rdblue commented on code in PR #14533:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/pull/14533#discussion_r2540011792


##########
core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/V4ManifestReader.java:
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@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.iceberg;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.DataInputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+import org.apache.iceberg.exceptions.RuntimeIOException;
+import org.apache.iceberg.io.CloseableGroup;
+import org.apache.iceberg.io.CloseableIterable;
+import org.apache.iceberg.io.CloseableIterator;
+import org.apache.iceberg.io.InputFile;
+import org.apache.iceberg.relocated.com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import org.apache.iceberg.relocated.com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
+import org.apache.iceberg.relocated.com.google.common.collect.Lists;
+import org.apache.iceberg.types.Types;
+import org.roaringbitmap.RoaringBitmap;
+
+/**
+ * Reader for V4 manifest files containing TrackedFile entries.
+ *
+ * <p>Supports reading both root manifests and leaf manifests. Returns 
TrackedFile entries which can
+ * represent data files, delete files, or manifest references. TODO: implement 
caching.
+ */
+class V4ManifestReader extends CloseableGroup implements 
CloseableIterable<TrackedFile<?>> {
+  static final ImmutableList<String> ALL_COLUMNS = ImmutableList.of("*");

Review Comment:
   The original `ManifestReader` allows callers to project columns by calling 
`select(String... columns)`, but this isn't a very useful API because the 
majority of the time that a manifest is being projected, it is by the Iceberg 
library for a specific purpose. That's why the arguments to `select` are 
usually `"*"`, `BaseScan.SCAN_WITH_STATS_COLUMNS`, or `BaseScan.SCAN_COLUMNS`. 
And now that we need to project columnar stats based on fields used in filters, 
the last two constants are no longer useful.
   
   I think that the v4 implementation should provide more useful projection 
capabilities:
   1. By default, all columns are projected, but without needing to check for 
`*`
   2. A filter-based stats projection that is automatic, based on the filters 
pushed down to this reader
   3. A custom stats projection like `projectStats(Set<Integer> fieldIds)` that 
sets the content stats projection (to be unioned with the fields from #2)
   4. A `project(Schema)` method that can perform more fine-grained projection 
when the reader is used in metadata table scans and other custom scan 
situations (like `ManifestFiles.readPaths`).
   
   Removing `select` from the API allows us to simplify the logic in this 
reader. We don't need to keep lists of fields to pass in or detect when both 
`select` and `project` are called.



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