nastra commented on code in PR #12808:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/pull/12808#discussion_r2066066709


##########
bigquery/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/gcp/bigquery/BigQueryTableOperations.java:
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@@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.iceberg.gcp.bigquery;
+
+import com.google.api.services.bigquery.model.ExternalCatalogTableOptions;
+import com.google.api.services.bigquery.model.Table;
+import com.google.api.services.bigquery.model.TableReference;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
+import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hive.common.StatsSetupConst;
+import org.apache.iceberg.BaseMetastoreOperations;
+import org.apache.iceberg.BaseMetastoreTableOperations;
+import org.apache.iceberg.SnapshotSummary;
+import org.apache.iceberg.TableMetadata;
+import org.apache.iceberg.TableProperties;
+import org.apache.iceberg.exceptions.AlreadyExistsException;
+import org.apache.iceberg.exceptions.CommitFailedException;
+import org.apache.iceberg.exceptions.CommitStateUnknownException;
+import org.apache.iceberg.exceptions.NoSuchTableException;
+import org.apache.iceberg.exceptions.ValidationException;
+import org.apache.iceberg.hadoop.ConfigProperties;
+import org.apache.iceberg.io.FileIO;
+import org.apache.iceberg.relocated.com.google.common.collect.Maps;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/** Handles BigQuery metastore table operations. */
+public final class BigQueryTableOperations extends 
BaseMetastoreTableOperations {
+
+  private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(BigQueryTableOperations.class);
+
+  private static final String TABLE_PROPERTIES_BQ_CONNECTION = "bq_connection";
+
+  private final BigQueryMetastoreClient client;
+  private final FileIO fileIO;
+  private final TableReference tableReference;
+  private final Configuration conf;
+
+  BigQueryTableOperations(
+      BigQueryMetastoreClient client,
+      FileIO fileIO,
+      TableReference tableReference,
+      Configuration conf) {
+    this.client = client;
+    this.fileIO = fileIO;
+    this.tableReference = tableReference;
+    this.conf = conf;
+  }
+
+  // The doRefresh method should provide implementation on how to get the 
metadata location.
+  @Override
+  public void doRefresh() {
+    // Must default to null.
+    String metadataLocation = null;
+    try {
+      metadataLocation =
+          getMetadataLocationOrThrow(
+              
client.load(this.tableReference).getExternalCatalogTableOptions());
+    } catch (NoSuchTableException e) {
+      if (currentMetadataLocation() != null) {
+        // Re-throws the exception because the table must exist in this case.
+        throw e;
+      }
+    }
+    refreshFromMetadataLocation(metadataLocation);
+  }
+
+  // The doCommit method should provide implementation on how to update with 
metadata location
+  // atomically
+  @Override
+  public void doCommit(TableMetadata base, TableMetadata metadata) {
+    String newMetadataLocation =
+        base == null && metadata.metadataFileLocation() != null
+            ? metadata.metadataFileLocation()
+            : writeNewMetadata(metadata, currentVersion() + 1);
+    BaseMetastoreOperations.CommitStatus commitStatus =
+        BaseMetastoreOperations.CommitStatus.FAILURE;
+    try {
+      if (base == null) {
+        createTable(newMetadataLocation, metadata);
+      } else {
+        updateTable(base.metadataFileLocation(), newMetadataLocation, 
metadata);
+      }
+      commitStatus = BaseMetastoreOperations.CommitStatus.SUCCESS;
+    } catch (CommitFailedException | CommitStateUnknownException e) {
+      throw e;
+    } catch (Throwable e) {
+      LOG.error("Exception thrown on commit: ", e);
+      if (e instanceof AlreadyExistsException) {
+        throw e;
+      }
+      commitStatus =
+          BaseMetastoreOperations.CommitStatus.valueOf(
+              checkCommitStatus(newMetadataLocation, metadata).name());
+      if (commitStatus == BaseMetastoreOperations.CommitStatus.FAILURE) {
+        throw new CommitFailedException(e, "Failed to commit");
+      }
+      if (commitStatus == BaseMetastoreOperations.CommitStatus.UNKNOWN) {
+        throw new CommitStateUnknownException(e);
+      }
+    } finally {
+      try {
+        if (commitStatus == BaseMetastoreOperations.CommitStatus.FAILURE) {
+          LOG.warn("Failed to commit updates to table {}", tableName());
+          io().deleteFile(newMetadataLocation);
+        }
+      } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+        LOG.error(
+            "Failed to cleanup metadata file at {} for table {}",
+            newMetadataLocation,
+            tableName(),
+            e);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public String tableName() {
+    return String.format("%s.%s", tableReference.getDatasetId(), 
tableReference.getTableId());
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public FileIO io() {
+    return fileIO;
+  }
+
+  private void createTable(String newMetadataLocation, TableMetadata metadata) 
{
+    LOG.debug("Creating a new Iceberg table: {}", tableName());
+    Table tableBuilder = makeNewTable(metadata, newMetadataLocation);
+    tableBuilder.setTableReference(this.tableReference);
+    addConnectionIfProvided(tableBuilder, metadata.properties());
+
+    client.create(tableBuilder);
+  }
+
+  private void addConnectionIfProvided(Table tableBuilder, Map<String, String> 
metadataProperties) {
+    if (metadataProperties.containsKey(TABLE_PROPERTIES_BQ_CONNECTION)) {
+      tableBuilder
+          .getExternalCatalogTableOptions()
+          
.setConnectionId(metadataProperties.get(TABLE_PROPERTIES_BQ_CONNECTION));
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Update table properties with concurrent update detection using etag. */
+  private void updateTable(
+      String oldMetadataLocation, String newMetadataLocation, TableMetadata 
metadata) {
+    Table table = client.load(this.tableReference);
+    if (table.getEtag().isEmpty()) {
+      throw new ValidationException(
+          "Etag of legacy table %s is empty, manually update the table via the 
BigQuery API or"
+              + " recreate and retry",
+          tableName());
+    }
+    ExternalCatalogTableOptions options = 
table.getExternalCatalogTableOptions();
+    addConnectionIfProvided(table, metadata.properties());
+
+    // If `metadataLocationFromMetastore` is different from metadata location 
of base, it means
+    // someone has updated metadata location in metastore, which is a conflict 
update.
+    String metadataLocationFromMetastore =
+        options.getParameters().getOrDefault(METADATA_LOCATION_PROP, "");
+    if (!metadataLocationFromMetastore.isEmpty()
+        && !metadataLocationFromMetastore.equals(oldMetadataLocation)) {
+      throw new CommitFailedException(
+          "Cannot commit base metadata location '%s' is not same as the 
current table metadata location '%s' for"
+              + " %s.%s",
+          oldMetadataLocation,
+          metadataLocationFromMetastore,
+          tableReference.getDatasetId(),
+          tableReference.getTableId());
+    }
+
+    options.setParameters(buildTableParameters(newMetadataLocation, metadata));
+    try {
+      client.update(tableReference, table);
+    } catch (ValidationException e) {
+      if (e.getMessage().toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH).contains("etag 
mismatch")) {
+        throw new CommitFailedException(
+            "Updating table failed due to conflict updates (etag mismatch). 
Retry the update");
+      }
+
+      throw e;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // To make the table queryable from Hive, the user would likely be setting 
the HIVE_ENGINE_ENABLED
+  // parameter.
+  //
+  // TODO: We need to make a decision on how to make the table queryable from 
Hive.
+  // (could be a server side change or a client side change - that's TBD).
+  private Table makeNewTable(TableMetadata metadata, String 
metadataFileLocation) {
+    boolean hiveEngineEnabled = hiveEngineEnabled(metadata);

Review Comment:
   nit: can be inlined



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