An expression_function_declaration is a different syntactic category from a subprogram_declaration. As a consequence, an expression function cannot appear in a protected definition, i.e. cannot declare a protected operation.
Compiling essai.adb must yield: essai.adb:4:07: an expression function is not a legal protected operation essai.adb:7:07: an expression function is not a legal protected operation --- pragma Ada_2012; procedure Essai is protected P1 is function F1 return Integer is (1); function F2 return Integer; -- ERROR private function F3 return Boolean is (False); -- ERROR end P1; protected body P1 is function F2 return Integer is (1); -- OK end P1; begin null; end Essai; Tested on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, committed on trunk 2013-01-29 Ed Schonberg <schonb...@adacore.com> * sem_ch6.adb (Analyze_Expression_Function): An expression function declaration is not a subprogram declaration, and thus cannot appear in a protected definition.
Index: sem_ch6.adb =================================================================== --- sem_ch6.adb (revision 195540) +++ sem_ch6.adb (working copy) @@ -408,6 +408,15 @@ -- that the expression can be inlined whenever possible. else + -- An expression function that is not a completion is not a + -- subprogram declaration, and thus cannot appear in a protected + -- definition. + + if Nkind (Parent (N)) = N_Protected_Definition then + Error_Msg_N + ("an expression function is not a legal protected operation", N); + end if; + New_Decl := Make_Subprogram_Declaration (Loc, Specification => Spec);