laskoviymishka commented on code in PR #1214:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg-go/pull/1214#discussion_r3449057492


##########
table/data_file_meta.go:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package table
+
+import (
+       "errors"
+       "fmt"
+
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go"
+       tblutils "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table/internal"
+)
+
+// DataFileArgs collects everything needed to compute a fully populated
+// [iceberg.DataFile] (data, equality-delete, or positional-delete) from
+// a file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object without performing
+// any filesystem reads.
+type DataFileArgs struct {
+       // Schema is the Iceberg schema the file's contents conform to. The
+       // file's columns MUST carry per-leaf field-ID metadata whose values
+       // match this schema's field IDs (for Parquet this is the
+       // "PARQUET:field_id" key on each leaf).
+       Schema *iceberg.Schema
+
+       // Spec is the partition spec the resulting DataFile is bound to —
+       // typically tbl.Spec(). For an unpartitioned table pass
+       // *iceberg.UnpartitionedSpec.
+       Spec iceberg.PartitionSpec
+
+       // Format identifies the on-disk file format of the file being
+       // described and selects the internal FileFormat implementation used
+       // to extract per-column statistics from Metadata.
+       Format iceberg.FileFormat
+
+       // Metadata is the format-specific, in-memory file metadata object
+       // produced by the external writer (for example
+       // *parquet/metadata.FileMetaData when Format is
+       // [iceberg.ParquetFile]).
+       Metadata any
+
+       // FilePath is the fully qualified location the file bytes were
+       // written to (the same path that will be recorded in the manifest 
entry).
+       FilePath string
+
+       // FileSize is the byte length of the object at FilePath. Must be
+       // greater than zero.
+       FileSize int64
+
+       // Content selects which manifest-entry kind to produce — one of
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentData], [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] or
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentPosDeletes].
+       Content iceberg.ManifestEntryContent
+
+       // PartitionValues maps spec field ID → partition value. Required when 
Spec
+       // is partitioned; leave nil/empty for unpartitioned tables.
+       PartitionValues map[int]any
+
+       // SortOrderID is the sort-order ID recorded on the manifest entry,
+       // typically tbl.SortOrder().OrderID(). Zero means "unsorted".
+       SortOrderID int
+
+       // Properties are consulted only for write-side metrics-mode keys
+       // (write.metadata.metrics.default and per-column
+       // write.metadata.metrics.column.<name> overrides) that decide
+       // which columns get full vs truncated vs no statistics. Pass
+       // tbl.Properties() for table-default behavior; nil is safe.
+       Properties iceberg.Properties
+
+       // EqualityFieldIDs lists the schema field IDs that an equality
+       // delete file matches on. Required when
+       // Content == [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] and MUST be empty
+       // for every other Content value.
+       EqualityFieldIDs []int
+}
+
+// DataFileFromMetadata builds a fully populated [iceberg.DataFile] from a
+// file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object, extracting per-column
+// statistics (column_sizes, value_counts, null_value_counts, lower_bounds,
+// upper_bounds), split offsets, and the manifest-entry shape required for
+// the requested content type. The format-specific extraction is dispatched
+// through the internal FileFormat interface; no filesystem reads are
+// performed.
+//
+// The returned DataFile is intended to be handed to
+// [Transaction.AddDataFiles] (data files) or [Transaction.NewRowDelta]
+// (delete files); it is NOT committed automatically. The file bytes
+// described by args.Metadata must already have been uploaded to
+// args.FilePath.
+func DataFileFromMetadata(args DataFileArgs) (iceberg.DataFile, error) {
+       if args.Schema == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("schema is required")
+       }
+       if args.Metadata == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("file metadata is required")
+       }
+       if args.FilePath == "" {
+               return nil, errors.New("file path is required")
+       }
+       if args.FileSize <= 0 {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("file size must be greater than 0, got 
%d", args.FileSize)
+       }
+
+       switch args.Content {
+       case iceberg.EntryContentData,
+               iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes,
+               iceberg.EntryContentPosDeletes:
+       default:
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid content: %v", args.Content)
+       }
+
+       if args.Content == iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes && 
len(args.EqualityFieldIDs) == 0 {
+               return nil, errors.New("equalityFieldIDs is required for 
equality-delete files")
+       }
+       if args.Content != iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes && 
len(args.EqualityFieldIDs) > 0 {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("equalityFieldIDs must be empty for 
content %v", args.Content)
+       }
+
+       format := tblutils.GetFileFormat(args.Format)
+       if format == nil {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported file format: %s", 
args.Format)
+       }
+
+       statsPlan, err := computeStatsPlan(args.Schema, args.Properties)
+       if err != nil {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to build stats plan: %w", err)
+       }
+
+       pathMapping, err := format.PathToIDMapping(args.Schema)
+       if err != nil {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to build path mapping: %w", err)
+       }
+
+       stats := format.DataFileStatsFromMeta(
+               args.Metadata,
+               statsPlan,
+               pathMapping,
+               tblutils.VariantFieldIDsFromSchema(args.Schema),
+       )
+       if stats == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("failed to build data file stats from 
metadata")
+       }
+
+       if len(args.EqualityFieldIDs) > 0 {
+               stats.EqualityFieldIDs = append(stats.EqualityFieldIDs, 
args.EqualityFieldIDs...)
+       }
+
+       partitionValues := args.PartitionValues
+       if partitionValues == nil {
+               partitionValues = make(map[int]any)
+       }
+
+       df := stats.ToDataFile(tblutils.DataFileOpts{
+               Schema:          args.Schema,
+               Spec:            args.Spec,
+               Path:            args.FilePath,
+               Format:          args.Format,
+               Content:         args.Content,
+               FileSize:        args.FileSize,
+               PartitionValues: partitionValues,
+               SortOrderID:     args.SortOrderID,

Review Comment:
   Positional deletes need a null sort order id, and we pass `args.SortOrderID` 
unconditionally here.
   
   The spec requires pos-delete files to set sort order id to null, and our own 
writer enforces this at `writer.go:134` ("position delete file claims sort 
order id %d; the spec requires a null sort order id"). This helper happily 
accepts a nonzero `SortOrderID` for `EntryContentPosDeletes` and produces a 
file the writer would have rejected.
   
   I'd return an error when `Content == EntryContentPosDeletes && SortOrderID 
!= UnsortedSortOrderID` so the two paths agree.
   



##########
table/data_file_meta.go:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package table
+
+import (
+       "errors"
+       "fmt"
+
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go"
+       tblutils "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table/internal"
+)
+
+// DataFileArgs collects everything needed to compute a fully populated
+// [iceberg.DataFile] (data, equality-delete, or positional-delete) from
+// a file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object without performing
+// any filesystem reads.
+type DataFileArgs struct {
+       // Schema is the Iceberg schema the file's contents conform to. The
+       // file's columns MUST carry per-leaf field-ID metadata whose values
+       // match this schema's field IDs (for Parquet this is the
+       // "PARQUET:field_id" key on each leaf).
+       Schema *iceberg.Schema
+
+       // Spec is the partition spec the resulting DataFile is bound to —
+       // typically tbl.Spec(). For an unpartitioned table pass
+       // *iceberg.UnpartitionedSpec.
+       Spec iceberg.PartitionSpec
+
+       // Format identifies the on-disk file format of the file being
+       // described and selects the internal FileFormat implementation used
+       // to extract per-column statistics from Metadata.
+       Format iceberg.FileFormat
+
+       // Metadata is the format-specific, in-memory file metadata object
+       // produced by the external writer (for example
+       // *parquet/metadata.FileMetaData when Format is
+       // [iceberg.ParquetFile]).
+       Metadata any
+
+       // FilePath is the fully qualified location the file bytes were
+       // written to (the same path that will be recorded in the manifest 
entry).
+       FilePath string
+
+       // FileSize is the byte length of the object at FilePath. Must be
+       // greater than zero.
+       FileSize int64
+
+       // Content selects which manifest-entry kind to produce — one of
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentData], [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] or
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentPosDeletes].
+       Content iceberg.ManifestEntryContent
+
+       // PartitionValues maps spec field ID → partition value. Required when 
Spec
+       // is partitioned; leave nil/empty for unpartitioned tables.
+       PartitionValues map[int]any
+
+       // SortOrderID is the sort-order ID recorded on the manifest entry,
+       // typically tbl.SortOrder().OrderID(). Zero means "unsorted".
+       SortOrderID int
+
+       // Properties are consulted only for write-side metrics-mode keys
+       // (write.metadata.metrics.default and per-column
+       // write.metadata.metrics.column.<name> overrides) that decide
+       // which columns get full vs truncated vs no statistics. Pass
+       // tbl.Properties() for table-default behavior; nil is safe.
+       Properties iceberg.Properties
+
+       // EqualityFieldIDs lists the schema field IDs that an equality
+       // delete file matches on. Required when
+       // Content == [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] and MUST be empty
+       // for every other Content value.
+       EqualityFieldIDs []int
+}
+
+// DataFileFromMetadata builds a fully populated [iceberg.DataFile] from a
+// file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object, extracting per-column
+// statistics (column_sizes, value_counts, null_value_counts, lower_bounds,
+// upper_bounds), split offsets, and the manifest-entry shape required for
+// the requested content type. The format-specific extraction is dispatched
+// through the internal FileFormat interface; no filesystem reads are
+// performed.
+//
+// The returned DataFile is intended to be handed to
+// [Transaction.AddDataFiles] (data files) or [Transaction.NewRowDelta]
+// (delete files); it is NOT committed automatically. The file bytes
+// described by args.Metadata must already have been uploaded to
+// args.FilePath.
+func DataFileFromMetadata(args DataFileArgs) (iceberg.DataFile, error) {
+       if args.Schema == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("schema is required")
+       }
+       if args.Metadata == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("file metadata is required")
+       }
+       if args.FilePath == "" {
+               return nil, errors.New("file path is required")
+       }
+       if args.FileSize <= 0 {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("file size must be greater than 0, got 
%d", args.FileSize)
+       }
+
+       switch args.Content {
+       case iceberg.EntryContentData,
+               iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes,
+               iceberg.EntryContentPosDeletes:
+       default:
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid content: %v", args.Content)
+       }
+
+       if args.Content == iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes && 
len(args.EqualityFieldIDs) == 0 {
+               return nil, errors.New("equalityFieldIDs is required for 
equality-delete files")
+       }
+       if args.Content != iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes && 
len(args.EqualityFieldIDs) > 0 {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("equalityFieldIDs must be empty for 
content %v", args.Content)
+       }
+
+       format := tblutils.GetFileFormat(args.Format)
+       if format == nil {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported file format: %s", 
args.Format)
+       }
+
+       statsPlan, err := computeStatsPlan(args.Schema, args.Properties)
+       if err != nil {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to build stats plan: %w", err)
+       }
+
+       pathMapping, err := format.PathToIDMapping(args.Schema)
+       if err != nil {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to build path mapping: %w", err)
+       }
+
+       stats := format.DataFileStatsFromMeta(

Review Comment:
   This is a public function that can panic instead of returning an error, and 
the `stats == nil` guard doesn't catch the real risk.
   
   `DataFileStatsFromMeta` does a hard `meta.(*metadata.FileMetaData)` 
assertion — pass any other concrete type with `Format: ParquetFile` and it 
panics, never reaching the nil check. The column-mapping path inside it and the 
multi-value `PartitionValue()` path inside `ToDataFile` panic too. Internally 
this is fine because `filesToDataFiles` wraps `fileToDataFile` in `recover()`, 
but here there's no net, so a bad arg crashes the caller's goroutine.
   
   I'd at minimum comma-ok the metadata type up front and return something like 
`fmt.Errorf("unsupported metadata type for %s: %T", args.Format, 
args.Metadata)`, and wrap the body in a deferred `recover()` that converts the 
deeper panics into error returns. wdyt?
   



##########
table/data_file_meta.go:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package table
+
+import (
+       "errors"
+       "fmt"
+
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go"
+       tblutils "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table/internal"
+)
+
+// DataFileArgs collects everything needed to compute a fully populated
+// [iceberg.DataFile] (data, equality-delete, or positional-delete) from
+// a file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object without performing
+// any filesystem reads.
+type DataFileArgs struct {
+       // Schema is the Iceberg schema the file's contents conform to. The
+       // file's columns MUST carry per-leaf field-ID metadata whose values
+       // match this schema's field IDs (for Parquet this is the
+       // "PARQUET:field_id" key on each leaf).
+       Schema *iceberg.Schema
+
+       // Spec is the partition spec the resulting DataFile is bound to —
+       // typically tbl.Spec(). For an unpartitioned table pass
+       // *iceberg.UnpartitionedSpec.
+       Spec iceberg.PartitionSpec
+
+       // Format identifies the on-disk file format of the file being
+       // described and selects the internal FileFormat implementation used
+       // to extract per-column statistics from Metadata.
+       Format iceberg.FileFormat
+
+       // Metadata is the format-specific, in-memory file metadata object
+       // produced by the external writer (for example
+       // *parquet/metadata.FileMetaData when Format is
+       // [iceberg.ParquetFile]).
+       Metadata any
+
+       // FilePath is the fully qualified location the file bytes were
+       // written to (the same path that will be recorded in the manifest 
entry).
+       FilePath string
+
+       // FileSize is the byte length of the object at FilePath. Must be
+       // greater than zero.
+       FileSize int64
+
+       // Content selects which manifest-entry kind to produce — one of
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentData], [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] or
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentPosDeletes].
+       Content iceberg.ManifestEntryContent
+
+       // PartitionValues maps spec field ID → partition value. Required when 
Spec
+       // is partitioned; leave nil/empty for unpartitioned tables.
+       PartitionValues map[int]any
+
+       // SortOrderID is the sort-order ID recorded on the manifest entry,
+       // typically tbl.SortOrder().OrderID(). Zero means "unsorted".
+       SortOrderID int
+
+       // Properties are consulted only for write-side metrics-mode keys
+       // (write.metadata.metrics.default and per-column
+       // write.metadata.metrics.column.<name> overrides) that decide
+       // which columns get full vs truncated vs no statistics. Pass
+       // tbl.Properties() for table-default behavior; nil is safe.
+       Properties iceberg.Properties
+
+       // EqualityFieldIDs lists the schema field IDs that an equality
+       // delete file matches on. Required when
+       // Content == [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] and MUST be empty
+       // for every other Content value.
+       EqualityFieldIDs []int
+}
+
+// DataFileFromMetadata builds a fully populated [iceberg.DataFile] from a
+// file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object, extracting per-column
+// statistics (column_sizes, value_counts, null_value_counts, lower_bounds,
+// upper_bounds), split offsets, and the manifest-entry shape required for
+// the requested content type. The format-specific extraction is dispatched
+// through the internal FileFormat interface; no filesystem reads are
+// performed.
+//
+// The returned DataFile is intended to be handed to
+// [Transaction.AddDataFiles] (data files) or [Transaction.NewRowDelta]
+// (delete files); it is NOT committed automatically. The file bytes
+// described by args.Metadata must already have been uploaded to
+// args.FilePath.
+func DataFileFromMetadata(args DataFileArgs) (iceberg.DataFile, error) {
+       if args.Schema == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("schema is required")
+       }
+       if args.Metadata == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("file metadata is required")
+       }
+       if args.FilePath == "" {
+               return nil, errors.New("file path is required")
+       }
+       if args.FileSize <= 0 {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("file size must be greater than 0, got 
%d", args.FileSize)
+       }
+
+       switch args.Content {
+       case iceberg.EntryContentData,
+               iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes,
+               iceberg.EntryContentPosDeletes:
+       default:
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid content: %v", args.Content)
+       }
+
+       if args.Content == iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes && 
len(args.EqualityFieldIDs) == 0 {
+               return nil, errors.New("equalityFieldIDs is required for 
equality-delete files")
+       }
+       if args.Content != iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes && 
len(args.EqualityFieldIDs) > 0 {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("equalityFieldIDs must be empty for 
content %v", args.Content)
+       }
+
+       format := tblutils.GetFileFormat(args.Format)
+       if format == nil {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported file format: %s", 
args.Format)
+       }
+
+       statsPlan, err := computeStatsPlan(args.Schema, args.Properties)
+       if err != nil {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to build stats plan: %w", err)
+       }
+
+       pathMapping, err := format.PathToIDMapping(args.Schema)
+       if err != nil {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to build path mapping: %w", err)
+       }
+
+       stats := format.DataFileStatsFromMeta(
+               args.Metadata,
+               statsPlan,
+               pathMapping,
+               tblutils.VariantFieldIDsFromSchema(args.Schema),
+       )
+       if stats == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("failed to build data file stats from 
metadata")
+       }
+
+       if len(args.EqualityFieldIDs) > 0 {
+               stats.EqualityFieldIDs = append(stats.EqualityFieldIDs, 
args.EqualityFieldIDs...)

Review Comment:
   `stats.EqualityFieldIDs` is always nil coming out of 
`DataFileStatsFromMeta`, so the `append` is just a misleading way to write an 
assignment — it implies accumulation that isn't happening, and if 
`DataFileStatsFromMeta` ever does populate it we'd silently duplicate. The 
internal write path uses a direct assignment; I'd match it:
   
   ```go
   stats.EqualityFieldIDs = args.EqualityFieldIDs
   ```
   



##########
table/data_file_meta.go:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package table
+
+import (
+       "errors"
+       "fmt"
+
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go"
+       tblutils "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table/internal"
+)
+
+// DataFileArgs collects everything needed to compute a fully populated
+// [iceberg.DataFile] (data, equality-delete, or positional-delete) from
+// a file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object without performing
+// any filesystem reads.
+type DataFileArgs struct {
+       // Schema is the Iceberg schema the file's contents conform to. The
+       // file's columns MUST carry per-leaf field-ID metadata whose values
+       // match this schema's field IDs (for Parquet this is the
+       // "PARQUET:field_id" key on each leaf).
+       Schema *iceberg.Schema
+
+       // Spec is the partition spec the resulting DataFile is bound to —
+       // typically tbl.Spec(). For an unpartitioned table pass
+       // *iceberg.UnpartitionedSpec.
+       Spec iceberg.PartitionSpec
+
+       // Format identifies the on-disk file format of the file being
+       // described and selects the internal FileFormat implementation used
+       // to extract per-column statistics from Metadata.
+       Format iceberg.FileFormat
+
+       // Metadata is the format-specific, in-memory file metadata object
+       // produced by the external writer (for example
+       // *parquet/metadata.FileMetaData when Format is
+       // [iceberg.ParquetFile]).
+       Metadata any
+
+       // FilePath is the fully qualified location the file bytes were
+       // written to (the same path that will be recorded in the manifest 
entry).
+       FilePath string
+
+       // FileSize is the byte length of the object at FilePath. Must be
+       // greater than zero.
+       FileSize int64
+
+       // Content selects which manifest-entry kind to produce — one of
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentData], [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] or
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentPosDeletes].
+       Content iceberg.ManifestEntryContent
+
+       // PartitionValues maps spec field ID → partition value. Required when 
Spec
+       // is partitioned; leave nil/empty for unpartitioned tables.
+       PartitionValues map[int]any
+
+       // SortOrderID is the sort-order ID recorded on the manifest entry,
+       // typically tbl.SortOrder().OrderID(). Zero means "unsorted".
+       SortOrderID int
+
+       // Properties are consulted only for write-side metrics-mode keys
+       // (write.metadata.metrics.default and per-column
+       // write.metadata.metrics.column.<name> overrides) that decide
+       // which columns get full vs truncated vs no statistics. Pass
+       // tbl.Properties() for table-default behavior; nil is safe.
+       Properties iceberg.Properties
+
+       // EqualityFieldIDs lists the schema field IDs that an equality
+       // delete file matches on. Required when
+       // Content == [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] and MUST be empty
+       // for every other Content value.
+       EqualityFieldIDs []int
+}
+
+// DataFileFromMetadata builds a fully populated [iceberg.DataFile] from a
+// file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object, extracting per-column
+// statistics (column_sizes, value_counts, null_value_counts, lower_bounds,
+// upper_bounds), split offsets, and the manifest-entry shape required for
+// the requested content type. The format-specific extraction is dispatched
+// through the internal FileFormat interface; no filesystem reads are
+// performed.
+//
+// The returned DataFile is intended to be handed to
+// [Transaction.AddDataFiles] (data files) or [Transaction.NewRowDelta]
+// (delete files); it is NOT committed automatically. The file bytes
+// described by args.Metadata must already have been uploaded to
+// args.FilePath.
+func DataFileFromMetadata(args DataFileArgs) (iceberg.DataFile, error) {
+       if args.Schema == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("schema is required")
+       }
+       if args.Metadata == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("file metadata is required")
+       }
+       if args.FilePath == "" {
+               return nil, errors.New("file path is required")
+       }
+       if args.FileSize <= 0 {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("file size must be greater than 0, got 
%d", args.FileSize)
+       }
+
+       switch args.Content {
+       case iceberg.EntryContentData,
+               iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes,
+               iceberg.EntryContentPosDeletes:
+       default:
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid content: %v", args.Content)
+       }
+
+       if args.Content == iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes && 
len(args.EqualityFieldIDs) == 0 {
+               return nil, errors.New("equalityFieldIDs is required for 
equality-delete files")
+       }
+       if args.Content != iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes && 
len(args.EqualityFieldIDs) > 0 {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("equalityFieldIDs must be empty for 
content %v", args.Content)
+       }
+
+       format := tblutils.GetFileFormat(args.Format)
+       if format == nil {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported file format: %s", 
args.Format)
+       }
+
+       statsPlan, err := computeStatsPlan(args.Schema, args.Properties)
+       if err != nil {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to build stats plan: %w", err)
+       }
+
+       pathMapping, err := format.PathToIDMapping(args.Schema)
+       if err != nil {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to build path mapping: %w", err)
+       }
+
+       stats := format.DataFileStatsFromMeta(
+               args.Metadata,
+               statsPlan,
+               pathMapping,
+               tblutils.VariantFieldIDsFromSchema(args.Schema),
+       )
+       if stats == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("failed to build data file stats from 
metadata")
+       }
+
+       if len(args.EqualityFieldIDs) > 0 {
+               stats.EqualityFieldIDs = append(stats.EqualityFieldIDs, 
args.EqualityFieldIDs...)
+       }
+
+       partitionValues := args.PartitionValues
+       if partitionValues == nil {
+               partitionValues = make(map[int]any)
+       }
+
+       df := stats.ToDataFile(tblutils.DataFileOpts{

Review Comment:
   `FirstRowID` never gets set, which means the result is dead on arrival for 
v3 tables.
   
   `Transaction.AddDataFiles` enforces that every `DataFile` carries a 
`FirstRowID` on format-version-3 tables, and this helper is documented as the 
entry point into exactly that. So a v3 caller following the godoc gets an 
immediate rejection at commit.
   
   I'd add a `FirstRowID *int64` to `DataFileArgs` and plumb it through to the 
builder, with a doc note that it's required for v3. Thoughts?
   



##########
table/data_file_meta.go:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package table
+
+import (
+       "errors"
+       "fmt"
+
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go"
+       tblutils "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table/internal"
+)
+
+// DataFileArgs collects everything needed to compute a fully populated
+// [iceberg.DataFile] (data, equality-delete, or positional-delete) from
+// a file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object without performing
+// any filesystem reads.
+type DataFileArgs struct {
+       // Schema is the Iceberg schema the file's contents conform to. The
+       // file's columns MUST carry per-leaf field-ID metadata whose values
+       // match this schema's field IDs (for Parquet this is the
+       // "PARQUET:field_id" key on each leaf).
+       Schema *iceberg.Schema
+
+       // Spec is the partition spec the resulting DataFile is bound to —
+       // typically tbl.Spec(). For an unpartitioned table pass
+       // *iceberg.UnpartitionedSpec.
+       Spec iceberg.PartitionSpec

Review Comment:
   There's no validation that partition values line up with the spec, and the 
failure modes here are bad.
   
   A zero-value `PartitionSpec{}` equals the unpartitioned spec, so a caller 
who forgets `Spec` on a partitioned table silently gets a `DataFile` with no 
partition info — which breaks partition pruning on other clients and only 
surfaces as a `validateDataFilePartitionData` failure at commit. Worse, if they 
do supply `PartitionValues` but the file spans more than one value for a field, 
`ToDataFile → PartitionValue()` panics (see the recover comment above).
   
   I'd validate that when `Spec` is partitioned, `PartitionValues` has an entry 
per field, and return an error rather than deferring to a commit-time failure 
or a crash. Also a small doc nit: the comment says pass 
`*iceberg.UnpartitionedSpec` but the field is a value `iceberg.PartitionSpec` — 
the zero value is already equivalent, so I'd just say that.
   



##########
table/data_file_meta.go:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package table
+
+import (
+       "errors"
+       "fmt"
+
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go"
+       tblutils "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table/internal"
+)
+
+// DataFileArgs collects everything needed to compute a fully populated
+// [iceberg.DataFile] (data, equality-delete, or positional-delete) from
+// a file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object without performing
+// any filesystem reads.
+type DataFileArgs struct {
+       // Schema is the Iceberg schema the file's contents conform to. The
+       // file's columns MUST carry per-leaf field-ID metadata whose values
+       // match this schema's field IDs (for Parquet this is the
+       // "PARQUET:field_id" key on each leaf).
+       Schema *iceberg.Schema
+
+       // Spec is the partition spec the resulting DataFile is bound to —
+       // typically tbl.Spec(). For an unpartitioned table pass
+       // *iceberg.UnpartitionedSpec.
+       Spec iceberg.PartitionSpec
+
+       // Format identifies the on-disk file format of the file being
+       // described and selects the internal FileFormat implementation used
+       // to extract per-column statistics from Metadata.
+       Format iceberg.FileFormat
+
+       // Metadata is the format-specific, in-memory file metadata object
+       // produced by the external writer (for example
+       // *parquet/metadata.FileMetaData when Format is
+       // [iceberg.ParquetFile]).
+       Metadata any
+
+       // FilePath is the fully qualified location the file bytes were
+       // written to (the same path that will be recorded in the manifest 
entry).
+       FilePath string
+
+       // FileSize is the byte length of the object at FilePath. Must be
+       // greater than zero.
+       FileSize int64
+
+       // Content selects which manifest-entry kind to produce — one of
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentData], [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] or
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentPosDeletes].
+       Content iceberg.ManifestEntryContent
+
+       // PartitionValues maps spec field ID → partition value. Required when 
Spec
+       // is partitioned; leave nil/empty for unpartitioned tables.
+       PartitionValues map[int]any
+
+       // SortOrderID is the sort-order ID recorded on the manifest entry,
+       // typically tbl.SortOrder().OrderID(). Zero means "unsorted".
+       SortOrderID int
+
+       // Properties are consulted only for write-side metrics-mode keys
+       // (write.metadata.metrics.default and per-column
+       // write.metadata.metrics.column.<name> overrides) that decide
+       // which columns get full vs truncated vs no statistics. Pass
+       // tbl.Properties() for table-default behavior; nil is safe.
+       Properties iceberg.Properties
+
+       // EqualityFieldIDs lists the schema field IDs that an equality
+       // delete file matches on. Required when
+       // Content == [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] and MUST be empty
+       // for every other Content value.
+       EqualityFieldIDs []int
+}
+
+// DataFileFromMetadata builds a fully populated [iceberg.DataFile] from a
+// file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object, extracting per-column
+// statistics (column_sizes, value_counts, null_value_counts, lower_bounds,
+// upper_bounds), split offsets, and the manifest-entry shape required for
+// the requested content type. The format-specific extraction is dispatched
+// through the internal FileFormat interface; no filesystem reads are
+// performed.
+//
+// The returned DataFile is intended to be handed to
+// [Transaction.AddDataFiles] (data files) or [Transaction.NewRowDelta]
+// (delete files); it is NOT committed automatically. The file bytes
+// described by args.Metadata must already have been uploaded to
+// args.FilePath.
+func DataFileFromMetadata(args DataFileArgs) (iceberg.DataFile, error) {
+       if args.Schema == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("schema is required")
+       }
+       if args.Metadata == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("file metadata is required")
+       }
+       if args.FilePath == "" {
+               return nil, errors.New("file path is required")
+       }
+       if args.FileSize <= 0 {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("file size must be greater than 0, got 
%d", args.FileSize)
+       }
+
+       switch args.Content {

Review Comment:
   We validate `Content` shape but never validate the field IDs against the 
schema, which is the check the real writers do.
   
   For eq-deletes the spec says every id in `equality_ids` must be present in 
the delete file, and `equality_delete_writer.go:44` validates exactly that at 
write time; here we accept any ints. For pos-deletes the spec mandates the 
reserved field IDs (`2147483546`/`2147483545`) and we never check the schema 
matches `iceberg.PositionalDeleteSchema`. Either way an invalid file gets built 
and is only caught at `RowDelta.Commit`, after the bytes are already uploaded.
   
   I'd loop the `EqualityFieldIDs` through `args.Schema.FindFieldByID` for the 
eq case, and verify schema compatibility with `PositionalDeleteSchema` for the 
pos case. wdyt?
   



##########
table/data_file_meta_test.go:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package table_test
+
+import (
+       "bytes"
+       "strings"
+       "testing"
+
+       "github.com/apache/arrow-go/v18/arrow/array"
+       "github.com/apache/arrow-go/v18/arrow/memory"
+       "github.com/apache/arrow-go/v18/parquet"
+       "github.com/apache/arrow-go/v18/parquet/file"
+       "github.com/apache/arrow-go/v18/parquet/metadata"
+       "github.com/apache/arrow-go/v18/parquet/pqarrow"
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go"
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table"
+       "github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+       "github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func parquetMetaFromSchema(t *testing.T, sch *iceberg.Schema, jsonRows string) 
([]byte, *metadata.FileMetaData) {
+       t.Helper()
+
+       arrowSch, err := table.SchemaToArrowSchema(sch, nil, true, false)
+       require.NoError(t, err)
+
+       rec, _, err := array.RecordFromJSON(memory.DefaultAllocator, arrowSch, 
strings.NewReader(jsonRows))
+       require.NoError(t, err)
+       defer rec.Release()
+
+       var buf bytes.Buffer
+       wr, err := pqarrow.NewFileWriter(arrowSch, &buf,
+               parquet.NewWriterProperties(parquet.WithStats(true)),
+               pqarrow.DefaultWriterProps())
+       require.NoError(t, err)
+       require.NoError(t, wr.Write(rec))
+       require.NoError(t, wr.Close())
+
+       rdr, err := file.NewParquetReader(bytes.NewReader(buf.Bytes()))
+       require.NoError(t, err)
+       defer rdr.Close()
+
+       return buf.Bytes(), rdr.MetaData()
+}
+
+func TestDataFileFromMetadata_DataFile(t *testing.T) {
+       sch := iceberg.NewSchema(0,
+               iceberg.NestedField{ID: 1, Name: "id", Type: 
iceberg.PrimitiveTypes.Int32, Required: false},
+               iceberg.NestedField{ID: 2, Name: "name", Type: 
iceberg.PrimitiveTypes.String, Required: false},
+       )
+       spec := iceberg.NewPartitionSpec()
+
+       const jsonRows = `[
+               {"id": 1, "name": "alpha"},
+               {"id": 2, "name": "beta"},
+               {"id": 3, "name": "gamma"}
+       ]`
+
+       pqBytes, pqMeta := parquetMetaFromSchema(t, sch, jsonRows)
+
+       const filePath = "s3://bucket/data/test-data-001.parquet"
+
+       df, err := table.DataFileFromMetadata(table.DataFileArgs{
+               Schema:   sch,
+               Spec:     spec,
+               Format:   iceberg.ParquetFile,
+               Metadata: pqMeta,
+               FilePath: filePath,
+               FileSize: int64(len(pqBytes)),
+               Content:  iceberg.EntryContentData,
+       })
+       require.NoError(t, err)
+       require.NotNil(t, df)
+
+       assert.Equal(t, iceberg.EntryContentData, df.ContentType())
+       assert.Equal(t, iceberg.ParquetFile, df.FileFormat())
+       assert.Equal(t, filePath, df.FilePath())
+       assert.Equal(t, int64(len(pqBytes)), df.FileSizeBytes())
+       assert.EqualValues(t, 3, df.Count())
+
+       assert.Len(t, df.ValueCounts(), 2, "one value-count entry per column")

Review Comment:
   These assertions only check that the bounds maps have two entries — they'd 
pass even if every bound were zeroed or the min/max were swapped, so the stats 
path isn't really being exercised.
   
   For `id` 1-3 and `name` alpha/gamma the bounds are computable, so I'd decode 
at least one field with `iceberg.LiteralFromBytes` and assert the actual 
lower/upper values. While we're here, all three tests are happy-path and 
near-identical skeletons — I'd fold them into one table-driven 
`TestDataFileFromMetadata` with subtests and add the error cases (nil schema, 
nil/wrong-type metadata, empty path, non-positive size, invalid content, 
eq-delete with empty `EqualityFieldIDs`). Several of those paths panic today 
rather than error, so the table is how a fix here actually gets caught.
   



##########
table/data_file_meta.go:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package table
+
+import (
+       "errors"
+       "fmt"
+
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go"
+       tblutils "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table/internal"
+)
+
+// DataFileArgs collects everything needed to compute a fully populated
+// [iceberg.DataFile] (data, equality-delete, or positional-delete) from
+// a file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object without performing
+// any filesystem reads.
+type DataFileArgs struct {
+       // Schema is the Iceberg schema the file's contents conform to. The
+       // file's columns MUST carry per-leaf field-ID metadata whose values
+       // match this schema's field IDs (for Parquet this is the
+       // "PARQUET:field_id" key on each leaf).
+       Schema *iceberg.Schema
+
+       // Spec is the partition spec the resulting DataFile is bound to —
+       // typically tbl.Spec(). For an unpartitioned table pass
+       // *iceberg.UnpartitionedSpec.
+       Spec iceberg.PartitionSpec
+
+       // Format identifies the on-disk file format of the file being
+       // described and selects the internal FileFormat implementation used
+       // to extract per-column statistics from Metadata.
+       Format iceberg.FileFormat
+
+       // Metadata is the format-specific, in-memory file metadata object
+       // produced by the external writer (for example
+       // *parquet/metadata.FileMetaData when Format is
+       // [iceberg.ParquetFile]).
+       Metadata any
+
+       // FilePath is the fully qualified location the file bytes were
+       // written to (the same path that will be recorded in the manifest 
entry).
+       FilePath string
+
+       // FileSize is the byte length of the object at FilePath. Must be
+       // greater than zero.
+       FileSize int64
+
+       // Content selects which manifest-entry kind to produce — one of
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentData], [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] or
+       // [iceberg.EntryContentPosDeletes].
+       Content iceberg.ManifestEntryContent
+
+       // PartitionValues maps spec field ID → partition value. Required when 
Spec
+       // is partitioned; leave nil/empty for unpartitioned tables.
+       PartitionValues map[int]any
+
+       // SortOrderID is the sort-order ID recorded on the manifest entry,
+       // typically tbl.SortOrder().OrderID(). Zero means "unsorted".
+       SortOrderID int
+
+       // Properties are consulted only for write-side metrics-mode keys
+       // (write.metadata.metrics.default and per-column
+       // write.metadata.metrics.column.<name> overrides) that decide
+       // which columns get full vs truncated vs no statistics. Pass
+       // tbl.Properties() for table-default behavior; nil is safe.
+       Properties iceberg.Properties
+
+       // EqualityFieldIDs lists the schema field IDs that an equality
+       // delete file matches on. Required when
+       // Content == [iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes] and MUST be empty
+       // for every other Content value.
+       EqualityFieldIDs []int
+}
+
+// DataFileFromMetadata builds a fully populated [iceberg.DataFile] from a
+// file's in-memory, format-specific metadata object, extracting per-column
+// statistics (column_sizes, value_counts, null_value_counts, lower_bounds,
+// upper_bounds), split offsets, and the manifest-entry shape required for
+// the requested content type. The format-specific extraction is dispatched
+// through the internal FileFormat interface; no filesystem reads are
+// performed.
+//
+// The returned DataFile is intended to be handed to
+// [Transaction.AddDataFiles] (data files) or [Transaction.NewRowDelta]
+// (delete files); it is NOT committed automatically. The file bytes
+// described by args.Metadata must already have been uploaded to
+// args.FilePath.
+func DataFileFromMetadata(args DataFileArgs) (iceberg.DataFile, error) {
+       if args.Schema == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("schema is required")
+       }
+       if args.Metadata == nil {
+               return nil, errors.New("file metadata is required")
+       }
+       if args.FilePath == "" {
+               return nil, errors.New("file path is required")
+       }
+       if args.FileSize <= 0 {
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("file size must be greater than 0, got 
%d", args.FileSize)
+       }
+
+       switch args.Content {
+       case iceberg.EntryContentData,
+               iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes,
+               iceberg.EntryContentPosDeletes:
+       default:
+               return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid content: %v", args.Content)
+       }
+
+       if args.Content == iceberg.EntryContentEqDeletes && 
len(args.EqualityFieldIDs) == 0 {
+               return nil, errors.New("equalityFieldIDs is required for 
equality-delete files")

Review Comment:
   Small one: these messages say `equalityFieldIDs` but the exported field is 
`EqualityFieldIDs`, and the rest of the codebase uses the exported casing (e.g. 
`row_delta.go:134` "equality delete file must have non-empty 
EqualityFieldIDs"). Lowercase doesn't grep back to the symbol — I'd capitalize 
both.
   



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