Mola-maker opened a new issue, #53500:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/53500
### Describe the bug
Parquet metadata and schema equality can terminate the Python interpreter
when the other operand is `None`. For example, checking
`metadata.row_group(0).column(0).statistics == None` causes SIGSEGV instead of
returning `False`.
The `equals()` methods accept a typed Cython object without rejecting
`None`, then access its native pointer. `FileMetaData.equals()` already uses
`other not None`; the other five metadata/schema classes do not.
### Reproducer
Run in an isolated Python process:
```python
import pyarrow as pa
import pyarrow.parquet as pq
sink = pa.BufferOutputStream()
pq.write_table(pa.table({"value": [1, 2, 3]}), sink)
metadata = pq.read_metadata(pa.BufferReader(sink.getvalue()))
statistics = metadata.row_group(0).column(0).statistics
print(statistics == None) # process exits with SIGSEGV
```
The same result occurs with `.equals(None)`, row-group metadata,
column-chunk metadata, and column schemas. On Arch Linux / CPython 3.14.8,
`ParquetSchema` comparison also crashes. On Ubuntu / CPython 3.12.14 it happens
to return `False`. This was reproduced with PyArrow 26.0.0 and with the current
main `_parquet` extension built from source at
`9b34c4a6a8856212b885f6a1e934795af04f3192` against the matching 26.0.0 SDK.
Expected: normal equality with `None` returns `False`; explicit
`.equals(None)` rejects the invalid argument with `TypeError`, consistently
with `FileMetaData`.
### Existing work checked
Open PRs #51161 and #51163 change other Parquet entry points (constructors,
sorting, binary types). Their current patches do not change these five
`equals()` methods. Searches for metadata/schema/statistics comparison and
None-related open PRs found no overlapping fix.
### Component(s)
Python, Parquet
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