : reserved
    f4000000-f7ffffff : pnp 00:0b
f9b00000-f9bfffff : PCI Bus 0000:03
  f9bfd400-f9bfd4ff : 0000:03:01.1
    f9bfd400-f9bfd4ff : mmc0
  f9bfd600-f9bfd6ff : 0000:03:01.2
    f9bfd600-f9bfd6ff : r592
  f9bfd700-f9bfd7ff : 0000:03:01.3
    f9bfd700-f9bfd7ff : r852
  f9bfd800-f9bfdfff : 0000:03:01.0
    f9bfd800-f9bfdfff : firewire_ohci
  f9bfe000-f9bfffff : 0000:03:00.0
    f9bfe000-f9bfffff : 0000:03:00.0
f9c00000-f9efffff : PCI Bus 0000:0d
f9f00000-f9ffffff : PCI Bus 0000:0c
  f9ffc000-f9ffffff : 0000:0c:00.0
    f9ffc000-f9ffffff : 0000:0c:00.0
fa000000-feafffff : PCI Bus 0000:01
  fa000000-fbffffff : 0000:01:00.0
  fd000000-fdffffff : 0000:01:00.0
    fd000000-fdffffff : nvidia
  fea00000-fea1ffff : 0000:01:00.0
febfbf00-febfbfff : 0000:00:1f.3
febfc000-febfffff : 0000:00:1b.0
  febfc000-febfffff : ICH HD audio
fec00000-fec0ffff : reserved
  fec00000-fec003ff : IOAPIC 0
fed00000-fed003ff : HPET 0
  fed00000-fed003ff : pnp 00:08
fed18000-fed1bfff : reserved
  fed18000-fed1bfff : pnp 00:0b
fed1c000-fed1c3ff : 0000:00:1d.7
  fed1c000-fed1c3ff : ehci_hcd
fed1c400-fed1c7ff : 0000:00:1a.7
  fed1c400-fed1c7ff : ehci_hcd
fed20000-fed8ffff : reserved
  fed20000-fed8ffff : pnp 00:0b
feda0000-feda5fff : reserved
  feda0000-feda3fff : pnp 00:0b
  feda4000-feda4fff : pnp 00:0b
  feda5000-feda5fff : pnp 00:0b
feda6000-feda6fff : pnp 00:0b
fee00000-fee0ffff : reserved
  fee00000-fee0ffff : pnp 00:0b
    fee00000-fee00fff : Local APIC
ffa00000-ffafffff : pnp 00:0b
fff00000-ffffffff : reserved
  fff00000-ffffffff : pnp 00:0b

============================================================
[7.5]

00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile PM965/GM965/GL960 Memory Controller Hub (rev 0c)
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort+ >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0
	Capabilities: [e0] Vendor Specific Information: Len=0a <?>

00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile PM965/GM965/GL960 PCI Express Root Port (rev 0c) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
	Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx+
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes
	Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=0
	I/O behind bridge: 0000d000-0000dfff
	Memory behind bridge: fa000000-feafffff
	Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000e0000000-00000000efffffff
	Secondary status: 66MHz- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- <SERR- <PERR-
	BridgeCtl: Parity- SERR+ NoISA- VGA+ MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B-
		PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn-
	Capabilities: [88] Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3
		Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)
		Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-
	Capabilities: [90] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
		Address: fee0300c  Data: 4169
	Capabilities: [a0] Express (v1) Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00
		DevCap:	MaxPayload 128 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s <64ns, L1 <1us
			ExtTag- RBE+ FLReset-
		DevCtl:	Report errors: Correctable- Non-Fatal- Fatal- Unsupported-
			RlxdOrd- ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop-
			MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 128 bytes
		DevSta:	CorrErr- UncorrErr- FatalErr- UnsuppReq- AuxPwr- TransPend-
		LnkCap:	Port #2, Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x16, ASPM L0s L1, Latency L0 <256ns, L1 <4us
			ClockPM- Surprise- LLActRep- BwNot-
		LnkCtl:	ASPM L0s L1 Enabled; RCB 64 bytes Disabled- Retrain- CommClk+
			ExtSynch- ClockPM- AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-
		LnkSta:	Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x16, TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt-
		SltCap:	AttnBtn- PwrCtrl- MRL- AttnInd- PwrInd- HotPlug+ Surprise-
			Slot #1, PowerLimit 75.000W; Interlock- NoCompl+
		SltCtl:	Enable: AttnBtn- PwrFlt- MRL- PresDet- CmdCplt- HPIrq- LinkChg-
			Control: AttnInd Off, PwrInd On, Power- Interlock-
		SltSta:	Status: AttnBtn- PowerFlt- MRL- CmdCplt- PresDet+ Interlock-
			Changed: MRL- PresDet+ LinkState-
		RootCtl: ErrCorrectable- ErrNon-Fatal- ErrFatal- PMEIntEna- CRSVisible-
		RootCap: CRSVisible-
		RootSta: PME ReqID 0000, PMEStatus- PMEPending-
	Capabilities: [100 v1] Virtual Channel
		Caps:	LPEVC=0 RefClk=100ns PATEntryBits=1
		Arb:	Fixed+ WRR32- WRR64- WRR128-
		Ctrl:	ArbSelect=Fixed
		Status:	InProgress-
		VC0:	Caps:	PATOffset=00 MaxTimeSlots=1 RejSnoopTrans-
			Arb:	Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128- TWRR128- WRR256-
			Ctrl:	Enable+ ID=0 ArbSelect=Fixed TC/VC=01
			Status:	NegoPending- InProgress-
	Capabilities: [140 v1] Root Complex Link
		Desc:	PortNumber=02 ComponentID=01 EltType=Config
		Link0:	Desc:	TargetPort=00 TargetComponent=01 AssocRCRB- LinkType=MemMapped LinkValid+
			Addr:	00000000feda5000
	Kernel driver in use: pcieport
	Kernel modules: shpchp

00:1a.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 02) (prog-if 00 [UHCI])
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O+ Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0
	Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 20
	Region 4: I/O ports at 6f20 [size=32]
	Kernel driver in use: uhci_hcd

00:1a.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #5 (rev 02) (prog-if 00 [UHCI])
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O+ Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0
	Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 21
	Region 4: I/O ports at 6f00 [size=32]
	Kernel driver in use: uhci_hcd

00:1a.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #2 (rev 02) (prog-if 20 [EHCI])
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0
	Interrupt: pin C routed to IRQ 22
	Region 0: Memory at fed1c400 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K]
	Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2
		Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=375mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)
		Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-
	Capabilities: [58] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=00a0
	Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd

00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) HD Audio Controller (rev 02)
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx+
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes
	Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 44
	Region 0: Memory at febfc000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
	Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2
		Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=55mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)
		Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-
	Capabilities: [60] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
		Address: 00000000fee0300c  Data: 41a1
	Capabilities: [70] Express (v1) Root Complex Integrated Endpoint, MSI 00
		DevCap:	MaxPayload 128 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s unlimited, L1 unlimited
			ExtTag- RBE- FLReset-
		DevCtl:	Report errors: Correctable- Non-Fatal- Fatal- Unsupported-
			RlxdOrd- ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop+
			MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 128 bytes
		DevSta:	CorrErr- UncorrErr- FatalErr- UnsuppReq- AuxPwr+ TransPend-
		LnkCap:	Port #0, Speed unknown, Width x0, ASPM unknown, Latency L0 <64ns, L1 <1us
			ClockPM- Surprise- LLActRep- BwNot-
		LnkCtl:	ASPM Disabled; Disabled- Retrain- CommClk-
			ExtSynch- ClockPM- AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-
		LnkSta:	Speed unknown, Width x0, TrErr- Train- SlotClk- DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt-
	Capabilities: [100 v1] Virtual Channel
		Caps:	LPEVC=0 RefClk=100ns PATEntryBits=1
		Arb:	Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128-
		Ctrl:	ArbSelect=Fixed
		Status:	InProgress-
		VC0:	Caps:	PATOffset=00 MaxTimeSlots=1 RejSnoopTrans-
			Arb:	Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128- TWRR128- WRR256-
			Ctrl:	Enable+ ID=0 ArbSelect=Fixed TC/VC=01
			Status:	NegoPending- InProgress-
		VC1:	Caps:	PATOffset=00 MaxTimeSlots=1 RejSnoopTrans-
			Arb:	Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128- TWRR128- WRR256-
			Ctrl:	Enable+ ID=1 ArbSelect=Fixed TC/VC=80
			Status:	NegoPending- InProgress-
	Capabilities: [130 v1] Root Complex Link
		Desc:	PortNumber=0f ComponentID=02 EltType=Config
		Link0:	Desc:	TargetPort=00 TargetComponent=02 AssocRCRB- LinkType=MemMapped LinkValid+
			Addr:	00000000fed18000
	Kernel driver in use: HDA Intel
	Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel

00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 1 (rev 02) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
	Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes
	Bus: primary=00, secondary=0b, subordinate=0b, sec-latency=0
	I/O behind bridge: 00003000-00003fff
	Memory behind bridge: 80200000-803fffff
	Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 0000000080400000-00000000805fffff
	Secondary status: 66MHz- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- <SERR- <PERR-
	BridgeCtl: Parity- SERR+ NoISA- VGA- MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B-
		PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn-
	Capabilities: [40] Express (v1) Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00
		DevCap:	MaxPayload 128 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s unlimited, L1 unlimited
			ExtTag- RBE+ FLReset-
		DevCtl:	Report errors: Correctable- Non-Fatal- Fatal+ Unsupported-
			RlxdOrd- ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop-
			MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 128 bytes
		DevSta:	CorrErr- UncorrErr- FatalErr- UnsuppReq- AuxPwr+ TransPend-
		LnkCap:	Port #1, Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1, ASPM L0s L1, Latency L0 <1us, L1 <4us
			ClockPM- Surprise- LLActRep+ BwNot-
		LnkCtl:	ASPM Disabled; RCB 64 bytes Disabled- Retrain- CommClk-
			ExtSynch- ClockPM- AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-
		LnkSta:	Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x0, TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt-
		SltCap:	AttnBtn- PwrCtrl- MRL- AttnInd- PwrInd- HotPlug+ Surprise+
			Slot #2, PowerLimit 6.500W; Interlock- NoCompl-
		SltCtl:	Enable: AttnBtn- PwrFlt- MRL- PresDet+ CmdCplt- HPIrq- LinkChg-
			Control: AttnInd Unknown, PwrInd Unknown, Power- Interlock-
		SltSta:	Status: AttnBtn- PowerFlt- MRL- CmdCplt- PresDet- Interlock-
			Changed: MRL- PresDet- LinkState-
		RootCtl: ErrCorrectable- ErrNon-Fatal- ErrFatal+ PMEIntEna- CRSVisible-
		RootCap: CRSVisible-
		RootSta: PME ReqID 0000, PMEStatus- PMEPending-
	Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
		Address: fee0300c  Data: 4171
	Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 2
		Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)
		Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-
	Capabilities: [100 v1] Virtual Channel
		Caps:	LPEVC=0 RefClk=100ns PATEntryBits=1
		Arb:	Fixed+ WRR32- WRR64- WRR128-
		Ctrl:	ArbSelect=Fixed
		Status:	InProgress-
		VC0:	Caps:	PATOffset=00 MaxTimeSlots=1 RejSnoopTrans-
			Arb:	Fixed+ WRR32- WRR64- WRR128- TWRR128- WRR256-
			Ctrl:	Enable+ ID=0 ArbSelect=Fixed TC/VC=ff
			Status:	NegoPending- InProgress-
	Capabilities: [180 v1] Root Complex Link
		Desc:	PortNumber=01 ComponentID=02 EltType=Config
		Link0:	Desc:	TargetPort=00 TargetComponent=02 AssocRCRB- LinkType=MemMapped LinkValid+
			Addr:	00000000fed18001
	Kernel driver in use: pcieport
	Kernel modules: shpchp

00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 2 (rev 02) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
	Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx+
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes
	Bus: primary=00, secondary=0c, subordinate=0c, sec-latency=0
	I/O behind bridge: 00002000-00002fff
	Memory behind bridge: f9f00000-f9ffffff
	Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 0000000080000000-00000000801fffff
	Secondary status: 66MHz- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- <SERR- <PERR-
	BridgeCtl: Parity- SERR+ NoISA- VGA- MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B-
		PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn-
	Capabilities: [40] Express (v1) Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00
		DevCap:	MaxPayload 128 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s unlimited, L1 unlimited
			ExtTag- RBE+ FLReset-
		DevCtl:	Report errors: Correctable- Non-Fatal- Fatal- Unsupported-
			RlxdOrd- ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop-
			MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 128 bytes
		DevSta:	CorrErr- UncorrErr- FatalErr- UnsuppReq- AuxPwr+ TransPend-
		LnkCap:	Port #2, Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1, ASPM L0s L1, Latency L0 <256ns, L1 <4us
			ClockPM- Surprise- LLActRep+ BwNot-
		LnkCtl:	ASPM Disabled; RCB 64 bytes Disabled- Retrain- CommClk+
			ExtSynch- ClockPM- AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-
		LnkSta:	Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1, TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive+ BWMgmt- ABWMgmt-
		SltCap:	AttnBtn- PwrCtrl- MRL- AttnInd- PwrInd- HotPlug+ Surprise+
			Slot #3, PowerLimit 6.500W; Interlock- NoCompl-
		SltCtl:	Enable: AttnBtn- PwrFlt- MRL- PresDet+ CmdCplt- HPIrq- LinkChg-
			Control: AttnInd Unknown, PwrInd Unknown, Power- Interlock-
		SltSta:	Status: AttnBtn- PowerFlt- MRL- CmdCplt- PresDet+ Interlock-
			Changed: MRL- PresDet- LinkState-
		RootCtl: ErrCorrectable- ErrNon-Fatal- ErrFatal- PMEIntEna- CRSVisible-
		RootCap: CRSVisible-
		RootSta: PME ReqID 0000, PMEStatus- PMEPending-
	Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
		Address: fee0300c  Data: 4179
	Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 2
		Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)
		Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-
	Capabilities: [100 v1] Virtual Channel
		Caps:	LPEVC=0 RefClk=100ns PATEntryBits=1
		Arb:	Fixed+ WRR32- WRR64- WRR128-
		Ctrl:	ArbSelect=Fixed
		Status:	InProgress-
		VC0:	Caps:	PATOffset=00 MaxTimeSlots=1 RejSnoopTrans-
			Arb:	Fixed+ WRR32- WRR64- WRR128- TWRR128- WRR256-
			Ctrl:	Enable+ ID=0 ArbSelect=Fixed TC/VC=01
			Status:	NegoPending- InProgress-
	Capabilities: [180 v1] Root Complex Link
		Desc:	PortNumber=02 ComponentID=02 EltType=Config
		Link0:	Desc:	TargetPort=00 TargetComponent=02 AssocRCRB- LinkType=MemMapped LinkValid+
			Addr:	00000000fed18001
	Kernel driver in use: pcieport
	Kernel modules: shpchp

00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 4 (rev 02) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
	Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes
	Bus: primary=00, secondary=0d, subordinate=0e, sec-latency=0
	I/O behind bridge: 0000c000-0000cfff
	Memory behind bridge: f9c00000-f9efffff
	Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000f0000000-00000000f01fffff
	Secondary status: 66MHz- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- <SERR- <PERR-
	BridgeCtl: Parity- SERR+ NoISA- VGA- MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B-
		PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn-
	Capabilities: [40] Express (v1) Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00
		DevCap:	MaxPayload 128 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s unlimited, L1 unlimited
			ExtTag- RBE+ FLReset-
		DevCtl:	Report errors: Correctable- Non-Fatal- Fatal- Unsupported-
			RlxdOrd- ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop-
			MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 128 bytes
		DevSta:	CorrErr- UncorrErr- FatalErr- UnsuppReq- AuxPwr+ TransPend-
		LnkCap:	Port #4, Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1, ASPM L0s L1, Latency L0 <1us, L1 <4us
			ClockPM- Surprise- LLActRep+ BwNot-
		LnkCtl:	ASPM Disabled; RCB 64 bytes Disabled- Retrain- CommClk-
			ExtSynch- ClockPM- AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-
		LnkSta:	Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x0, TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt-
		SltCap:	AttnBtn- PwrCtrl- MRL- AttnInd- PwrInd- HotPlug+ Surprise+
			Slot #5, PowerLimit 6.500W; Interlock- NoCompl-
		SltCtl:	Enable: AttnBtn- PwrFlt- MRL- PresDet+ CmdCplt- HPIrq- LinkChg-
			Control: AttnInd Unknown, PwrInd Unknown, Power- Interlock-
		SltSta:	Status: AttnBtn- PowerFlt- MRL- CmdCplt- PresDet- Interlock-
			Changed: MRL- PresDet- LinkState-
		RootCtl: ErrCorrectable- ErrNon-Fatal- ErrFatal- PMEIntEna- CRSVisible-
		RootCap: CRSVisible-
		RootSta: PME ReqID 0000, PMEStatus- PMEPending-
	Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
		Address: fee0300c  Data: 4181
	Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 2
		Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)
		Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-
	Capabilities: [100 v1] Virtual Channel
		Caps:	LPEVC=0 RefClk=100ns PATEntryBits=1
		Arb:	Fixed+ WRR32- WRR64- WRR128-
		Ctrl:	ArbSelect=Fixed
		Status:	InProgress-
		VC0:	Caps:	PATOffset=00 MaxTimeSlots=1 RejSnoopTrans-
			Arb:	Fixed+ WRR32- WRR64- WRR128- TWRR128- WRR256-
			Ctrl:	Enable+ ID=0 ArbSelect=Fixed TC/VC=ff
			Status:	NegoPending- InProgress-
	Capabilities: [180 v1] Root Complex Link
		Desc:	PortNumber=04 ComponentID=02 EltType=Config
		Link0:	Desc:	TargetPort=00 TargetComponent=02 AssocRCRB- LinkType=MemMapped LinkValid+
			Addr:	00000000fed18001
	Kernel driver in use: pcieport
	Kernel modules: shpchp

00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 02) (prog-if 00 [UHCI])
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O+ Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0
	Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 20
	Region 4: I/O ports at 6f80 [size=32]
	Kernel driver in use: uhci_hcd

00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 02) (prog-if 00 [UHCI])
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O+ Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0
	Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 21
	Region 4: I/O ports at 6f60 [size=32]
	Kernel driver in use: uhci_hcd

00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 02) (prog-if 00 [UHCI])
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O+ Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0
	Interrupt: pin C routed to IRQ 22
	Region 4: I/O ports at 6f40 [size=32]
	Kernel driver in use: uhci_hcd

00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #1 (rev 02) (prog-if 20 [EHCI])
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0
	Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 20
	Region 0: Memory at fed1c000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K]
	Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2
		Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=375mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)
		Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-
	Capabilities: [58] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=00a0
	Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd

00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge (rev f2) (prog-if 01 [Subtractive decode])
	Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0
	Bus: primary=00, secondary=03, subordinate=03, sec-latency=32
	I/O behind bridge: 0000f000-00000fff
	Memory behind bridge: f9b00000-f9bfffff
	Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fff00000-00000000000fffff
	Secondary status: 66MHz- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort+ <SERR- <PERR-
	BridgeCtl: Parity- SERR+ NoISA- VGA- MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B-
		PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn-
	Capabilities: [50] Subsystem: Dell Device 0228

00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801HEM (ICH8M) LPC Interface Controller (rev 02)
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0
	Capabilities: [e0] Vendor Specific Information: Len=0c <?>
	Kernel modules: iTCO_wdt

00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801HBM/HEM (ICH8M/ICH8M-E) IDE Controller (rev 02) (prog-if 8a [Master SecP PriP])
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O+ Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0
	Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 16
	Region 0: I/O ports at 01f0 [size=8]
	Region 1: I/O ports at 03f4 [size=1]
	Region 2: I/O ports at 0170 [size=8]
	Region 3: I/O ports at 0374 [size=1]
	Region 4: I/O ports at 6fa0 [size=16]
	Kernel driver in use: ata_piix

00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801HBM/HEM (ICH8M/ICH8M-E) SATA IDE Controller (rev 02) (prog-if 8f [Master SecP SecO PriP PriO])
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0
	Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 17
	Region 0: I/O ports at 6eb0 [size=8]
	Region 1: I/O ports at 6eb8 [size=4]
	Region 2: I/O ports at 6ec0 [size=8]
	Region 3: I/O ports at 6ec8 [size=4]
	Region 4: I/O ports at 6ee0 [size=16]
	Region 5: I/O ports at eff0 [size=16]
	Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 3
		Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold-)
		Status: D0 NoSoftRst+ PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-
	Kernel driver in use: ata_piix

00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 02)
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster- SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 10
	Region 0: Memory at febfbf00 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256]
	Region 4: I/O ports at 10c0 [size=32]
	Kernel modules: i2c-i801

01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation G84 [GeForce 8600M GT] (rev a1) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0
	Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 16
	Region 0: Memory at fd000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M]
	Region 1: Memory at e0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
	Region 3: Memory at fa000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=32M]
	Region 5: I/O ports at df00 [size=128]
	[virtual] Expansion ROM at fea00000 [disabled] [size=128K]
	Capabilities: [60] Power Management version 2
		Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot-,D3cold-)
		Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-
	Capabilities: [68] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
		Address: 0000000000000000  Data: 0000
	Capabilities: [78] Express (v1) Endpoint, MSI 00
		DevCap:	MaxPayload 128 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s <512ns, L1 <4us
			ExtTag+ AttnBtn- AttnInd- PwrInd- RBE+ FLReset-
		DevCtl:	Report errors: Correctable- Non-Fatal- Fatal- Unsupported-
			RlxdOrd+ ExtTag+ PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop+
			MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 512 bytes
		DevSta:	CorrErr- UncorrErr- FatalErr- UnsuppReq- AuxPwr- TransPend-
		LnkCap:	Port #0, Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x16, ASPM L0s L1, Latency L0 <512ns, L1 <4us
			ClockPM- Surprise- LLActRep- BwNot-
		LnkCtl:	ASPM L0s L1 Enabled; RCB 128 bytes Disabled- Retrain- CommClk+
			ExtSynch- ClockPM- AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-
		LnkSta:	Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x16, TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt-
	Capabilities: [100 v1] Virtual Channel
		Caps:	LPEVC=0 RefClk=100ns PATEntryBits=1
		Arb:	Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128-
		Ctrl:	ArbSelect=Fixed
		Status:	InProgress-
		VC0:	Caps:	PATOffset=00 MaxTimeSlots=1 RejSnoopTrans-
			Arb:	Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128- TWRR128- WRR256-
			Ctrl:	Enable+ ID=0 ArbSelect=Fixed TC/VC=01
			Status:	NegoPending- InProgress-
	Capabilities: [128 v1] Power Budgeting <?>
	Capabilities: [600 v1] Vendor Specific Information: ID=0001 Rev=1 Len=024 <?>
	Kernel driver in use: nvidia
	Kernel modules: nvidia_173, nvidia_current, nouveau, nvidiafb

03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4401-B0 100Base-TX (rev 02)
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 64
	Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 17
	Region 0: Memory at f9bfe000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8K]
	Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 2
		Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1+ D2+ AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1+,D2+,D3hot+,D3cold+)
		Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=2 PME-
	Kernel driver in use: b44
	Kernel modules: b44

03:01.0 FireWire (IEEE 1394): Ricoh Co Ltd R5C832 IEEE 1394 Controller (rev 05) (prog-if 10 [OHCI])
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 64 (500ns min, 1000ns max), Cache Line Size: 64 bytes
	Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 19
	Region 0: Memory at f9bfd800 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K]
	Capabilities: [dc] Power Management version 2
		Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1+ D2+ AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1+,D2+,D3hot+,D3cold+)
		Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=2 PME+
	Kernel driver in use: firewire_ohci
	Kernel modules: firewire-ohci

03:01.1 SD Host controller: Ricoh Co Ltd R5C822 SD/SDIO/MMC/MS/MSPro Host Adapter (rev 22) (prog-if 01)
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 64, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes
	Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 18
	Region 0: Memory at f9bfd400 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256]
	Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 2
		Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1+ D2+ AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1+,D2+,D3hot+,D3cold+)
		Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=2 PME-
	Kernel driver in use: sdhci-pci
	Kernel modules: sdhci-pci

03:01.2 System peripheral: Ricoh Co Ltd R5C592 Memory Stick Bus Host Adapter (rev 12)
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 64, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes
	Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 18
	Region 0: Memory at f9bfd600 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256]
	Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 2
		Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1+ D2+ AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1+,D2+,D3hot+,D3cold+)
		Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=2 PME-
	Kernel driver in use: r592
	Kernel modules: r592

03:01.3 System peripheral: Ricoh Co Ltd xD-Picture Card Controller (rev 12)
	Subsystem: Dell Device 0228
	Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 64, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes
	Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 18
	Region 0: Memory at f9bfd700 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256]
	Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 2
		Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1+ D2+ AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1+,D2+,D3hot+,D3cold+)
		Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=2 PME-
	Kernel driver in use: r852
	Kernel modules: r852

0c:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4311 802.11b/g WLAN (rev 01)
	Subsystem: Dell Wireless 1390 WLAN Mini-Card
	Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx-
	Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
	Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes
	Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 17
	Region 0: Memory at f9ffc000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
	Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 2
		Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1+ D2+ AuxCurrent=375mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot-,D3cold-)
		Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=2 PME-
	Capabilities: [58] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
		Address: 00000000  Data: 0000
	Capabilities: [d0] Express (v1) Legacy Endpoint, MSI 00
		DevCap:	MaxPayload 128 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s <4us, L1 unlimited
			ExtTag+ AttnBtn- AttnInd- PwrInd- RBE- FLReset-
		DevCtl:	Report errors: Correctable- Non-Fatal- Fatal- Unsupported-
			RlxdOrd- ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop-
			MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 128 bytes
		DevSta:	CorrErr- UncorrErr- FatalErr- UnsuppReq- AuxPwr- TransPend-
		LnkCap:	Port #0, Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1, ASPM L0s, Latency L0 <4us, L1 <64us
			ClockPM- Surprise- LLActRep- BwNot-
		LnkCtl:	ASPM Disabled; RCB 64 bytes Disabled- Retrain- CommClk+
			ExtSynch- ClockPM- AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-
		LnkSta:	Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1, TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt-
	Capabilities: [100 v1] Advanced Error Reporting
		UESta:	DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-
		UEMsk:	DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-
		UESvrt:	DLP+ SDES- TLP- FCP+ CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF+ MalfTLP+ ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-
		CESta:	RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- NonFatalErr-
		CEMsk:	RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- NonFatalErr-
		AERCap:	First Error Pointer: 00, GenCap+ CGenEn- ChkCap+ ChkEn-
	Capabilities: [13c v1] Virtual Channel
		Caps:	LPEVC=0 RefClk=100ns PATEntryBits=1
		Arb:	Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128-
		Ctrl:	ArbSelect=Fixed
		Status:	InProgress-
		VC0:	Caps:	PATOffset=00 MaxTimeSlots=1 RejSnoopTrans-
			Arb:	Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128- TWRR128- WRR256-
			Ctrl:	Enable+ ID=0 ArbSelect=Fixed TC/VC=01
			Status:	NegoPending- InProgress-
	Kernel driver in use: b43-pci-bridge
	Kernel modules: wl, ssb

============================================================
[7.6]

Attached devices:
Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00
  Vendor: PBDS     Model: DVD+-RW DS-8W1P  Rev: BD1B
  Type:   CD-ROM                           ANSI  SCSI revision: 05
Host: scsi2 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00
  Vendor: ATA      Model: ST9160821AS      Rev: 3.CD
  Type:   Direct-Access                    ANSI  SCSI revision: 05

============================================================

Solution:

We tracked down /usr/bin/time source code. It uses wait4() system call. Then we downloaded mainline kernel
source code 3.6. In file kernel/sys.c, at line 1764, maxrss variable is multiplied by (PAGE_SIZE / 1024). 
PAGE_SIZE is 4096 in x86 architectures so (PAGE_SIZE / 1024) is 4. This is the line of code:

       r->ru_maxrss = maxrss * (PAGE_SIZE / 1024); /* convert pages to KBs */

Comment says that this operation will convert the maxrss into KBs. But we think it has been converted to KBs
previously. It may be a missed line of code after correcting maxrss unit to KBs. We also, checked 3.5.5 which is
the stable version. The line exists yet.


