> refer(1) man page suggests that refer output is incompatible > with mm.
This probably only means that mm does not provide the macros for which refer inserts calls. > So if I want to use refer, I have to use either ms or me, > right? No. You can provide your own refer-macros. Their intended function is described in the (groff) refer manual page under "Macro interface". A quick Google search comes up with http://collaboration.cmc.ec.gc.ca/science/rpn/biblio/ddj/Website/articles/SA/v03/i04/a11.htm which is probably designed for the original mm, but may nevertheless be a useful starting point.