smaheshwar-pltr commented on code in PR #3512:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg-python/pull/3512#discussion_r3417661033


##########
pyiceberg/table/__init__.py:
##########
@@ -1165,6 +1165,59 @@ def scan(
             table_identifier=self._identifier,
         )
 
+    def incremental_append_scan(

Review Comment:
   [AI reviewer aid] New convenience method mirroring `Table.scan` ([naming 
thought](https://github.com/apache/iceberg-python/pull/2031#discussion_r2102631306)).
 Args mirror `scan` minus `snapshot_id` plus the two snapshot-range args.



##########
pyiceberg/table/__init__.py:
##########
@@ -1165,6 +1165,59 @@ def scan(
             table_identifier=self._identifier,
         )
 
+    def incremental_append_scan(
+        self,
+        row_filter: str | BooleanExpression = ALWAYS_TRUE,
+        selected_fields: tuple[str, ...] = ("*",),
+        case_sensitive: bool = True,
+        from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | None = None,

Review Comment:
   [AI reviewer aid] Requiring `from_snapshot_id_exclusive` to be non-`None` at 
plan time is a deliberate divergence from Java's [`IncrementalScan` 
semantics](https://github.com/apache/iceberg/blob/2f6606a247e2b16be46ca6c02fc4cfc2e17691e6/api/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/IncrementalScan.java#L53-L54)
 (where the start defaults to the oldest ancestor of the end snapshot when not 
configured). Follows Spark's required `start-snapshot-id` 
([docs](https://iceberg.apache.org/docs/latest/spark-queries/#incremental-read)).
 Argument 
[here](https://github.com/apache/iceberg-python/pull/2031#discussion_r2102674779)
 — TL;DR an append scan only reads `append` snapshots, so "from the oldest 
ancestor" would be misleading after a `replace`.



##########
pyiceberg/table/__init__.py:
##########
@@ -1668,6 +1721,18 @@ def scan(
     ) -> DataScan:
         raise ValueError("Cannot scan a staged table")
 
+    def incremental_append_scan(

Review Comment:
   [AI reviewer aid] Mirrors `StagedTable.scan` two lines up — staged tables 
have no committed metadata to scan against.



##########
pyiceberg/table/__init__.py:
##########
@@ -2128,91 +2170,384 @@ def to_arrow_batch_reader(self) -> 
pa.RecordBatchReader:
             pa.RecordBatchReader: Arrow RecordBatchReader from the Iceberg 
table's DataScan
                 which can be used to read a stream of record batches one by 
one.
         """
-        import pyarrow as pa
+        return _to_arrow_batch_reader_via_file_scan_tasks(self, 
self.plan_files())
+
+    def count(self) -> int:
+        from pyiceberg.io.pyarrow import ArrowScan
+
+        # Usage: Calculates the total number of records in a Scan that haven't 
had positional deletes.
+        res = 0
+        # every task is a FileScanTask
+        tasks = self.plan_files()
 
-        from pyiceberg.io.pyarrow import ArrowScan, schema_to_pyarrow
+        for task in tasks:
+            # task.residual is a Boolean Expression if the filter condition is 
fully satisfied by the
+            # partition value and task.delete_files represents that positional 
delete haven't been merged yet
+            # hence those files have to read as a pyarrow table applying the 
filter and deletes
+            if task.residual == AlwaysTrue() and len(task.delete_files) == 0:
+                # Every File has a metadata stat that stores the file record 
count
+                res += task.file.record_count
+            else:
+                arrow_scan = ArrowScan(
+                    table_metadata=self.table_metadata,
+                    io=self.io,
+                    projected_schema=self.projection(),
+                    row_filter=self.row_filter,
+                    case_sensitive=self.case_sensitive,
+                )
+                tbl = arrow_scan.to_table([task])
+                res += len(tbl)
+        return res
 
-        target_schema = schema_to_pyarrow(self.projection())
-        batches = ArrowScan(
-            self.table_metadata, self.io, self.projection(), self.row_filter, 
self.case_sensitive, self.limit
-        ).to_record_batches(self.plan_files())
 
-        return pa.RecordBatchReader.from_batches(
-            target_schema,
-            batches,
-        ).cast(target_schema)
+IAS = TypeVar("IAS", bound="IncrementalAppendScan", covariant=True)
 
-    def to_pandas(self, **kwargs: Any) -> pd.DataFrame:
-        """Read a Pandas DataFrame eagerly from this Iceberg table.
+
+class IncrementalAppendScan(BaseScan):

Review Comment:
   [AI reviewer aid] Mirrors Java's 
[`IncrementalAppendScan`](https://github.com/apache/iceberg/blob/2f6606a247e2b16be46ca6c02fc4cfc2e17691e6/api/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/IncrementalAppendScan.java#L22)
 interface and 
[`BaseIncrementalAppendScan`](https://github.com/apache/iceberg/blob/2f6606a247e2b16be46ca6c02fc4cfc2e17691e6/core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/BaseIncrementalAppendScan.java#L31)
 implementation. Only the append variant of `IncrementalScan` — changelog scan 
is out of scope here.



##########
pyiceberg/table/__init__.py:
##########
@@ -2128,91 +2170,384 @@ def to_arrow_batch_reader(self) -> 
pa.RecordBatchReader:
             pa.RecordBatchReader: Arrow RecordBatchReader from the Iceberg 
table's DataScan
                 which can be used to read a stream of record batches one by 
one.
         """
-        import pyarrow as pa
+        return _to_arrow_batch_reader_via_file_scan_tasks(self, 
self.plan_files())
+
+    def count(self) -> int:
+        from pyiceberg.io.pyarrow import ArrowScan
+
+        # Usage: Calculates the total number of records in a Scan that haven't 
had positional deletes.
+        res = 0
+        # every task is a FileScanTask
+        tasks = self.plan_files()
 
-        from pyiceberg.io.pyarrow import ArrowScan, schema_to_pyarrow
+        for task in tasks:
+            # task.residual is a Boolean Expression if the filter condition is 
fully satisfied by the
+            # partition value and task.delete_files represents that positional 
delete haven't been merged yet
+            # hence those files have to read as a pyarrow table applying the 
filter and deletes
+            if task.residual == AlwaysTrue() and len(task.delete_files) == 0:
+                # Every File has a metadata stat that stores the file record 
count
+                res += task.file.record_count
+            else:
+                arrow_scan = ArrowScan(
+                    table_metadata=self.table_metadata,
+                    io=self.io,
+                    projected_schema=self.projection(),
+                    row_filter=self.row_filter,
+                    case_sensitive=self.case_sensitive,
+                )
+                tbl = arrow_scan.to_table([task])
+                res += len(tbl)
+        return res
 
-        target_schema = schema_to_pyarrow(self.projection())
-        batches = ArrowScan(
-            self.table_metadata, self.io, self.projection(), self.row_filter, 
self.case_sensitive, self.limit
-        ).to_record_batches(self.plan_files())
 
-        return pa.RecordBatchReader.from_batches(
-            target_schema,
-            batches,
-        ).cast(target_schema)
+IAS = TypeVar("IAS", bound="IncrementalAppendScan", covariant=True)
 
-    def to_pandas(self, **kwargs: Any) -> pd.DataFrame:
-        """Read a Pandas DataFrame eagerly from this Iceberg table.
+
+class IncrementalAppendScan(BaseScan):
+    """An incremental scan of a table's data that accumulates appended data 
between two snapshots.
+
+    Args:
+        row_filter:
+            A string or BooleanExpression that describes the
+            desired rows
+        selected_fields:
+            A tuple of strings representing the column names
+            to return in the output dataframe.
+        case_sensitive:
+            If True column matching is case sensitive
+        options:
+            Additional Table properties as a dictionary of
+            string key value pairs to use for this scan.
+        limit:
+            An integer representing the number of rows to
+            return in the scan result. If None, fetches all
+            matching rows.
+        from_snapshot_id_exclusive:
+            Optional ID of the "from" snapshot, to start the incremental scan 
from, exclusively. When the scan is
+            ultimately planned, this must not be None. The snapshot does not 
need to be present in the table metadata
+            (it may have been expired), as long as it is the parent of some 
ancestor of the "to" snapshot.
+        to_snapshot_id_inclusive:
+            Optional ID of the "to" snapshot, to end the incremental scan at, 
inclusively.
+            Omitting it will default to the table's current snapshot.
+    """
+
+    from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | None
+    to_snapshot_id_inclusive: int | None
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        table_metadata: TableMetadata,
+        io: FileIO,
+        row_filter: str | BooleanExpression = ALWAYS_TRUE,
+        selected_fields: tuple[str, ...] = ("*",),
+        case_sensitive: bool = True,
+        options: Properties = EMPTY_DICT,
+        limit: int | None = None,
+        from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | None = None,
+        to_snapshot_id_inclusive: int | None = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(
+            table_metadata=table_metadata,
+            io=io,
+            row_filter=row_filter,
+            selected_fields=selected_fields,
+            case_sensitive=case_sensitive,
+            options=options,
+            limit=limit,
+        )
+        self.from_snapshot_id_exclusive = from_snapshot_id_exclusive
+        self.to_snapshot_id_inclusive = to_snapshot_id_inclusive
+
+    def from_snapshot_exclusive(self: IAS, from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | 
None) -> IAS:

Review Comment:
   [AI reviewer aid] Maps to Java's 
[`fromSnapshotExclusive(long)`](https://github.com/apache/iceberg/blob/2f6606a247e2b16be46ca6c02fc4cfc2e17691e6/api/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/IncrementalScan.java#L61).
 We don't expose the `String ref` overload or `useBranch` — Spark passes raw 
IDs anyway, and ref support can be added later without breaking anything.



##########
pyiceberg/table/__init__.py:
##########
@@ -2128,91 +2170,384 @@ def to_arrow_batch_reader(self) -> 
pa.RecordBatchReader:
             pa.RecordBatchReader: Arrow RecordBatchReader from the Iceberg 
table's DataScan
                 which can be used to read a stream of record batches one by 
one.
         """
-        import pyarrow as pa
+        return _to_arrow_batch_reader_via_file_scan_tasks(self, 
self.plan_files())
+
+    def count(self) -> int:
+        from pyiceberg.io.pyarrow import ArrowScan
+
+        # Usage: Calculates the total number of records in a Scan that haven't 
had positional deletes.
+        res = 0
+        # every task is a FileScanTask
+        tasks = self.plan_files()
 
-        from pyiceberg.io.pyarrow import ArrowScan, schema_to_pyarrow
+        for task in tasks:
+            # task.residual is a Boolean Expression if the filter condition is 
fully satisfied by the
+            # partition value and task.delete_files represents that positional 
delete haven't been merged yet
+            # hence those files have to read as a pyarrow table applying the 
filter and deletes
+            if task.residual == AlwaysTrue() and len(task.delete_files) == 0:
+                # Every File has a metadata stat that stores the file record 
count
+                res += task.file.record_count
+            else:
+                arrow_scan = ArrowScan(
+                    table_metadata=self.table_metadata,
+                    io=self.io,
+                    projected_schema=self.projection(),
+                    row_filter=self.row_filter,
+                    case_sensitive=self.case_sensitive,
+                )
+                tbl = arrow_scan.to_table([task])
+                res += len(tbl)
+        return res
 
-        target_schema = schema_to_pyarrow(self.projection())
-        batches = ArrowScan(
-            self.table_metadata, self.io, self.projection(), self.row_filter, 
self.case_sensitive, self.limit
-        ).to_record_batches(self.plan_files())
 
-        return pa.RecordBatchReader.from_batches(
-            target_schema,
-            batches,
-        ).cast(target_schema)
+IAS = TypeVar("IAS", bound="IncrementalAppendScan", covariant=True)
 
-    def to_pandas(self, **kwargs: Any) -> pd.DataFrame:
-        """Read a Pandas DataFrame eagerly from this Iceberg table.
+
+class IncrementalAppendScan(BaseScan):
+    """An incremental scan of a table's data that accumulates appended data 
between two snapshots.
+
+    Args:
+        row_filter:
+            A string or BooleanExpression that describes the
+            desired rows
+        selected_fields:
+            A tuple of strings representing the column names
+            to return in the output dataframe.
+        case_sensitive:
+            If True column matching is case sensitive
+        options:
+            Additional Table properties as a dictionary of
+            string key value pairs to use for this scan.
+        limit:
+            An integer representing the number of rows to
+            return in the scan result. If None, fetches all
+            matching rows.
+        from_snapshot_id_exclusive:
+            Optional ID of the "from" snapshot, to start the incremental scan 
from, exclusively. When the scan is
+            ultimately planned, this must not be None. The snapshot does not 
need to be present in the table metadata
+            (it may have been expired), as long as it is the parent of some 
ancestor of the "to" snapshot.
+        to_snapshot_id_inclusive:
+            Optional ID of the "to" snapshot, to end the incremental scan at, 
inclusively.
+            Omitting it will default to the table's current snapshot.
+    """
+
+    from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | None
+    to_snapshot_id_inclusive: int | None
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        table_metadata: TableMetadata,
+        io: FileIO,
+        row_filter: str | BooleanExpression = ALWAYS_TRUE,
+        selected_fields: tuple[str, ...] = ("*",),
+        case_sensitive: bool = True,
+        options: Properties = EMPTY_DICT,
+        limit: int | None = None,
+        from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | None = None,
+        to_snapshot_id_inclusive: int | None = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(
+            table_metadata=table_metadata,
+            io=io,
+            row_filter=row_filter,
+            selected_fields=selected_fields,
+            case_sensitive=case_sensitive,
+            options=options,
+            limit=limit,
+        )
+        self.from_snapshot_id_exclusive = from_snapshot_id_exclusive
+        self.to_snapshot_id_inclusive = to_snapshot_id_inclusive
+
+    def from_snapshot_exclusive(self: IAS, from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | 
None) -> IAS:
+        """Instructs this scan to look for changes starting from a particular 
snapshot (exclusive).
+
+        Args:
+            from_snapshot_id_exclusive: the start snapshot ID (exclusive)
 
         Returns:
-            pd.DataFrame: Materialized Pandas Dataframe from the Iceberg table
+            this for method chaining
         """
-        return self.to_arrow().to_pandas(**kwargs)
+        return 
self.update(from_snapshot_id_exclusive=from_snapshot_id_exclusive)
 
-    def to_duckdb(self, table_name: str, connection: DuckDBPyConnection | None 
= None) -> DuckDBPyConnection:
-        """Shorthand for loading the Iceberg Table in DuckDB.
+    def to_snapshot_inclusive(self: IAS, to_snapshot_id_inclusive: int | None) 
-> IAS:
+        """Instructs this scan to look for changes up to a particular snapshot 
(inclusive).
+
+        Args:
+            to_snapshot_id_inclusive: the end snapshot ID (inclusive)
 
         Returns:
-            DuckDBPyConnection: In memory DuckDB connection with the Iceberg 
table.
+            this for method chaining
         """
-        import duckdb
+        return self.update(to_snapshot_id_inclusive=to_snapshot_id_inclusive)
 
-        con = connection or duckdb.connect(database=":memory:")
-        con.register(table_name, self.to_arrow())
+    def projection(self) -> Schema:

Review Comment:
   [AI reviewer aid] Always uses the table's **current** schema, unlike 
`TableScan.projection()` which uses the snapshot's schema when `snapshot_id` is 
set. Matches Java: 
[`BaseTable.newIncrementalAppendScan`](https://github.com/apache/iceberg/blob/2f6606a247e2b16be46ca6c02fc4cfc2e17691e6/core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/BaseTable.java#L89-L92)
 constructs the scan with `schema()`, which on 
[`BaseTable.schema()`](https://github.com/apache/iceberg/blob/2f6606a247e2b16be46ca6c02fc4cfc2e17691e6/core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/BaseTable.java#L104-L107)
 returns `ops.current().schema()` — the table's current schema, not 
snapshot-bound. C++ does the same: 
[`TableScanBuilder::ResolveSnapshotSchema`](https://github.com/apache/iceberg-cpp/blob/fc80e4bdbafcd659e4b44fb9fb8ae7960a08c2d1/src/iceberg/table_scan.cc#L513-L526)
 falls through to `metadata_->Schema()` for incremental scans (no `snapshot_id` 
on the context). Older-schema rows in range get NULL for new columns — covered 
by `
 test_incremental_append_scan_schema_evolution_within_range`.



##########
pyiceberg/table/__init__.py:
##########
@@ -2128,91 +2170,384 @@ def to_arrow_batch_reader(self) -> 
pa.RecordBatchReader:
             pa.RecordBatchReader: Arrow RecordBatchReader from the Iceberg 
table's DataScan
                 which can be used to read a stream of record batches one by 
one.
         """
-        import pyarrow as pa
+        return _to_arrow_batch_reader_via_file_scan_tasks(self, 
self.plan_files())
+
+    def count(self) -> int:
+        from pyiceberg.io.pyarrow import ArrowScan
+
+        # Usage: Calculates the total number of records in a Scan that haven't 
had positional deletes.
+        res = 0
+        # every task is a FileScanTask
+        tasks = self.plan_files()
 
-        from pyiceberg.io.pyarrow import ArrowScan, schema_to_pyarrow
+        for task in tasks:
+            # task.residual is a Boolean Expression if the filter condition is 
fully satisfied by the
+            # partition value and task.delete_files represents that positional 
delete haven't been merged yet
+            # hence those files have to read as a pyarrow table applying the 
filter and deletes
+            if task.residual == AlwaysTrue() and len(task.delete_files) == 0:
+                # Every File has a metadata stat that stores the file record 
count
+                res += task.file.record_count
+            else:
+                arrow_scan = ArrowScan(
+                    table_metadata=self.table_metadata,
+                    io=self.io,
+                    projected_schema=self.projection(),
+                    row_filter=self.row_filter,
+                    case_sensitive=self.case_sensitive,
+                )
+                tbl = arrow_scan.to_table([task])
+                res += len(tbl)
+        return res
 
-        target_schema = schema_to_pyarrow(self.projection())
-        batches = ArrowScan(
-            self.table_metadata, self.io, self.projection(), self.row_filter, 
self.case_sensitive, self.limit
-        ).to_record_batches(self.plan_files())
 
-        return pa.RecordBatchReader.from_batches(
-            target_schema,
-            batches,
-        ).cast(target_schema)
+IAS = TypeVar("IAS", bound="IncrementalAppendScan", covariant=True)
 
-    def to_pandas(self, **kwargs: Any) -> pd.DataFrame:
-        """Read a Pandas DataFrame eagerly from this Iceberg table.
+
+class IncrementalAppendScan(BaseScan):
+    """An incremental scan of a table's data that accumulates appended data 
between two snapshots.
+
+    Args:
+        row_filter:
+            A string or BooleanExpression that describes the
+            desired rows
+        selected_fields:
+            A tuple of strings representing the column names
+            to return in the output dataframe.
+        case_sensitive:
+            If True column matching is case sensitive
+        options:
+            Additional Table properties as a dictionary of
+            string key value pairs to use for this scan.
+        limit:
+            An integer representing the number of rows to
+            return in the scan result. If None, fetches all
+            matching rows.
+        from_snapshot_id_exclusive:
+            Optional ID of the "from" snapshot, to start the incremental scan 
from, exclusively. When the scan is
+            ultimately planned, this must not be None. The snapshot does not 
need to be present in the table metadata
+            (it may have been expired), as long as it is the parent of some 
ancestor of the "to" snapshot.
+        to_snapshot_id_inclusive:
+            Optional ID of the "to" snapshot, to end the incremental scan at, 
inclusively.
+            Omitting it will default to the table's current snapshot.
+    """
+
+    from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | None
+    to_snapshot_id_inclusive: int | None
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        table_metadata: TableMetadata,
+        io: FileIO,
+        row_filter: str | BooleanExpression = ALWAYS_TRUE,
+        selected_fields: tuple[str, ...] = ("*",),
+        case_sensitive: bool = True,
+        options: Properties = EMPTY_DICT,
+        limit: int | None = None,
+        from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | None = None,
+        to_snapshot_id_inclusive: int | None = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(
+            table_metadata=table_metadata,
+            io=io,
+            row_filter=row_filter,
+            selected_fields=selected_fields,
+            case_sensitive=case_sensitive,
+            options=options,
+            limit=limit,
+        )
+        self.from_snapshot_id_exclusive = from_snapshot_id_exclusive
+        self.to_snapshot_id_inclusive = to_snapshot_id_inclusive
+
+    def from_snapshot_exclusive(self: IAS, from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | 
None) -> IAS:
+        """Instructs this scan to look for changes starting from a particular 
snapshot (exclusive).
+
+        Args:
+            from_snapshot_id_exclusive: the start snapshot ID (exclusive)
 
         Returns:
-            pd.DataFrame: Materialized Pandas Dataframe from the Iceberg table
+            this for method chaining
         """
-        return self.to_arrow().to_pandas(**kwargs)
+        return 
self.update(from_snapshot_id_exclusive=from_snapshot_id_exclusive)
 
-    def to_duckdb(self, table_name: str, connection: DuckDBPyConnection | None 
= None) -> DuckDBPyConnection:
-        """Shorthand for loading the Iceberg Table in DuckDB.
+    def to_snapshot_inclusive(self: IAS, to_snapshot_id_inclusive: int | None) 
-> IAS:
+        """Instructs this scan to look for changes up to a particular snapshot 
(inclusive).
+
+        Args:
+            to_snapshot_id_inclusive: the end snapshot ID (inclusive)
 
         Returns:
-            DuckDBPyConnection: In memory DuckDB connection with the Iceberg 
table.
+            this for method chaining
         """
-        import duckdb
+        return self.update(to_snapshot_id_inclusive=to_snapshot_id_inclusive)
 
-        con = connection or duckdb.connect(database=":memory:")
-        con.register(table_name, self.to_arrow())
+    def projection(self) -> Schema:
+        current_schema = self.table_metadata.schema()
+        if "*" in self.selected_fields:
+            return current_schema
+        return current_schema.select(*self.selected_fields, 
case_sensitive=self.case_sensitive)
 
-        return con
+    def plan_files(self) -> Iterable[FileScanTask]:

Review Comment:
   [AI reviewer aid] Mirrors Java's 
[`BaseIncrementalAppendScan.doPlanFiles`](https://github.com/apache/iceberg/blob/2f6606a247e2b16be46ca6c02fc4cfc2e17691e6/core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/BaseIncrementalAppendScan.java#L46-L57)
 and 
[`appendFilesFromSnapshots`](https://github.com/apache/iceberg/blob/2f6606a247e2b16be46ca6c02fc4cfc2e17691e6/core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/BaseIncrementalAppendScan.java#L68-L99)
 — walk ancestors, filter to `append` snapshots, dedup manifests whose 
`added_snapshot_id` is in range, then filter manifest entries by `(snapshot_id 
in range, status == ADDED)`. Set semantics on the manifest dedup match the Java 
[snippet](https://github.com/apache/iceberg/blob/2f6606a247e2b16be46ca6c02fc4cfc2e17691e6/core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/BaseIncrementalAppendScan.java#L70-L74)
 and rely on `ManifestFile.__eq__`/`__hash__` being defined (which they are on 
`main` since #2233).



##########
pyiceberg/table/__init__.py:
##########
@@ -2128,91 +2170,384 @@ def to_arrow_batch_reader(self) -> 
pa.RecordBatchReader:
             pa.RecordBatchReader: Arrow RecordBatchReader from the Iceberg 
table's DataScan
                 which can be used to read a stream of record batches one by 
one.
         """
-        import pyarrow as pa
+        return _to_arrow_batch_reader_via_file_scan_tasks(self, 
self.plan_files())
+
+    def count(self) -> int:
+        from pyiceberg.io.pyarrow import ArrowScan
+
+        # Usage: Calculates the total number of records in a Scan that haven't 
had positional deletes.
+        res = 0
+        # every task is a FileScanTask
+        tasks = self.plan_files()
 
-        from pyiceberg.io.pyarrow import ArrowScan, schema_to_pyarrow
+        for task in tasks:
+            # task.residual is a Boolean Expression if the filter condition is 
fully satisfied by the
+            # partition value and task.delete_files represents that positional 
delete haven't been merged yet
+            # hence those files have to read as a pyarrow table applying the 
filter and deletes
+            if task.residual == AlwaysTrue() and len(task.delete_files) == 0:
+                # Every File has a metadata stat that stores the file record 
count
+                res += task.file.record_count
+            else:
+                arrow_scan = ArrowScan(
+                    table_metadata=self.table_metadata,
+                    io=self.io,
+                    projected_schema=self.projection(),
+                    row_filter=self.row_filter,
+                    case_sensitive=self.case_sensitive,
+                )
+                tbl = arrow_scan.to_table([task])
+                res += len(tbl)
+        return res
 
-        target_schema = schema_to_pyarrow(self.projection())
-        batches = ArrowScan(
-            self.table_metadata, self.io, self.projection(), self.row_filter, 
self.case_sensitive, self.limit
-        ).to_record_batches(self.plan_files())
 
-        return pa.RecordBatchReader.from_batches(
-            target_schema,
-            batches,
-        ).cast(target_schema)
+IAS = TypeVar("IAS", bound="IncrementalAppendScan", covariant=True)
 
-    def to_pandas(self, **kwargs: Any) -> pd.DataFrame:
-        """Read a Pandas DataFrame eagerly from this Iceberg table.
+
+class IncrementalAppendScan(BaseScan):
+    """An incremental scan of a table's data that accumulates appended data 
between two snapshots.
+
+    Args:
+        row_filter:
+            A string or BooleanExpression that describes the
+            desired rows
+        selected_fields:
+            A tuple of strings representing the column names
+            to return in the output dataframe.
+        case_sensitive:
+            If True column matching is case sensitive
+        options:
+            Additional Table properties as a dictionary of
+            string key value pairs to use for this scan.
+        limit:
+            An integer representing the number of rows to
+            return in the scan result. If None, fetches all
+            matching rows.
+        from_snapshot_id_exclusive:
+            Optional ID of the "from" snapshot, to start the incremental scan 
from, exclusively. When the scan is
+            ultimately planned, this must not be None. The snapshot does not 
need to be present in the table metadata
+            (it may have been expired), as long as it is the parent of some 
ancestor of the "to" snapshot.
+        to_snapshot_id_inclusive:
+            Optional ID of the "to" snapshot, to end the incremental scan at, 
inclusively.
+            Omitting it will default to the table's current snapshot.
+    """
+
+    from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | None
+    to_snapshot_id_inclusive: int | None
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        table_metadata: TableMetadata,
+        io: FileIO,
+        row_filter: str | BooleanExpression = ALWAYS_TRUE,
+        selected_fields: tuple[str, ...] = ("*",),
+        case_sensitive: bool = True,
+        options: Properties = EMPTY_DICT,
+        limit: int | None = None,
+        from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | None = None,
+        to_snapshot_id_inclusive: int | None = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(
+            table_metadata=table_metadata,
+            io=io,
+            row_filter=row_filter,
+            selected_fields=selected_fields,
+            case_sensitive=case_sensitive,
+            options=options,
+            limit=limit,
+        )
+        self.from_snapshot_id_exclusive = from_snapshot_id_exclusive
+        self.to_snapshot_id_inclusive = to_snapshot_id_inclusive
+
+    def from_snapshot_exclusive(self: IAS, from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | 
None) -> IAS:
+        """Instructs this scan to look for changes starting from a particular 
snapshot (exclusive).
+
+        Args:
+            from_snapshot_id_exclusive: the start snapshot ID (exclusive)
 
         Returns:
-            pd.DataFrame: Materialized Pandas Dataframe from the Iceberg table
+            this for method chaining
         """
-        return self.to_arrow().to_pandas(**kwargs)
+        return 
self.update(from_snapshot_id_exclusive=from_snapshot_id_exclusive)
 
-    def to_duckdb(self, table_name: str, connection: DuckDBPyConnection | None 
= None) -> DuckDBPyConnection:
-        """Shorthand for loading the Iceberg Table in DuckDB.
+    def to_snapshot_inclusive(self: IAS, to_snapshot_id_inclusive: int | None) 
-> IAS:
+        """Instructs this scan to look for changes up to a particular snapshot 
(inclusive).
+
+        Args:
+            to_snapshot_id_inclusive: the end snapshot ID (inclusive)
 
         Returns:
-            DuckDBPyConnection: In memory DuckDB connection with the Iceberg 
table.
+            this for method chaining
         """
-        import duckdb
+        return self.update(to_snapshot_id_inclusive=to_snapshot_id_inclusive)
 
-        con = connection or duckdb.connect(database=":memory:")
-        con.register(table_name, self.to_arrow())
+    def projection(self) -> Schema:
+        current_schema = self.table_metadata.schema()
+        if "*" in self.selected_fields:
+            return current_schema
+        return current_schema.select(*self.selected_fields, 
case_sensitive=self.case_sensitive)
 
-        return con
+    def plan_files(self) -> Iterable[FileScanTask]:
+        """Plans the relevant files added between the specified snapshots."""
+        from_snapshot_id, to_snapshot_id = 
self._validate_and_resolve_snapshots()
+
+        append_snapshots = [
+            snapshot
+            for snapshot in ancestors_between_ids(
+                from_snapshot_id_exclusive=from_snapshot_id,
+                to_snapshot_id_inclusive=to_snapshot_id,
+                table_metadata=self.table_metadata,
+            )
+            if snapshot.summary is not None and snapshot.summary.operation == 
Operation.APPEND
+        ]
+        if len(append_snapshots) == 0:
+            return iter([])
 
-    def to_ray(self) -> ray.data.dataset.Dataset:
-        """Read a Ray Dataset eagerly from this Iceberg table.
+        append_snapshot_ids = {snapshot.snapshot_id for snapshot in 
append_snapshots}
+
+        manifests = list(
+            {
+                manifest_file
+                for snapshot in append_snapshots
+                for manifest_file in snapshot.manifests(self.io)
+                if manifest_file.content == ManifestContent.DATA and 
manifest_file.added_snapshot_id in append_snapshot_ids
+            }
+        )
+
+        return ManifestGroupPlanner(
+            table_metadata=self.table_metadata,
+            io=self.io,
+            row_filter=self.row_filter,
+            case_sensitive=self.case_sensitive,
+            options=self.options,
+        ).plan_files(
+            manifests=manifests,
+            manifest_entry_filter=lambda manifest_entry: 
manifest_entry.snapshot_id in append_snapshot_ids
+            and manifest_entry.status == ManifestEntryStatus.ADDED,
+        )
+
+    def to_arrow(self) -> pa.Table:
+        """Read an Arrow table eagerly from this IncrementalAppendScan.
+
+        All rows will be loaded into memory at once.
 
         Returns:
-            ray.data.dataset.Dataset: Materialized Ray Dataset from the 
Iceberg table
+            pa.Table: Materialized Arrow Table from the Iceberg table's 
IncrementalAppendScan
         """
-        import ray
+        return _to_arrow_via_file_scan_tasks(self, self.plan_files())
 
-        return ray.data.from_arrow(self.to_arrow())
+    def to_arrow_batch_reader(self) -> pa.RecordBatchReader:
+        """Return an Arrow RecordBatchReader from this IncrementalAppendScan.
 
-    def to_polars(self) -> pl.DataFrame:
-        """Read a Polars DataFrame from this Iceberg table.
+        For large results, using a RecordBatchReader requires less memory than
+        loading an Arrow Table for the same IncrementalAppendScan, because a
+        RecordBatch is read one at a time.
 
         Returns:
-            pl.DataFrame: Materialized Polars Dataframe from the Iceberg table
+            pa.RecordBatchReader: Arrow RecordBatchReader from the Iceberg 
table's IncrementalAppendScan
+                which can be used to read a stream of record batches one by 
one.
         """
-        import polars as pl
+        return _to_arrow_batch_reader_via_file_scan_tasks(self, 
self.plan_files())
 
-        result = pl.from_arrow(self.to_arrow())
-        if isinstance(result, pl.Series):
-            result = result.to_frame()
+    def _validate_and_resolve_snapshots(self) -> tuple[int, int]:

Review Comment:
   [AI reviewer aid] Two semantic notes:
   
   1. `from` (exclusive) is validated via `is_parent_ancestor_of`, not 
`is_ancestor_of` — matches Java's 
[`BaseIncrementalScan.fromSnapshotIdExclusive`](https://github.com/apache/iceberg/blob/2f6606a247e2b16be46ca6c02fc4cfc2e17691e6/core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/BaseIncrementalScan.java#L177-L185)
 (see the inline comment there about expiry) and C++'s 
[`internal::FromSnapshotIdExclusive`](https://github.com/apache/iceberg-cpp/blob/fc80e4bdbafcd659e4b44fb9fb8ae7960a08c2d1/src/iceberg/table_scan.cc#L249-L259).
 This admits cursors whose `from` snapshot has since been expired (canonical 
incremental-ingestion pattern); fabricated IDs are still rejected.
   2. Equal `from`/`to` raises (a snapshot is never its own parent ancestor), 
again matching Java/C++.



##########
pyiceberg/table/__init__.py:
##########
@@ -2128,91 +2170,384 @@ def to_arrow_batch_reader(self) -> 
pa.RecordBatchReader:
             pa.RecordBatchReader: Arrow RecordBatchReader from the Iceberg 
table's DataScan
                 which can be used to read a stream of record batches one by 
one.
         """
-        import pyarrow as pa
+        return _to_arrow_batch_reader_via_file_scan_tasks(self, 
self.plan_files())
+
+    def count(self) -> int:
+        from pyiceberg.io.pyarrow import ArrowScan
+
+        # Usage: Calculates the total number of records in a Scan that haven't 
had positional deletes.
+        res = 0
+        # every task is a FileScanTask
+        tasks = self.plan_files()
 
-        from pyiceberg.io.pyarrow import ArrowScan, schema_to_pyarrow
+        for task in tasks:
+            # task.residual is a Boolean Expression if the filter condition is 
fully satisfied by the
+            # partition value and task.delete_files represents that positional 
delete haven't been merged yet
+            # hence those files have to read as a pyarrow table applying the 
filter and deletes
+            if task.residual == AlwaysTrue() and len(task.delete_files) == 0:
+                # Every File has a metadata stat that stores the file record 
count
+                res += task.file.record_count
+            else:
+                arrow_scan = ArrowScan(
+                    table_metadata=self.table_metadata,
+                    io=self.io,
+                    projected_schema=self.projection(),
+                    row_filter=self.row_filter,
+                    case_sensitive=self.case_sensitive,
+                )
+                tbl = arrow_scan.to_table([task])
+                res += len(tbl)
+        return res
 
-        target_schema = schema_to_pyarrow(self.projection())
-        batches = ArrowScan(
-            self.table_metadata, self.io, self.projection(), self.row_filter, 
self.case_sensitive, self.limit
-        ).to_record_batches(self.plan_files())
 
-        return pa.RecordBatchReader.from_batches(
-            target_schema,
-            batches,
-        ).cast(target_schema)
+IAS = TypeVar("IAS", bound="IncrementalAppendScan", covariant=True)
 
-    def to_pandas(self, **kwargs: Any) -> pd.DataFrame:
-        """Read a Pandas DataFrame eagerly from this Iceberg table.
+
+class IncrementalAppendScan(BaseScan):
+    """An incremental scan of a table's data that accumulates appended data 
between two snapshots.
+
+    Args:
+        row_filter:
+            A string or BooleanExpression that describes the
+            desired rows
+        selected_fields:
+            A tuple of strings representing the column names
+            to return in the output dataframe.
+        case_sensitive:
+            If True column matching is case sensitive
+        options:
+            Additional Table properties as a dictionary of
+            string key value pairs to use for this scan.
+        limit:
+            An integer representing the number of rows to
+            return in the scan result. If None, fetches all
+            matching rows.
+        from_snapshot_id_exclusive:
+            Optional ID of the "from" snapshot, to start the incremental scan 
from, exclusively. When the scan is
+            ultimately planned, this must not be None. The snapshot does not 
need to be present in the table metadata
+            (it may have been expired), as long as it is the parent of some 
ancestor of the "to" snapshot.
+        to_snapshot_id_inclusive:
+            Optional ID of the "to" snapshot, to end the incremental scan at, 
inclusively.
+            Omitting it will default to the table's current snapshot.
+    """
+
+    from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | None
+    to_snapshot_id_inclusive: int | None
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        table_metadata: TableMetadata,
+        io: FileIO,
+        row_filter: str | BooleanExpression = ALWAYS_TRUE,
+        selected_fields: tuple[str, ...] = ("*",),
+        case_sensitive: bool = True,
+        options: Properties = EMPTY_DICT,
+        limit: int | None = None,
+        from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | None = None,
+        to_snapshot_id_inclusive: int | None = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(
+            table_metadata=table_metadata,
+            io=io,
+            row_filter=row_filter,
+            selected_fields=selected_fields,
+            case_sensitive=case_sensitive,
+            options=options,
+            limit=limit,
+        )
+        self.from_snapshot_id_exclusive = from_snapshot_id_exclusive
+        self.to_snapshot_id_inclusive = to_snapshot_id_inclusive
+
+    def from_snapshot_exclusive(self: IAS, from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | 
None) -> IAS:
+        """Instructs this scan to look for changes starting from a particular 
snapshot (exclusive).
+
+        Args:
+            from_snapshot_id_exclusive: the start snapshot ID (exclusive)
 
         Returns:
-            pd.DataFrame: Materialized Pandas Dataframe from the Iceberg table
+            this for method chaining
         """
-        return self.to_arrow().to_pandas(**kwargs)
+        return 
self.update(from_snapshot_id_exclusive=from_snapshot_id_exclusive)
 
-    def to_duckdb(self, table_name: str, connection: DuckDBPyConnection | None 
= None) -> DuckDBPyConnection:
-        """Shorthand for loading the Iceberg Table in DuckDB.
+    def to_snapshot_inclusive(self: IAS, to_snapshot_id_inclusive: int | None) 
-> IAS:
+        """Instructs this scan to look for changes up to a particular snapshot 
(inclusive).
+
+        Args:
+            to_snapshot_id_inclusive: the end snapshot ID (inclusive)
 
         Returns:
-            DuckDBPyConnection: In memory DuckDB connection with the Iceberg 
table.
+            this for method chaining
         """
-        import duckdb
+        return self.update(to_snapshot_id_inclusive=to_snapshot_id_inclusive)
 
-        con = connection or duckdb.connect(database=":memory:")
-        con.register(table_name, self.to_arrow())
+    def projection(self) -> Schema:
+        current_schema = self.table_metadata.schema()
+        if "*" in self.selected_fields:
+            return current_schema
+        return current_schema.select(*self.selected_fields, 
case_sensitive=self.case_sensitive)
 
-        return con
+    def plan_files(self) -> Iterable[FileScanTask]:
+        """Plans the relevant files added between the specified snapshots."""
+        from_snapshot_id, to_snapshot_id = 
self._validate_and_resolve_snapshots()
+
+        append_snapshots = [
+            snapshot
+            for snapshot in ancestors_between_ids(
+                from_snapshot_id_exclusive=from_snapshot_id,
+                to_snapshot_id_inclusive=to_snapshot_id,
+                table_metadata=self.table_metadata,
+            )
+            if snapshot.summary is not None and snapshot.summary.operation == 
Operation.APPEND
+        ]
+        if len(append_snapshots) == 0:
+            return iter([])
 
-    def to_ray(self) -> ray.data.dataset.Dataset:
-        """Read a Ray Dataset eagerly from this Iceberg table.
+        append_snapshot_ids = {snapshot.snapshot_id for snapshot in 
append_snapshots}
+
+        manifests = list(
+            {
+                manifest_file
+                for snapshot in append_snapshots
+                for manifest_file in snapshot.manifests(self.io)
+                if manifest_file.content == ManifestContent.DATA and 
manifest_file.added_snapshot_id in append_snapshot_ids
+            }
+        )
+
+        return ManifestGroupPlanner(
+            table_metadata=self.table_metadata,
+            io=self.io,
+            row_filter=self.row_filter,
+            case_sensitive=self.case_sensitive,
+            options=self.options,
+        ).plan_files(
+            manifests=manifests,
+            manifest_entry_filter=lambda manifest_entry: 
manifest_entry.snapshot_id in append_snapshot_ids
+            and manifest_entry.status == ManifestEntryStatus.ADDED,
+        )
+
+    def to_arrow(self) -> pa.Table:
+        """Read an Arrow table eagerly from this IncrementalAppendScan.
+
+        All rows will be loaded into memory at once.
 
         Returns:
-            ray.data.dataset.Dataset: Materialized Ray Dataset from the 
Iceberg table
+            pa.Table: Materialized Arrow Table from the Iceberg table's 
IncrementalAppendScan
         """
-        import ray
+        return _to_arrow_via_file_scan_tasks(self, self.plan_files())
 
-        return ray.data.from_arrow(self.to_arrow())
+    def to_arrow_batch_reader(self) -> pa.RecordBatchReader:
+        """Return an Arrow RecordBatchReader from this IncrementalAppendScan.
 
-    def to_polars(self) -> pl.DataFrame:
-        """Read a Polars DataFrame from this Iceberg table.
+        For large results, using a RecordBatchReader requires less memory than
+        loading an Arrow Table for the same IncrementalAppendScan, because a
+        RecordBatch is read one at a time.
 
         Returns:
-            pl.DataFrame: Materialized Polars Dataframe from the Iceberg table
+            pa.RecordBatchReader: Arrow RecordBatchReader from the Iceberg 
table's IncrementalAppendScan
+                which can be used to read a stream of record batches one by 
one.
         """
-        import polars as pl
+        return _to_arrow_batch_reader_via_file_scan_tasks(self, 
self.plan_files())
 
-        result = pl.from_arrow(self.to_arrow())
-        if isinstance(result, pl.Series):
-            result = result.to_frame()
+    def _validate_and_resolve_snapshots(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
+        if self.from_snapshot_id_exclusive is None:
+            raise ValueError("Start snapshot is not set, please set 
from_snapshot_id_exclusive")
 
-        return result
+        if self.to_snapshot_id_inclusive is None:
+            current_snapshot = self.table_metadata.current_snapshot()
+            if current_snapshot is None:
+                raise ValueError("End snapshot is not set and table has no 
current snapshot")
+            to_snapshot_id = current_snapshot.snapshot_id
+        else:
+            if 
self.table_metadata.snapshot_by_id(self.to_snapshot_id_inclusive) is None:
+                raise ValueError(f"End snapshot not found in table metadata: 
{self.to_snapshot_id_inclusive}")
+            to_snapshot_id = self.to_snapshot_id_inclusive
+
+        # The start snapshot is exclusive, so it does not need to be present 
in the table metadata
+        # (it may have been expired). It is valid as long as it is the parent 
of some ancestor of
+        # the end snapshot.
+        if not is_parent_ancestor_of(to_snapshot_id, 
self.from_snapshot_id_exclusive, self.table_metadata):
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Starting snapshot (exclusive) 
{self.from_snapshot_id_exclusive} is not a parent "
+                f"ancestor of end snapshot {to_snapshot_id}"
+            )
 
-    def count(self) -> int:
-        from pyiceberg.io.pyarrow import ArrowScan
+        return self.from_snapshot_id_exclusive, to_snapshot_id
 
-        # Usage: Calculates the total number of records in a Scan that haven't 
had positional deletes.
-        res = 0
-        # every task is a FileScanTask
-        tasks = self.plan_files()
 
-        for task in tasks:
-            # task.residual is a Boolean Expression if the filter condition is 
fully satisfied by the
-            # partition value and task.delete_files represents that positional 
delete haven't been merged yet
-            # hence those files have to read as a pyarrow table applying the 
filter and deletes
-            if task.residual == AlwaysTrue() and len(task.delete_files) == 0:
-                # Every File has a metadata stat that stores the file record 
count
-                res += task.file.record_count
-            else:
-                arrow_scan = ArrowScan(
-                    table_metadata=self.table_metadata,
-                    io=self.io,
-                    projected_schema=self.projection(),
-                    row_filter=self.row_filter,
-                    case_sensitive=self.case_sensitive,
+class ManifestGroupPlanner:
+    """Plans the scan tasks for a group of manifests."""
+
+    table_metadata: TableMetadata
+    io: FileIO
+    row_filter: BooleanExpression
+    case_sensitive: bool
+    options: Properties
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        table_metadata: TableMetadata,
+        io: FileIO,
+        row_filter: str | BooleanExpression = ALWAYS_TRUE,
+        case_sensitive: bool = True,
+        options: Properties = EMPTY_DICT,
+    ):
+        self.table_metadata = table_metadata
+        self.io = io
+        self.row_filter = _parse_row_filter(row_filter)
+        self.case_sensitive = case_sensitive
+        self.options = options
+
+    @cached_property
+    def partition_filters(self) -> KeyDefaultDict[int, BooleanExpression]:
+        return KeyDefaultDict(self._build_partition_projection)
+
+    def plan_manifest_entries(self, manifests: Iterable[ManifestFile]) -> 
Iterator[list[ManifestEntry]]:
+        """Filter the given manifests using partition summaries and read the 
matching manifest entries.
+
+        For each manifest that passes the partition-summary filter, returns a 
list of its
+        manifest entries that match the partition and metrics evaluators. The 
returned iterator
+        yields one list per manifest (in parallel).
+        """
+        # step 1: filter manifests using partition summaries
+        # the filter depends on the partition spec used to write the manifest 
file, so create a cache of filters for each spec id
+        manifest_evaluators: dict[int, Callable[[ManifestFile], bool]] = 
KeyDefaultDict(self._build_manifest_evaluator)
+        manifests = [
+            manifest_file for manifest_file in manifests if 
manifest_evaluators[manifest_file.partition_spec_id](manifest_file)
+        ]
+
+        # step 2: filter the data files in each manifest
+        # this filter depends on the partition spec used to write the manifest 
file
+        partition_evaluators: dict[int, Callable[[DataFile], bool]] = 
KeyDefaultDict(self._build_partition_evaluator)
+        min_sequence_number = _min_sequence_number(manifests)
+
+        executor = ExecutorFactory.get_or_create()
+        return executor.map(
+            lambda args: _open_manifest(*args),
+            [
+                (
+                    self.io,
+                    manifest,
+                    partition_evaluators[manifest.partition_spec_id],
+                    self._build_metrics_evaluator(),
                 )
-                tbl = arrow_scan.to_table([task])
-                res += len(tbl)
-        return res
+                for manifest in manifests
+                if self._check_sequence_number(min_sequence_number, manifest)
+            ],
+        )
+
+    def plan_files(
+        self,
+        manifests: Iterable[ManifestFile],
+        manifest_entry_filter: Callable[[ManifestEntry], bool] = lambda _: 
True,

Review Comment:
   [AI reviewer aid] This manifest filter is new. Introducing that for append 
scan logic where some manifests are skipped



##########
pyiceberg/table/snapshots.py:
##########
@@ -431,6 +431,46 @@ def ancestors_between(from_snapshot: Snapshot | None, 
to_snapshot: Snapshot, tab
         yield from ancestors_of(to_snapshot, table_metadata)
 
 
+def ancestors_between_ids(

Review Comment:
   [AI reviewer aid] Mirrors Java's 
[`SnapshotUtil.ancestorsBetween`](https://github.com/apache/iceberg/blob/2f6606a247e2b16be46ca6c02fc4cfc2e17691e6/core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/util/SnapshotUtil.java#L216-L229).
 Differs from the existing `ancestors_between` (snapshot-based, 
inclusive-inclusive) above by taking IDs and being exclusive-inclusive, to 
match the incremental-scan validation pattern. Raises if 
`to_snapshot_id_inclusive` is missing from metadata, mirroring Java.



##########
pyiceberg/table/snapshots.py:
##########
@@ -431,6 +431,46 @@ def ancestors_between(from_snapshot: Snapshot | None, 
to_snapshot: Snapshot, tab
         yield from ancestors_of(to_snapshot, table_metadata)
 
 
+def ancestors_between_ids(
+    from_snapshot_id_exclusive: int | None,
+    to_snapshot_id_inclusive: int,
+    table_metadata: TableMetadata,
+) -> Iterable[Snapshot]:
+    """Get the ancestors of and including the given "to" snapshot, up to but 
not including the "from" snapshot.
+
+    If ``from_snapshot_id_exclusive`` is None, all ancestors of the "to" 
snapshot are returned.
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: if ``to_snapshot_id_inclusive`` is not present in the 
table metadata.
+    """
+    to_snapshot = table_metadata.snapshot_by_id(to_snapshot_id_inclusive)
+    if to_snapshot is None:
+        raise ValueError(f"Cannot find snapshot: {to_snapshot_id_inclusive}")
+
+    if from_snapshot_id_exclusive is not None:
+        for snapshot in ancestors_of(to_snapshot, table_metadata):
+            if snapshot.snapshot_id == from_snapshot_id_exclusive:
+                break
+            yield snapshot
+    else:
+        yield from ancestors_of(to_snapshot, table_metadata)
+
+
+def is_parent_ancestor_of(snapshot_id: int, ancestor_parent_snapshot_id: int, 
table_metadata: TableMetadata) -> bool:

Review Comment:
   [AI reviewer aid] Mirrors Java's 
[`SnapshotUtil.isParentAncestorOf`](https://github.com/apache/iceberg/blob/2f6606a247e2b16be46ca6c02fc4cfc2e17691e6/core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/util/SnapshotUtil.java#L77-L86),
 including the [`Cannot find 
snapshot`](https://github.com/apache/iceberg/blob/2f6606a247e2b16be46ca6c02fc4cfc2e17691e6/core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/util/SnapshotUtil.java#L148-L154)
 raise on missing snapshot (Java throws one hop down, via `ancestorsOf(long, 
lookup)`).



##########
tests/integration/test_reads.py:
##########
@@ -1272,3 +1272,152 @@ def test_scan_source_field_missing_in_spec(catalog: 
Catalog, spark: SparkSession
 
     table = catalog.load_table(identifier)
     assert len(list(table.scan().plan_files())) == 3
+
+
[email protected]
[email protected]("catalog", [lf("session_catalog_hive"), 
lf("session_catalog")])
+def test_incremental_append_scan_append_only(catalog: Catalog) -> None:
+    test_table = catalog.load_table("default.test_incremental_read")
+
+    scan = (
+        test_table.incremental_append_scan()
+        .from_snapshot_exclusive(test_table.snapshots()[0].snapshot_id)
+        .to_snapshot_inclusive(test_table.snapshots()[2].snapshot_id)
+    )
+
+    # snapshots[1] adds 1 file (letter=b); snapshots[2] adds 2 files 
(letter=b, letter=c).
+    assert len(list(scan.plan_files())) == 3
+    assert sorted(scan.to_arrow()["number"].to_pylist()) == [2, 3, 4]
+
+    # All read paths return the same rows.
+    assert len(scan.to_arrow_batch_reader().read_all()) == 3
+    assert len(scan.to_pandas()) == 3
+    assert len(scan.to_polars()) == 3
+
+
[email protected]
[email protected]("catalog", [lf("session_catalog_hive"), 
lf("session_catalog")])
+def test_incremental_append_scan_ignores_non_append_snapshots(catalog: 
Catalog) -> None:
+    test_table = catalog.load_table("default.test_incremental_read")
+
+    # snapshots[3] is a delete. The append scan must ignore it.
+    scan = test_table.incremental_append_scan(
+        from_snapshot_id_exclusive=test_table.snapshots()[0].snapshot_id,
+        to_snapshot_id_inclusive=test_table.snapshots()[3].snapshot_id,
+    )
+    assert len(list(scan.plan_files())) == 3
+    assert sorted(scan.to_arrow()["number"].to_pylist()) == [2, 3, 4]
+
+
[email protected]
[email protected]("catalog", [lf("session_catalog_hive"), 
lf("session_catalog")])
+def test_incremental_append_scan_empty_range(catalog: Catalog) -> None:
+    test_table = catalog.load_table("default.test_incremental_read")
+
+    # snapshots[3] is the only snapshot in the range and is a delete; the scan 
must return empty.
+    scan = test_table.incremental_append_scan(
+        from_snapshot_id_exclusive=test_table.snapshots()[2].snapshot_id,
+        to_snapshot_id_inclusive=test_table.snapshots()[3].snapshot_id,
+    )
+    assert list(scan.plan_files()) == []
+    assert len(scan.to_arrow()) == 0
+
+
[email protected]
[email protected]("catalog", [lf("session_catalog_hive"), 
lf("session_catalog")])
+def test_incremental_append_scan_schema_evolution_within_range(catalog: 
Catalog) -> None:
+    test_table = catalog.load_table("default.test_incremental_read")
+
+    # snapshots[1..2] are on the original schema (number, letter); 
snapshots[4] is on the evolved
+    # schema (number, letter, extra) after ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN. The scan 
must project the older
+    # rows onto the current schema (extra -> null) and pick up the new value 
for the newer row.
+    scan = (
+        test_table.incremental_append_scan()
+        .from_snapshot_exclusive(test_table.snapshots()[0].snapshot_id)
+        .to_snapshot_inclusive(test_table.snapshots()[4].snapshot_id)
+    )
+    assert len(list(scan.plan_files())) == 4
+
+    expected_schema = pa.schema([pa.field("number", pa.int32()), 
pa.field("letter", pa.string()), pa.field("extra", pa.int32())])
+    result_table = scan.to_arrow()
+    assert result_table.schema.equals(expected_schema)
+    rows = zip(
+        result_table["number"].to_pylist(),
+        result_table["letter"].to_pylist(),
+        result_table["extra"].to_pylist(),
+        strict=True,
+    )
+    assert sorted(rows, key=lambda r: r[0]) == [(2, "b", None), (3, "c", 
None), (4, "b", None), (5, "d", 100)]
+
+
[email protected]
[email protected]("catalog", [lf("session_catalog_hive"), 
lf("session_catalog")])
+def test_incremental_append_scan_partition_pruning(catalog: Catalog) -> None:
+    test_table = catalog.load_table("default.test_incremental_read")
+
+    # `letter=c` only appears in snapshots[2]. The manifest evaluator rejects 
snapshots[1]'s
+    # manifest (letter=b only); the partition evaluator rejects the letter=b 
entry in
+    # snapshots[2]'s manifest. One file remains.
+    scan = (
+        test_table.incremental_append_scan(row_filter=EqualTo("letter", "c"))
+        .from_snapshot_exclusive(test_table.snapshots()[0].snapshot_id)
+        .to_snapshot_inclusive(test_table.snapshots()[2].snapshot_id)
+    )
+    assert len(list(scan.plan_files())) == 1
+    assert scan.to_arrow()["number"].to_pylist() == [3]
+
+
[email protected]
[email protected]("catalog", [lf("session_catalog_hive"), 
lf("session_catalog")])
+def test_incremental_append_scan_metrics_pruning(catalog: Catalog) -> None:
+    test_table = catalog.load_table("default.test_incremental_read")
+
+    # Non-partition predicate: the manifest/partition evaluators degenerate, 
leaving the per-file

Review Comment:
   [AI reviewer aid] Filters on a non-partition column (`number`), so the 
manifest and partition evaluators degenerate to ALWAYS_TRUE and it's the 
per-file metrics evaluator (column min/max/null stats) that must do all the 
pruning. Covers a layer of `ManifestGroupPlanner` that the existing `DataScan` 
integration coverage doesn't exercise end-to-end through a real scan.



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