A boot-up dmesg can be helpful as kernel outputs detailed memory usages such as below:
[ 0.000000] e820: BIOS-provided physical RAM map: [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009ffff] usable [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x000000001fffffff] usable [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000020000000-0x00000000201fffff] reserved [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000020200000-0x000000003fffffff] usable [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x00000000401fffff] reserved [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000040200000-0x00000000ca7b8fff] usable [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ca7b9000-0x00000000ca8c0fff] reserved [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ca8c1000-0x00000000ca90cfff] ACPI NVS [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ca90d000-0x00000000caa1ffff] reserved [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000caa20000-0x00000000caa27fff] ACPI data [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000caa28000-0x00000000cac29fff] ACPI NVS [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000cac2a000-0x00000000cac4cfff] reserved [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000cac4d000-0x00000000cac4dfff] usable [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000cac4e000-0x00000000cacaefff] reserved [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000cacaf000-0x00000000caccdfff] ACPI NVS [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000cacce000-0x00000000cacf6fff] reserved [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000cacf7000-0x00000000cad39fff] ACPI NVS [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000cad3a000-0x00000000caffffff] usable [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000cb800000-0x00000000cf9fffff] reserved [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed1c000-0x00000000fed1ffff] reserved [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ff000000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000022e5fffff] usable Often memory can be reserved for other purposes and therefore is not available for OS. A most common example is to be used by integrated VGA. The size can range from 16MB to 512+MB, depending on hardware design. It can also be BIOS bug if it fails to assign memory above 4GB. ** Changed in: hwe-next Status: Confirmed => Incomplete -- You received this bug notification because you are a member of Kernel Packages, which is subscribed to linux-lts-utopic in Ubuntu. https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1434014 Title: [Lenovo E450] Run test case 'memory/info' is failed. Status in HWE Next Project: Incomplete Status in linux-lts-utopic package in Ubuntu: New Bug description: CID : 201407-15368 Lenovo E450 (A+A) with 14.04.2 (utopic) Steps: 1. Install 14.04.2 on E450 2. Install Plainbox and run test case 'memory/info'. (This test checks the amount of memory which is reporting in meminfo against the size of the memory modules detected by DMI.) Expected result: Test result should be pass. Actual result: /proc/meminfo reports: 3.13GiB lshw reports: 4GiB FAIL: Meminfo reports 930258944 less than lshw, a difference of 21.66%. Only a variance of 20% in reported memory is allowed. ProblemType: Bug DistroRelease: Ubuntu 14.04 Package: linux-image-3.16.0-30-generic 3.16.0-30.40~14.04.1 [modified: boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-30-generic] ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 3.16.0-30.40~14.04.1-generic 3.16.7-ckt3 Uname: Linux 3.16.0-30-generic x86_64 NonfreeKernelModules: fglrx ApportVersion: 2.14.1-0ubuntu3.7 Architecture: amd64 CurrentDesktop: Unity Date: Thu Mar 19 06:28:49 2015 InstallationDate: Installed on 2015-03-18 (1 days ago) InstallationMedia: Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS "Trusty Tahr" - Release amd64 (20150218.1) SourcePackage: linux-lts-utopic UpgradeStatus: No upgrade log present (probably fresh install) To manage notifications about this bug go to: https://bugs.launchpad.net/hwe-next/+bug/1434014/+subscriptions -- Mailing list: https://launchpad.net/~kernel-packages Post to : kernel-packages@lists.launchpad.net Unsubscribe : https://launchpad.net/~kernel-packages More help : https://help.launchpad.net/ListHelp