zeroshade commented on code in PR #1214:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg-go/pull/1214#discussion_r3521438947


##########
table/data_file_meta.go:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package table
+
+import (
+       "errors"
+       "fmt"
+
+       "github.com/apache/arrow-go/v18/parquet/metadata"
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go"
+       tblutils "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table/internal"
+)
+
+// DataFileArgs collects everything needed to compute a fully populated
+// [iceberg.DataFile] (data, equality-delete, or positional-delete) from
+// a file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object without performing
+// any filesystem reads.
+type DataFileArgs struct {
+       // Schema is the Iceberg schema the file's contents conform to.
+       // Per-column statistics are matched by leaf-column path: each file
+       // column's dotted path MUST equal the path derived from this schema's
+       // field names. Embedded field-id metadata in the file (e.g. the Parquet
+       // "PARQUET:field_id" key) is not consulted, so a column renamed 
relative
+       // to the file will not resolve.
+       Schema *iceberg.Schema
+
+       // Spec is the partition spec the resulting DataFile is bound to —
+       // typically tbl.Spec(). The zero value [iceberg.PartitionSpec]{} is
+       // equivalent to *iceberg.UnpartitionedSpec and is accepted for
+       // unpartitioned tables.
+       Spec iceberg.PartitionSpec
+
+       // Format identifies the on-disk file format and selects the internal
+       // FileFormat implementation used to extract per-column statistics from
+       // Metadata. It must match the concrete type of Metadata: the only 
supported
+       // combination today is [iceberg.ParquetFile] with a 
*metadata.FileMetaData.
+       Format iceberg.FileFormat
+
+       // Metadata is the format-specific, in-memory file metadata object 
produced
+       // by the external writer.
+       //
+       // Today only Format == [iceberg.ParquetFile] with 
*metadata.FileMetaData is supported
+       Metadata any
+
+       // FilePath is the fully qualified location the file bytes were
+       // written to (the same path that will be recorded in the manifest 
entry).
+       FilePath string
+
+       // FileSize is the byte length of the object at FilePath. Must be
+       // greater than zero.
+       FileSize int64
+
+       // Content selects which manifest-entry kind to produce — one of
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentData], [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] or
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentPosDeletes].
+       Content iceberg.ManifestEntryContent
+
+       // PartitionValues maps spec field ID → partition value. Every spec 
field
+       // must be present; leave nil/empty for unpartitioned tables, where any
+       // supplied value is rejected.
+       //
+       // Values must already be the transform results in the expected Go 
types.
+       // A nil value is treated as "not supplied" and is inferred from the 
file's
+       // column statistics; void-transform fields therefore should be nil (the
+       // void transform always yields null), though this is not enforced.
+       //
+       // This helper validates only that the supplied field IDs match the spec
+       // (every field present, no stray IDs); it does not coerce or type-check
+       // the values themselves. Callers are responsible for supplying values 
of
+       // the correct type.
+       PartitionValues map[int]any
+
+       // SortOrderID is the sort-order ID recorded on the manifest entry,
+       // typically tbl.SortOrder().OrderID(). Zero means "unsorted".
+       SortOrderID int
+
+       // Properties are consulted only for write-side metrics-mode keys
+       // (write.metadata.metrics.default and per-column
+       // write.metadata.metrics.column.<name> overrides) that decide
+       // which columns get full vs truncated vs no statistics. Pass
+       // tbl.Properties() for table-default behavior; nil is safe.
+       Properties iceberg.Properties
+
+       // EqualityFieldIDs lists the schema field IDs that an equality
+       // delete file matches on. Required when
+       // Content == [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] and MUST be empty
+       // for every other Content value. Every listed ID must be present in 
Schema.
+       EqualityFieldIDs []int
+
+       // FirstRowID sets the data file's first_row_id (row lineage, v3+).
+       //
+       // Leave it nil for newly-written files — row IDs are assigned by 
inheritance at commit;
+       // set only when re-registering an existing file whose first_row_id was 
previously assigned;
+       // always nil for delete files.
+       FirstRowID *int64
+
+       // ReferencedDataFile, when non-nil, records the single data file that a

Review Comment:
   [MAJOR] This says newly-written files should leave FirstRowID nil, but v3 
AddDataFiles requires data files to carry first_row_id, so callers following 
this doc can still build a DataFile that only fails at commit time. Please add 
table-version/target-operation context to DataFileArgs validation/docs so v3 
AddDataFiles requires FirstRowID, and add a v3 AddDataFiles test.



##########
table/data_file_meta.go:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package table
+
+import (
+       "errors"
+       "fmt"
+
+       "github.com/apache/arrow-go/v18/parquet/metadata"
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go"
+       tblutils "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table/internal"
+)
+
+// DataFileArgs collects everything needed to compute a fully populated
+// [iceberg.DataFile] (data, equality-delete, or positional-delete) from
+// a file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object without performing
+// any filesystem reads.
+type DataFileArgs struct {
+       // Schema is the Iceberg schema the file's contents conform to.
+       // Per-column statistics are matched by leaf-column path: each file
+       // column's dotted path MUST equal the path derived from this schema's
+       // field names. Embedded field-id metadata in the file (e.g. the Parquet
+       // "PARQUET:field_id" key) is not consulted, so a column renamed 
relative
+       // to the file will not resolve.
+       Schema *iceberg.Schema
+
+       // Spec is the partition spec the resulting DataFile is bound to —
+       // typically tbl.Spec(). The zero value [iceberg.PartitionSpec]{} is
+       // equivalent to *iceberg.UnpartitionedSpec and is accepted for
+       // unpartitioned tables.
+       Spec iceberg.PartitionSpec
+
+       // Format identifies the on-disk file format and selects the internal
+       // FileFormat implementation used to extract per-column statistics from
+       // Metadata. It must match the concrete type of Metadata: the only 
supported
+       // combination today is [iceberg.ParquetFile] with a 
*metadata.FileMetaData.
+       Format iceberg.FileFormat
+
+       // Metadata is the format-specific, in-memory file metadata object 
produced
+       // by the external writer.
+       //
+       // Today only Format == [iceberg.ParquetFile] with 
*metadata.FileMetaData is supported
+       Metadata any
+
+       // FilePath is the fully qualified location the file bytes were
+       // written to (the same path that will be recorded in the manifest 
entry).
+       FilePath string
+
+       // FileSize is the byte length of the object at FilePath. Must be
+       // greater than zero.
+       FileSize int64
+
+       // Content selects which manifest-entry kind to produce — one of
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentData], [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] or
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentPosDeletes].
+       Content iceberg.ManifestEntryContent
+
+       // PartitionValues maps spec field ID → partition value. Every spec 
field
+       // must be present; leave nil/empty for unpartitioned tables, where any
+       // supplied value is rejected.
+       //
+       // Values must already be the transform results in the expected Go 
types.
+       // A nil value is treated as "not supplied" and is inferred from the 
file's
+       // column statistics; void-transform fields therefore should be nil (the
+       // void transform always yields null), though this is not enforced.
+       //
+       // This helper validates only that the supplied field IDs match the spec
+       // (every field present, no stray IDs); it does not coerce or type-check
+       // the values themselves. Callers are responsible for supplying values 
of
+       // the correct type.
+       PartitionValues map[int]any
+
+       // SortOrderID is the sort-order ID recorded on the manifest entry,
+       // typically tbl.SortOrder().OrderID(). Zero means "unsorted".
+       SortOrderID int
+
+       // Properties are consulted only for write-side metrics-mode keys
+       // (write.metadata.metrics.default and per-column
+       // write.metadata.metrics.column.<name> overrides) that decide
+       // which columns get full vs truncated vs no statistics. Pass
+       // tbl.Properties() for table-default behavior; nil is safe.
+       Properties iceberg.Properties
+
+       // EqualityFieldIDs lists the schema field IDs that an equality
+       // delete file matches on. Required when
+       // Content == [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] and MUST be empty
+       // for every other Content value. Every listed ID must be present in 
Schema.
+       EqualityFieldIDs []int
+
+       // FirstRowID sets the data file's first_row_id (row lineage, v3+).
+       //
+       // Leave it nil for newly-written files — row IDs are assigned by 
inheritance at commit;
+       // set only when re-registering an existing file whose first_row_id was 
previously assigned;
+       // always nil for delete files.
+       FirstRowID *int64
+
+       // ReferencedDataFile, when non-nil, records the single data file that a
+       // file-scoped position-delete file applies to (spec field 
referenced_data_file).
+       //
+       // It is only valid for position delete files. Leave it nil for data 
files, equality-delete files,
+       // and partition-scoped position deletes.
+       //
+       // For partition-scoped position deletes whose file_path column 
references more
+       // than one data file (cardinality > 1) — such a file has no single 
referenced data file.
+       ReferencedDataFile *string
+}
+
+// DataFileFromMetadata builds a fully populated [iceberg.DataFile] from a
+// file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object, extracting per-column
+// statistics (column_sizes, value_counts, null_value_counts, lower_bounds,
+// upper_bounds), split offsets, and the manifest-entry shape required for

Review Comment:
   [MAJOR] ReferencedDataFile is accepted based only on being non-empty, 
without checking that the position-delete file actually scopes to that data 
file. Please require field 2147483546 (file_path) to have lower and upper 
bounds that decode to the supplied reference when ReferencedDataFile is set; 
otherwise return an error.



##########
table/data_file_meta.go:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package table
+
+import (
+       "errors"
+       "fmt"
+
+       "github.com/apache/arrow-go/v18/parquet/metadata"
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go"
+       tblutils "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table/internal"
+)
+
+// DataFileArgs collects everything needed to compute a fully populated
+// [iceberg.DataFile] (data, equality-delete, or positional-delete) from
+// a file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object without performing
+// any filesystem reads.
+type DataFileArgs struct {
+       // Schema is the Iceberg schema the file's contents conform to.
+       // Per-column statistics are matched by leaf-column path: each file
+       // column's dotted path MUST equal the path derived from this schema's
+       // field names. Embedded field-id metadata in the file (e.g. the Parquet
+       // "PARQUET:field_id" key) is not consulted, so a column renamed 
relative
+       // to the file will not resolve.
+       Schema *iceberg.Schema
+
+       // Spec is the partition spec the resulting DataFile is bound to —
+       // typically tbl.Spec(). The zero value [iceberg.PartitionSpec]{} is
+       // equivalent to *iceberg.UnpartitionedSpec and is accepted for
+       // unpartitioned tables.
+       Spec iceberg.PartitionSpec
+
+       // Format identifies the on-disk file format and selects the internal
+       // FileFormat implementation used to extract per-column statistics from
+       // Metadata. It must match the concrete type of Metadata: the only 
supported
+       // combination today is [iceberg.ParquetFile] with a 
*metadata.FileMetaData.
+       Format iceberg.FileFormat
+
+       // Metadata is the format-specific, in-memory file metadata object 
produced
+       // by the external writer.
+       //
+       // Today only Format == [iceberg.ParquetFile] with 
*metadata.FileMetaData is supported
+       Metadata any
+
+       // FilePath is the fully qualified location the file bytes were
+       // written to (the same path that will be recorded in the manifest 
entry).
+       FilePath string
+
+       // FileSize is the byte length of the object at FilePath. Must be
+       // greater than zero.
+       FileSize int64
+
+       // Content selects which manifest-entry kind to produce — one of
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentData], [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] or
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentPosDeletes].
+       Content iceberg.ManifestEntryContent
+
+       // PartitionValues maps spec field ID → partition value. Every spec 
field
+       // must be present; leave nil/empty for unpartitioned tables, where any

Review Comment:
   [MINOR] The PartitionValues docs still read as contradictory: every spec 
field must be present, but nil means infer. Please clarify that 
present-with-nil is the inference signal, or change validation to treat absent 
keys as inference too.



##########
table/data_file_meta.go:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package table
+
+import (
+       "errors"
+       "fmt"
+
+       "github.com/apache/arrow-go/v18/parquet/metadata"
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go"
+       tblutils "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table/internal"
+)
+
+// DataFileArgs collects everything needed to compute a fully populated
+// [iceberg.DataFile] (data, equality-delete, or positional-delete) from
+// a file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object without performing
+// any filesystem reads.
+type DataFileArgs struct {
+       // Schema is the Iceberg schema the file's contents conform to.
+       // Per-column statistics are matched by leaf-column path: each file
+       // column's dotted path MUST equal the path derived from this schema's
+       // field names. Embedded field-id metadata in the file (e.g. the Parquet
+       // "PARQUET:field_id" key) is not consulted, so a column renamed 
relative
+       // to the file will not resolve.
+       Schema *iceberg.Schema
+
+       // Spec is the partition spec the resulting DataFile is bound to —
+       // typically tbl.Spec(). The zero value [iceberg.PartitionSpec]{} is
+       // equivalent to *iceberg.UnpartitionedSpec and is accepted for
+       // unpartitioned tables.
+       Spec iceberg.PartitionSpec
+
+       // Format identifies the on-disk file format and selects the internal
+       // FileFormat implementation used to extract per-column statistics from
+       // Metadata. It must match the concrete type of Metadata: the only 
supported
+       // combination today is [iceberg.ParquetFile] with a 
*metadata.FileMetaData.
+       Format iceberg.FileFormat
+
+       // Metadata is the format-specific, in-memory file metadata object 
produced
+       // by the external writer.
+       //
+       // Today only Format == [iceberg.ParquetFile] with 
*metadata.FileMetaData is supported
+       Metadata any
+
+       // FilePath is the fully qualified location the file bytes were
+       // written to (the same path that will be recorded in the manifest 
entry).
+       FilePath string
+
+       // FileSize is the byte length of the object at FilePath. Must be
+       // greater than zero.
+       FileSize int64
+
+       // Content selects which manifest-entry kind to produce — one of
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentData], [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] or
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentPosDeletes].
+       Content iceberg.ManifestEntryContent
+
+       // PartitionValues maps spec field ID → partition value. Every spec 
field
+       // must be present; leave nil/empty for unpartitioned tables, where any
+       // supplied value is rejected.
+       //
+       // Values must already be the transform results in the expected Go 
types.
+       // A nil value is treated as "not supplied" and is inferred from the 
file's
+       // column statistics; void-transform fields therefore should be nil (the
+       // void transform always yields null), though this is not enforced.
+       //
+       // This helper validates only that the supplied field IDs match the spec
+       // (every field present, no stray IDs); it does not coerce or type-check
+       // the values themselves. Callers are responsible for supplying values 
of
+       // the correct type.
+       PartitionValues map[int]any
+
+       // SortOrderID is the sort-order ID recorded on the manifest entry,
+       // typically tbl.SortOrder().OrderID(). Zero means "unsorted".
+       SortOrderID int
+
+       // Properties are consulted only for write-side metrics-mode keys
+       // (write.metadata.metrics.default and per-column
+       // write.metadata.metrics.column.<name> overrides) that decide
+       // which columns get full vs truncated vs no statistics. Pass
+       // tbl.Properties() for table-default behavior; nil is safe.
+       Properties iceberg.Properties
+
+       // EqualityFieldIDs lists the schema field IDs that an equality
+       // delete file matches on. Required when
+       // Content == [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] and MUST be empty
+       // for every other Content value. Every listed ID must be present in 
Schema.
+       EqualityFieldIDs []int
+
+       // FirstRowID sets the data file's first_row_id (row lineage, v3+).
+       //
+       // Leave it nil for newly-written files — row IDs are assigned by 
inheritance at commit;
+       // set only when re-registering an existing file whose first_row_id was 
previously assigned;
+       // always nil for delete files.
+       FirstRowID *int64
+
+       // ReferencedDataFile, when non-nil, records the single data file that a
+       // file-scoped position-delete file applies to (spec field 
referenced_data_file).
+       //
+       // It is only valid for position delete files. Leave it nil for data 
files, equality-delete files,
+       // and partition-scoped position deletes.
+       //
+       // For partition-scoped position deletes whose file_path column 
references more
+       // than one data file (cardinality > 1) — such a file has no single 
referenced data file.
+       ReferencedDataFile *string
+}
+
+// DataFileFromMetadata builds a fully populated [iceberg.DataFile] from a
+// file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object, extracting per-column
+// statistics (column_sizes, value_counts, null_value_counts, lower_bounds,
+// upper_bounds), split offsets, and the manifest-entry shape required for
+// the requested content type. The format-specific extraction is dispatched
+// through the internal FileFormat interface; no filesystem reads are
+// performed.
+//
+// The returned DataFile is intended to be handed to
+// [Transaction.AddDataFiles] (data files) or [Transaction.NewRowDelta]
+// (delete files); it is NOT committed automatically. The file bytes
+// described by args.Metadata must already have been uploaded to
+// args.FilePath.
+//
+// Scope and limitations:
+//   - Only Parquet is supported today (args.Format must be
+//     [iceberg.ParquetFile] and args.Metadata a *metadata.FileMetaData).
+//   - All three manifest-entry contents are supported end to end: data,
+//     equality deletes, and positional deletes.
+//   - Row lineage is supported: a data file's first_row_id can be set via
+//     DataFileArgs.FirstRowID for format-version-3+ tables.
+//   - Iceberg v3 deletion vectors (Puffin DVs) are not supported in this
+//     helper function; it emits only Parquet position-delete files. A
+//     file-scoped position delete may still record its target via
+//     DataFileArgs.ReferencedDataFile; partition-scoped deletes leave it nil,
+//     in which case engines may infer scoping from the file_path column 
bounds.
+func DataFileFromMetadata(args DataFileArgs) (iceberg.DataFile, error) {
+       if args.Schema == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("schema is required")
+       }
+       // Both nil checks are intentional:
+       //   - args.Metadata == nil catches an unset interface, while
+       //   - pqMeta == nil below catches a typed-nil 
(*metadata.FileMetaData)(nil)
+       if args.Metadata == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("file metadata is required")
+       }
+       pqMeta, ok := args.Metadata.(*metadata.FileMetaData)
+       if !ok {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+                       "unsupported metadata type: expected 
*metadata.FileMetaData, got %T",
+                       args.Metadata)
+       }
+       if pqMeta == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("metadata pointer is nil")
+       }
+       if args.FilePath == "" {
+               return nil, errors.New("file path is required")
+       }
+       if args.FileSize <= 0 {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("file size must be greater than 0, got 
%d", args.FileSize)
+       }
+
+       switch args.Content {
+       case iceberg.EntryContentData,
+               iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes,
+               iceberg.EntryContentPosDeletes:
+       default:
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid content: %v", args.Content)
+       }
+
+       if args.Content == iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes && 
len(args.EqualityFieldIDs) == 0 {
+               return nil, errors.New("EqualityFieldIDs is required for 
equality-delete files")

Review Comment:
   [NIT] Error strings use exported field-name casing inconsistently (for 
example EqualityFieldIDs/FirstRowID/ReferencedDataFile). Consider normalizing 
these messages if you touch this area again.



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