anishmehta24 opened a new pull request, #25513:
URL: https://github.com/apache/datafusion/pull/25513

   ## Which issue does this PR close?
   
   - Closes #25504.
   
   ## Rationale for this change
   
   `Expr::is_volatile_node` only matched `Expr::ScalarFunction`, so 
`Expr::is_volatile` never saw the volatility that an `AggregateUDF`, 
`WindowUDF` or `HigherOrderUDF` declares in its signature. Every optimizer rule 
built on `is_volatile` (common subexpression elimination, filter pushdown, 
TopK-through-join, the simplifier, `is_repeatable` in `optimizer::utils`) 
therefore treated a volatile user-defined function of those kinds as 
deterministic and could deduplicate, move or double-evaluate it. The physical 
`HigherOrderFunctionExpr::is_volatile_node` already checks its signature; the 
logical `Expr` was the outlier.
   
   ## What changes are included in this PR?
   
   `Expr::is_volatile_node` now reads the signature volatility of 
`Expr::ScalarFunction`, `Expr::AggregateFunction`, `Expr::WindowFunction` (both 
`WindowFunctionDefinition` variants, so an aggregate used as a window function 
keeps its volatility) and `Expr::HigherOrderFunction`. Every other node is 
still non-volatile. `Expr::is_volatile` is unchanged and picks the new cases up 
through `exists`.
   
   ## What is the testing strategy for this PR?
   
   New unit test 
`expr::test::test_is_volatile_aggregate_window_and_higher_order_funcs` in 
`datafusion/expr/src/expr.rs`: for `Immutable`, `Stable` and `Volatile` 
signatures it builds an aggregate, a window aggregate, a window UDF and a 
higher-order function call and checks `is_volatile_node` / `is_volatile`, plus 
the nested `lit + agg` case. The aggregate/window/HOF assertions fail on 
`main`. All built-in functions in these categories are `Immutable`, so the 
existing sqllogictests are unaffected.
   
   ## Are there any user-facing changes?
   
   Optimizer rules now leave volatile user-defined aggregate, window and 
higher-order functions alone, as they already did for volatile scalar 
functions. No API change.
   
   🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)
   


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