westonpace opened a new issue, #34266:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/34266

   ### Describe the enhancement requested
   
   Pivoting longer is an operation that is useful when a single row contains 
multiple observations or measurements.  For example:
   
   | time | left_temp | right_temp |
   | ---- | --------- | ---------- |
   | 1    | 10        | 20         |
   | 2    | 15        | 18         |
   
   The columns `left_temp` and `right_temp` are really the combination of a 
"feature" (`location`) and a "measurement" (`temp`).  We can pivot longer to 
extract these into their own columns:
   
   | time | location | temp |
   | --- | --- | --- |
   | 1    | left     | 10   |
   | 1    | right    | 20   |
   | 2    | left     | 15   |
   | 2    | right    | 18   |
   
   The addition of this capability should make it possible to fully bind 
tidyr's pivot_longer and pivot_wider (the latter can be expressed using a 
combination of `project` and `aggregate`).  However, there is a considerable 
amount of convenience that could still be added and much of this is captured in 
the parent issue #34265
   
   ### Component(s)
   
   C++


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