kevinjqliu commented on code in PR #1500:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg-python/pull/1500#discussion_r1912178675


##########
tests/integration/test_sort_order_update.py:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+# pylint:disable=redefined-outer-name
+
+import pytest
+
+from pyiceberg.catalog import Catalog
+from pyiceberg.exceptions import NoSuchTableError
+from pyiceberg.schema import Schema
+from pyiceberg.table import Table
+from pyiceberg.table.sorting import NullOrder, SortDirection, SortField, 
SortOrder
+from pyiceberg.table.update.sorting import SortOrderBuilder
+from pyiceberg.transforms import (
+    IdentityTransform,
+)
+from pyiceberg.types import (
+    LongType,
+    NestedField,
+    StringType,
+    TimestampType,
+)
+
+
+def _simple_table(catalog: Catalog, table_schema_simple: Schema) -> Table:
+    return _create_table_with_schema(catalog, table_schema_simple, "1")
+
+
+def _table(catalog: Catalog) -> Table:
+    schema_with_timestamp = Schema(
+        NestedField(1, "id", LongType(), required=False),
+        NestedField(2, "event_ts", TimestampType(), required=False),
+        NestedField(3, "str", StringType(), required=False),
+    )
+    return _create_table_with_schema(catalog, schema_with_timestamp, "1")
+
+
+def _table_v2(catalog: Catalog) -> Table:
+    schema_with_timestamp = Schema(
+        NestedField(1, "id", LongType(), required=False),
+        NestedField(2, "event_ts", TimestampType(), required=False),
+        NestedField(3, "str", StringType(), required=False),
+    )
+    return _create_table_with_schema(catalog, schema_with_timestamp, "2")
+
+
+def _create_table_with_schema(catalog: Catalog, schema: Schema, 
format_version: str) -> Table:
+    tbl_name = "default.test_schema_evolution"
+    try:
+        catalog.drop_table(tbl_name)
+    except NoSuchTableError:
+        pass
+    return catalog.create_table(identifier=tbl_name, schema=schema, 
properties={"format-version": format_version})
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+def test_sort_order_builder() -> None:
+    builder = SortOrderBuilder(last_sort_order_id=0)
+    builder.add_sort_field(1, IdentityTransform(), SortDirection.ASC, 
NullOrder.NULLS_FIRST)
+    builder.add_sort_field(2, IdentityTransform(), SortDirection.DESC, 
NullOrder.NULLS_LAST)
+    assert builder.sort_order == SortOrder(
+        SortField(1, IdentityTransform(), SortDirection.ASC, 
NullOrder.NULLS_FIRST),
+        SortField(2, IdentityTransform(), SortDirection.DESC, 
NullOrder.NULLS_LAST),
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("catalog", [pytest.lazy_fixture("session_catalog"), 
pytest.lazy_fixture("session_catalog_hive")])
+def test_map_column_name_to_id(catalog: Catalog, table_schema_simple: Schema) 
-> None:
+    simple_table = _simple_table(catalog, table_schema_simple)
+    for col_name, col_id in {"foo": 1, "bar": 2, "baz": 3}.items():
+        assert col_id == 
simple_table.replace_sort_order()._column_name_to_id(col_name)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("catalog", [pytest.lazy_fixture("session_catalog"), 
pytest.lazy_fixture("session_catalog_hive")])
+def test_replace_sort_order(catalog: Catalog, table_schema_simple: Schema) -> 
None:
+    simple_table = _simple_table(catalog, table_schema_simple)
+    simple_table.replace_sort_order().asc("foo", IdentityTransform(), 
NullOrder.NULLS_FIRST).desc(
+        "bar", IdentityTransform(), NullOrder.NULLS_LAST
+    ).commit()
+    assert simple_table.sort_order() == SortOrder(
+        SortField(source_id=1, transform=IdentityTransform(), 
direction=SortDirection.ASC, null_order=NullOrder.NULLS_FIRST),
+        SortField(source_id=2, transform=IdentityTransform(), 
direction=SortDirection.DESC, null_order=NullOrder.NULLS_LAST),
+        order_id=1,
+    )

Review Comment:
   can you add a test for modifying sort order of a table with existing sort 
order?



##########
pyiceberg/table/__init__.py:
##########
@@ -404,6 +405,20 @@ def update_schema(self, allow_incompatible_changes: bool = 
False, case_sensitive
             name_mapping=self.table_metadata.name_mapping(),
         )
 
+    def replace_sort_order(self, case_sensitive: bool = True) -> 
ReplaceSortOrder:

Review Comment:
   nit: wdyt about `update_sort_order` instead? 
   
   from the [spec](https://iceberg.apache.org/spec/#sorting), 
   ```
   A data or delete file is associated with a sort order by the sort order's id 
within [a manifest](https://iceberg.apache.org/spec/#manifests). Therefore, the 
table must declare all the sort orders for lookup. A table could also be 
configured with a default sort order id, indicating how the new data should be 
sorted by default. Writers should use this default sort order to sort the data 
on write, but are not required to if the default order is prohibitively 
expensive, as it would be for streaming writes.
   ```
   
   All sort orders are kept in the manifest in the `sort-orders` field. 



##########
pyiceberg/table/update/sorting.py:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, List, Tuple
+
+from pyiceberg.table.sorting import NullOrder, SortDirection, SortField, 
SortOrder
+from pyiceberg.table.update import (
+    AddSortOrderUpdate,
+    AssertDefaultSortOrderId,
+    SetDefaultSortOrderUpdate,
+    TableRequirement,
+    TableUpdate,
+    UpdatesAndRequirements,
+    UpdateTableMetadata,
+)
+from pyiceberg.transforms import Transform
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pyiceberg.table import Transaction
+
+
+class SortOrderBuilder:

Review Comment:
   nit: do we need the builder here? Or just follow [UpdateSchema's 
pattern](https://github.com/apache/iceberg-python/blob/aface466f3393c8999bb5e2d90d9ff628044010c/pyiceberg/table/update/schema.py#L110-L113)
 



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