Am Wed, Mar 05, 2025 at 03:53:51PM +0000 schrieb Peter Humphrey:
> Greetings,
> 
> After reading the recent conversation on m.2 SSDs in a USB-3 enclosure, I 
> decided to give it a try. I bought a 4TB Samsung 990 PRO NVMe M.2 SSD and a 
> Ugreen NVMe USB-3 enclosure. I'm pleased with the performance, but when I 
> tried running fstrim on it I got a "not supported" error.

To get confirmation, try to find out what controller chip is used in the 
enclosure. I looked at a product search for “Ugreen M.2 USB” and just on the 
first page found three different models with three different controller 
chips, from Asmedia, JMicron and Realtek. Then you can check the data sheet 
whether it supports the necessary functions.

> The same result came from an older 20TB USB-3 spinning disk.

Spinning disks only support TRIM if they are SMR.

> Is this simply because of the USB link?

The link itself not. The controller needs to support and implement the 
relevant functions. Sometimes it’s also an issue of discovery. Pages like 
https://kb.plugable.com/data-storage/trim-an-ssd-in-linux mention a udev 
rule which helps linux at detecting TRIM.

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