aokolnychyi commented on code in PR #11372:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/pull/11372#discussion_r1819529635


##########
core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/deletes/RoaringPositionBitmap.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.iceberg.deletes;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.function.LongConsumer;
+import 
org.apache.iceberg.relocated.com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import org.apache.iceberg.relocated.com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import org.apache.iceberg.relocated.com.google.common.collect.Lists;
+import org.roaringbitmap.RoaringBitmap;
+
+/**
+ * A bitmap that supports positive 64-bit positions, but is optimized for 
cases where most positions
+ * fit in 32 bits by using an array of 32-bit Roaring bitmaps. The bitmap 
array is grown as needed
+ * to accommodate the largest position.
+ *
+ * <p>Incoming 64-bit positions are divided into a 32-bit "key" using the most 
significant 4 bytes
+ * and a 32-bit position using the least significant 4 bytes. For each key in 
the set of positions,
+ * a 32-bit Roaring bitmap is maintained to store a set of 32-bit position for 
that key.
+ *
+ * <p>To test whether a certain position is set, its most significant 4 bytes 
(the key) are used to
+ * find a 32-bit bitmap and the least significant 4 bytes are tested for 
inclusion in the bitmap. If
+ * a bitmap is not found for the key, then the position is not set.
+ *
+ * <p>Positions must range from 0 (inclusive) to {@link #MAX_POSITION} 
(inclusive). The bitmap
+ * cannot handle positions exceeding {@link #MAX_POSITION} because the bitmap 
array size is a signed
+ * 32-bit integer, which must be non-negative. Allocating an array with size 
Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1
+ * would trigger an overflow and result in a negative length.
+ */
+class RoaringPositionBitmap {
+
+  static final long MAX_POSITION = toPosition(Integer.MAX_VALUE - 1, 
Integer.MIN_VALUE);
+  private static final RoaringBitmap[] EMPTY_BITMAP_ARRAY = new 
RoaringBitmap[0];
+  private static final long BITMAP_COUNT_SIZE_BYTES = 8L;
+  private static final long BITMAP_KEY_SIZE_BYTES = 4L;
+
+  private RoaringBitmap[] bitmaps;
+
+  RoaringPositionBitmap() {
+    this.bitmaps = EMPTY_BITMAP_ARRAY;
+  }
+
+  private RoaringPositionBitmap(RoaringBitmap[] bitmaps) {
+    this.bitmaps = bitmaps;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Adds a position to the bitmap.
+   *
+   * @param pos the row position
+   */
+  public void add(long pos) {
+    validatePosition(pos);
+    int key = key(pos);
+    int pos32Bits = pos32Bits(pos);
+    allocateBitmapsIfNeeded(key + 1 /* required number of bitmaps */);
+    bitmaps[key].add(pos32Bits);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Adds a range of positions to the bitmap.
+   *
+   * @param posStartInclusive the start position of the range (inclusive)
+   * @param posEndExclusive the end position of the range (exclusive)
+   */
+  public void addRange(long posStartInclusive, long posEndExclusive) {
+    for (long pos = posStartInclusive; pos < posEndExclusive; pos++) {
+      add(pos);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Adds all positions from the other bitmap to this bitmap, modifying this 
bitmap in place.
+   *
+   * @param that the other bitmap
+   */
+  public void addAll(RoaringPositionBitmap that) {
+    allocateBitmapsIfNeeded(that.bitmaps.length);
+    for (int key = 0; key < that.bitmaps.length; key++) {
+      bitmaps[key].or(that.bitmaps[key]);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Checks if the bitmap contains a position.
+   *
+   * @param pos the row position
+   * @return true if the position is in this bitmap, false otherwise
+   */
+  public boolean contains(long pos) {
+    validatePosition(pos);
+    int key = key(pos);
+    int pos32Bits = pos32Bits(pos);
+    return key < bitmaps.length && bitmaps[key].contains(pos32Bits);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Indicates whether the bitmap is empty.
+   *
+   * @return true if the bitmap is empty, false otherwise
+   */
+  public boolean isEmpty() {
+    return cardinality() == 0;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the number of positions in the bitmap.
+   *
+   * @return the number of set positions
+   */
+  public long cardinality() {
+    long cardinality = 0L;
+    for (RoaringBitmap bitmap : bitmaps) {
+      cardinality += bitmap.getLongCardinality();
+    }
+    return cardinality;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Compresses the bitmap wherever it is more space efficient.
+   *
+   * @return whether the bitmap was compressed

Review Comment:
   I renamed this part a bit.



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