Phoenix500526 opened a new pull request, #23176:
URL: https://github.com/apache/datafusion/pull/23176

   ## Which issue does this PR close?
   
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   - Closes #23138 .
   
   ## Rationale for this change
   
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   For an optimized plan, common subexpression elimination can leave a
   `SubqueryAlias` over two stacked `Projection`s (it factors a shared 
expression
   into an extra inner projection). The plan is correct; the unparser just 
cannot
   render it accurately.
   
   When unparsing such a subquery, `unparse_table_scan_pushdown` pushes the
   subquery alias down to the aliased table scan and rebases each projection's
   columns to that alias. That is correct for the projection directly above the
   scan, but an *outer* stacked projection sits over a derived table where the
   alias is no longer in scope, so rebasing its qualified pass-through columns
   emits references the surrounding query cannot resolve.
   
   For the reproducer in the issue the generated SQL is (note the middle
   `"o"."order_id"`):
   
   ```sql
   ... INNER JOIN (
     SELECT "o"."order_id", CASE WHEN "__common_expr_1" ... END AS 
"discount_pct_2"
     FROM (SELECT CAST("o"."discount_pct" ...) AS "__common_expr_1", 
"o"."order_id"
           FROM "warehouse"."main"."orders" AS "o")
   ) AS "o" ON ...
   ```
   
   DuckDB rejects it with Binder Error: Referenced table "o" not found!, because
   "o" is only the base-table alias one level deeper, not visible in the
   intermediate derived table.
   
   ## What changes are included in this PR?
   
   <!--
   There is no need to duplicate the description in the issue here but it is 
sometimes worth providing a summary of the individual changes in this PR.
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   In unparse_table_scan_pushdown's Projection arm, detect the stacked case:
   if the recursive pushdown result is itself a Projection, this projection
   sits over a derived table rather than directly over the aliased scan.
   In that case, strip the table qualifier from the projection's pass-through
   columns so they reference the derived table's output unqualified, instead of
   being rebased to the (out-of-scope) scan alias. The projection is built
   directly (Projection::try_new) so the unqualified columns are not
   re-normalized back to the alias.
   The projection directly above the scan is unchanged and still rebases to the
   alias.
   After the fix the middle column is unqualified and the SQL is valid:
   
   ```sql
   ... INNER JOIN (
     SELECT "order_id", CASE WHEN "__common_expr_1" ... END AS "discount_pct_2"
     FROM (SELECT CAST("o"."discount_pct" ...) AS "__common_expr_1", 
"o"."order_id"
           FROM "warehouse"."main"."orders" AS "o")
   ) AS "o" ON ...
   ```
   
   ## Are these changes tested?
   
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   New test `optimized_duckdb_unparse_qualifies_nested_passthrough_column` in
   `datafusion/core/tests/sql/unparser.rs`, asserting the intermediate derived
   table no longer carries the out-of-scope alias.
   
   ## Are there any user-facing changes?
   
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updated before approving the PR.
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   If there are any breaking changes to public APIs, please add the `api 
change` label.
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   No public API changes.
   


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