Hi charlie, > We tried the suggestion below, and the grops error has stopped
Good. > now we are only getting a troff permissions error... > > "Groff: couldn't exec troff: Permission denied" As are others. You'r running groff from Perl IIRC. Does perl -le 'system("groff -v"); print $?' work? Here it ends with the versions of grops and then troff, and then 0 for $?. I'd hope not, for some consistency. It's clear groff can get grops to run else the earlier O_BINARY problem wouldn't have been found. Sticking with the above perl, what if you swap grops.exe and troff.exe around beforehand; grops should still be run first but that's now troff and will report troff since it's hardcoded in it. The output order will be swapped; troff then grops. Is there any anti-virus/malware/... software installed that could be watching what groff is doing and intercepting its attempt to run troff because of some accidental hit against its rules? Can it all be turned off? Cheers, Ralph. P.S. Separate from your problem, more for the list in general, I've just noticed that this old groff's -V doesn't print a pipeline that gives the same effect every time, e.g. $ groff -VVv GNU groff version 1.20.1 Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. GNU groff comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. You may redistribute copies of groff and its subprograms under the terms of the GNU General Public License. For more information about these matters, see the file named COPYING. called subprograms: GNU grops (groff) version 1.20.1 GNU troff (groff) version 1.20.1 troff -v -Tps | grops -v $ $ troff -v -Tps | grops -v GNU grops (groff) version 1.20.1 $