andygrove commented on code in PR #4459:
URL: https://github.com/apache/datafusion-comet/pull/4459#discussion_r3736237663


##########
spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/serde/CometScalaUDF.scala:
##########
@@ -53,8 +54,45 @@ import org.apache.comet.udf.codegen.CometScalaUDFCodegen
  */
 object CometScalaUDF extends CometExpressionSerde[ScalaUDF] {
 
-  override def convert(expr: ScalaUDF, inputs: Seq[Attribute], binding: 
Boolean): Option[Expr] =
-    emitJvmCodegenDispatch(expr, inputs, binding)
+  override def convert(expr: ScalaUDF, inputs: Seq[Attribute], binding: 
Boolean): Option[Expr] = {
+    // First check if this udfName is a registered Rust UDF -- those get 
emitted as RustUdfCall
+    // and dispatched to the loaded cdylib rather than the JVM codegen 
dispatcher.
+    expr.udfName.flatMap(CometRustUdfRegistry.instance.get) match {

Review Comment:
   You were right to ask, and the answer is worse than a namespace clash: the 
second registration is silently answered by the first's library. I wrote the 
test you suggested and it fails today —
   
   ```
   - an ordinary Scala UDF is not answered by a Rust UDF of the same name *** 
FAILED ***
     ArraySeq(0, 1, 2) did not equal List(0, 10, 20) the Scala UDF's call was 
answered by the Rust UDF
   ```
   
   `echo_c` registered as a Rust UDF, then `spark.udf.register("echo_c", (x: 
Long) => x * 10)`, then `SELECT echo_c(id)` returns `id` rather than `id * 10`. 
The serde matches `udfName` against the registry, gets a hit, emits 
`RustUdfCall`, and the plan-time return-type check passes because the declared 
type happens to agree. Nothing warns.
   
   The test is in the suite as `ignore`d, with the observed failure recorded in 
a comment, so it turns into a passing test with the fix rather than being 
rediscovered.
   
   On the fix: the obvious one does not work, which is worth writing down 
because I tried it. I made the registry hold the closure from the catalog stub 
and compared it against `ScalaUDF.function` by identity. It fails to compile on 
Spark 4 and would not have worked anyway:
   
   - `functions.udf(f: UDF1[_, _], returnType: DataType)` wraps the `UDFn` it 
is handed, so the object that ends up in `ScalaUDF.function` is a closure Spark 
created, not the one Comet passed in.
   - The `udf(f: AnyRef, dataType: DataType)` overload that would have 
preserved identity is gone in Spark 4 — with a pre-bound Scala function the 
only applicable overloads are the Java `UDF0..UDF4` ones, hence `found: Any => 
Nothing, required: org.apache.spark.sql.api.java.UDF1[_, _]`.
   
   What I think the fix is: skip `spark.udf.register` for the stub and register 
a builder directly in the session's `FunctionRegistry` that emits a `ScalaUDF` 
whose `function` Comet owns. `ScalaUDF`'s constructor is byte-for-byte the same 
shape in 3.4.3 and 4.1.1, so that part is portable, and it would also lift the 
arity-4 stub cap for free. It needs an arity check of its own and a run across 
all the profiles, so I'd rather do it as a follow-up than bolt it on here. 
Filing one.



##########
spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/udf/CometRustUDF.scala:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.comet.udf
+
+import scala.util.Try
+
+import org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession
+import org.apache.spark.sql.expressions.UserDefinedFunction
+import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.udf
+import org.apache.spark.sql.types.DataType
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.ObjectNode
+
+/**
+ * Entry point for registering Rust scalar UDFs with Comet.
+ *
+ * The UDF cdylib is built against the `comet-udf-sdk` crate and exposes its 
functions through an
+ * ABI built only on the Arrow C Data Interface, so a compiled UDF is not tied 
to Comet's
+ * DataFusion version.
+ *
+ * This is an experimental API. It is deliberately not annotated
+ * `org.apache.comet.annotation.Public`, so it sits outside the enumerated 
public API in Comet's
+ * [[https://datafusion.apache.org/comet/about/versioning_policy.html 
versioning policy]] and
+ * carries no compatibility guarantee: it may change or be removed in any 
release, including a
+ * patch release, with no deprecation cycle.
+ */
+object CometRustUDF {
+
+  private val mapper: ObjectMapper = new ObjectMapper()
+
+  /**
+   * Register a single Rust UDF with an explicit signature.
+   *
+   * Validates the library on the driver (loads it, confirms a UDF named 
`name` exists). On
+   * success a stub Spark catalog UDF is installed (so SQL/DataFrame name 
resolution succeeds) and
+   * the driver-side registry is updated.
+   *
+   * Executors do not consult the driver's registry: the library path travels 
with the plan in the
+   * `RustUdfCall` proto, and each executor loads the library itself on first 
use. The path must
+   * therefore be valid on every executor, not just the driver.
+   *
+   * `deterministic` must be `true`. Comet plans every imported kernel as 
immutable, so a
+   * nondeterministic UDF cannot yet be expressed; passing `false` fails here 
rather than silently
+   * planning the function as pure.
+   */
+  def register(
+      spark: SparkSession,
+      name: String,
+      libraryPath: String,
+      inputTypes: Seq[DataType],
+      returnType: DataType,
+      deterministic: Boolean = true): Unit = {
+    if (!deterministic) {
+      // The native signature is built once per library load with
+      // Volatility::Immutable, while determinism is declared per 
registration, so the
+      // flag cannot be honored without reworking how kernels are cached. 
Until then a
+      // `false` here would let DataFusion constant-fold or CSE a call the 
user told us
+      // was not safe to reuse.
+      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+        s"Rust UDF '$name': deterministic = false is not supported yet. Comet 
plans Rust UDFs " +
+          "as immutable, so a nondeterministic function may be constant-folded 
or eliminated " +
+          "as a common subexpression. See 
https://github.com/apache/datafusion-comet/issues/5249";)
+    }
+    val described = describeOne(libraryPath, name)
+    require(described.name == name, s"unexpected name from native: 
${described.name}")
+    installCatalogStub(spark, name, inputTypes, returnType, deterministic)
+    val meta = RustUdfMetadata(libraryPath, inputTypes, returnType, 
deterministic)
+    CometRustUdfRegistry.instance.register(name, meta)

Review Comment:
   Fixed — the registry entry is published before the stub now. You had the 
failure mode right: the stub is what makes the name resolvable to the analyzer, 
so in the old order a query planned in that window found no registry entry, 
fell through to the JVM codegen dispatcher, and hit the stub's "not evaluated" 
exception.



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