Thanks to Jo Ann and all those who have responded to my questions about these puzzling pieces. I have extricated my book on Beveren and see that Jo Ann is correct about the holes. They do resemble the holes in the linen stitch in the second of the two "Tonder" pieces I posted. Also, before me is Ulrike's book in which she has elegantly diagrammed all the many ways of dealing with a large hole. They are probably more common than I had thought, existing as Lorelei says in Bucks and as Doris says in the Torchon Purse Pendents (unfortunately, I do not have that book.) I have examined the two fillings Jo Ann refers to. One of them, I believe is filling G from the OIDFA book which claims it was used in Tonder before 1900. The other one bears a resemblance to L, but that is not something found in Tonder, only Merletto aquilano. It also reminds me of the bobbin fillings you often see in Milanese where they are trying to copy the effect of the diaper patterns in Venetian Gros Point. Unfortunately, I don't have the Dutch Folk Costume study by OIDFA. (Clearly I need to buy more books after the pandemic.) One consideration is that the Dutch used Beveren on their caps, while the Danish made Tonder for Danish caps. Bobbi's book on the Danish Cross Cloths is very interesting on that point. So, both laces found an enthusiastic costumer base in the wearers of traditional caps. I am going to post on laceioli.ning some close ups of the fillings that Jo Ann mentions and photos from the OIDFA book of the fillings G and L for comparison. Here is the link: http://laceioli.ning.com/group/identification-history Devon
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