kamcheungting-db commented on code in PR #723:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg-cpp/pull/723#discussion_r3441506806


##########
src/iceberg/logging/logger.h:
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@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+/// \file iceberg/logging/logger.h
+/// \brief Pluggable logging interface, the process-global default logger, and
+/// the logging macros.
+///
+/// This header is backend-agnostic: it never includes the build-generated
+/// backend configuration header and never references the spdlog feature macro,
+/// so consumers see one stable API regardless of how the backend was 
configured.
+
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <format>
+#include <memory>
+#include <source_location>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "iceberg/iceberg_export.h"
+#include "iceberg/logging/log_level.h"
+#include "iceberg/result.h"
+
+namespace iceberg {
+
+/// \brief A structured key/value attribute attached to a log record.
+///
+/// Both key and value are owned so a sink may retain the record safely.
+/// Unused in v1; reserved so structured logging can be added without an ABI
+/// break to LogMessage.
+struct LogAttribute {
+  std::string key;
+  std::string value;
+};
+
+/// \brief A single log record handed to a Logger.
+///
+/// The formatted message is owned (moved in by the logging macros), so a sink
+/// may safely retain the record beyond the Log() call. The member set must not
+/// depend on the build's logging backend (the spdlog backend never appears 
here).
+struct LogMessage {
+  LogLevel level = LogLevel::kOff;
+  std::string message;
+  std::source_location location = std::source_location::current();
+  std::vector<LogAttribute> attributes;
+};
+
+/// \brief Well-known Logger::Initialize() property keys.
+///
+/// `level` is honored by the base Logger::Initialize (parsed via
+/// LogLevelFromString). `pattern` is honored by the formatting sinks
+/// (CerrLogger, SpdLogger).
+inline constexpr std::string_view kLevelProperty = "level";
+inline constexpr std::string_view kPatternProperty = "pattern";
+
+/// \brief Pluggable logging sink.
+///
+/// ShouldLog() is the single authority for runtime filtering -- the macros 
call
+/// it on every (compile-time-enabled) statement, so level changes by any path
+/// take effect immediately. Implementations must be thread-safe and must not
+/// throw. They must also obey:
+///   - No reentrancy: Log()/Flush() must not call the logging macros or
+///     GetDefaultLogger() (UB -- deadlock with mutex-based sinks).
+///   - level() is an accessor consistent with ShouldLog (used by 
SetDefaultLevel
+///     and introspection); ShouldLog may implement finer logic than a level 
compare.
+class ICEBERG_EXPORT Logger {
+ public:
+  virtual ~Logger() = default;
+
+  /// \brief Property-based setup, called by Loggers::Load() before first use.
+  ///
+  /// The base implementation applies the "level" property (parsed via
+  /// LogLevelFromString); an unrecognized value is an InvalidArgument error.
+  /// Formatting sinks override this to also apply "pattern" and then delegate
+  /// to this base for "level".
+  virtual Status Initialize(
+      const std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string>& properties) {
+    if (auto it = properties.find(std::string(kLevelProperty)); it != 
properties.end()) {
+      auto parsed = LogLevelFromString(it->second);
+      if (!parsed) return std::unexpected(parsed.error());
+      SetLevel(*parsed);
+    }
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  /// \brief Cheap check whether a record at \p level would be emitted.
+  virtual bool ShouldLog(LogLevel level) const = 0;

Review Comment:
   done



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