The following is what I use to track down PR55792 - it adds verification
that the GIMPLE IL only contains references to BLOCKs that are part
of the functions BLOCK tree.  Otherwise BLOCKs lack a reference that is
seen by the garbage collector and funny things can happen.

It probably should also scan DEBUG_STMTs.

Do we want this in trunk or should it wait for stage1?

Thanks,
Richard.

Index: gcc/tree-cfg.c
===================================================================
*** gcc/tree-cfg.c.orig 2013-01-10 12:21:01.000000000 +0100
--- gcc/tree-cfg.c      2013-01-10 13:39:46.478923857 +0100
*************** verify_eh_throw_stmt_node (void **slot,
*** 4519,4524 ****
--- 4519,4581 ----
    return 1;
  }
  
+ /* Verify if the location LOCs block is in BLOCKS.  */
+ 
+ static bool
+ verify_location (pointer_set_t *blocks, location_t loc)
+ {
+   tree block = LOCATION_BLOCK (loc);
+   if (block != NULL_TREE
+       && !pointer_set_contains (blocks, block))
+     {
+       error ("location references block not in block tree");
+       return true;
+     }
+   return false;
+ }
+ 
+ /* Called via walk_tree.  Verify locations of expressions.  */
+ 
+ static tree
+ verify_expr_location_1 (tree *tp, int *walk_subtrees, void *data)
+ {
+   struct pointer_set_t *blocks = (struct pointer_set_t *) data;
+ 
+   if (!EXPR_P (*tp))
+     {
+       *walk_subtrees = false;
+       return NULL;
+     }
+ 
+   location_t loc = EXPR_LOCATION (*tp);
+   if (verify_location (blocks, loc))
+     return *tp;
+ 
+   return NULL;
+ }
+ 
+ /* Called via walk_gimple_op.  Verify locations of expressions.  */
+ 
+ static tree
+ verify_expr_location (tree *tp, int *walk_subtrees, void *data)
+ {
+   struct walk_stmt_info *wi = (struct walk_stmt_info *) data;
+   return verify_expr_location_1 (tp, walk_subtrees, wi->info);
+ }
+ 
+ /* Insert all subblocks of BLOCK into BLOCKS and recurse.  */
+ 
+ static void
+ collect_subblocks (pointer_set_t *blocks, tree block)
+ {
+   tree t;
+   for (t = BLOCK_SUBBLOCKS (block); t; t = BLOCK_CHAIN (t))
+     {
+       pointer_set_insert (blocks, t);
+       collect_subblocks (blocks, t);
+     }
+ }
+ 
  /* Verify the GIMPLE statements in the CFG of FN.  */
  
  DEBUG_FUNCTION void
*************** verify_gimple_in_cfg (struct function *f
*** 4526,4537 ****
  {
    basic_block bb;
    bool err = false;
!   struct pointer_set_t *visited, *visited_stmts;
  
    timevar_push (TV_TREE_STMT_VERIFY);
    visited = pointer_set_create ();
    visited_stmts = pointer_set_create ();
  
    FOR_EACH_BB_FN (bb, fn)
      {
        gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;
--- 4583,4602 ----
  {
    basic_block bb;
    bool err = false;
!   struct pointer_set_t *visited, *visited_stmts, *blocks;
  
    timevar_push (TV_TREE_STMT_VERIFY);
    visited = pointer_set_create ();
    visited_stmts = pointer_set_create ();
  
+   /* Collect all BLOCKs referenced by the BLOCK tree of FN.  */
+   blocks = pointer_set_create ();
+   if (DECL_INITIAL (fn->decl))
+     {
+       pointer_set_insert (blocks, DECL_INITIAL (fn->decl));
+       collect_subblocks (blocks, DECL_INITIAL (fn->decl));
+     }
+ 
    FOR_EACH_BB_FN (bb, fn)
      {
        gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;
*************** verify_gimple_in_cfg (struct function *f
*** 4552,4557 ****
--- 4617,4629 ----
  
          err2 |= verify_gimple_phi (phi);
  
+         /* Only PHI arguments have locations.  */
+         if (gimple_location (phi) != UNKNOWN_LOCATION)
+           {
+             error ("PHI node with location");
+             err2 = true;
+           }
+ 
          for (i = 0; i < gimple_phi_num_args (phi); i++)
            {
              tree arg = gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, i);
*************** verify_gimple_in_cfg (struct function *f
*** 4562,4567 ****
--- 4634,4653 ----
                  debug_generic_expr (addr);
                  err2 |= true;
                }
+             location_t loc = gimple_phi_arg_location (phi, i);
+             if (virtual_operand_p (gimple_phi_result (phi))
+                 && loc != UNKNOWN_LOCATION)
+               {
+                 error ("virtual PHI with argument locations");
+                 err2 = true;
+               }
+             addr = walk_tree (&arg, verify_expr_location_1, blocks, NULL);
+             if (addr)
+               {
+                 debug_generic_expr (addr);
+                 err2 = true;
+               }
+             err2 |= verify_location (blocks, loc);
            }
  
          if (err2)
*************** verify_gimple_in_cfg (struct function *f
*** 4586,4591 ****
--- 4672,4678 ----
            }
  
          err2 |= verify_gimple_stmt (stmt);
+         err2 |= verify_location (blocks, gimple_location (stmt));
  
          memset (&wi, 0, sizeof (wi));
          wi.info = (void *) visited;
*************** verify_gimple_in_cfg (struct function *f
*** 4597,4602 ****
--- 4684,4698 ----
              err2 |= true;
            }
  
+         memset (&wi, 0, sizeof (wi));
+         wi.info = (void *) blocks;
+         addr = walk_gimple_op (stmt, verify_expr_location, &wi);
+         if (addr)
+           {
+             debug_generic_expr (addr);
+             err2 |= true;
+           }
+ 
          /* ???  Instead of not checking these stmts at all the walker
             should know its context via wi.  */
          if (!is_gimple_debug (stmt)
*************** verify_gimple_in_cfg (struct function *f
*** 4651,4656 ****
--- 4747,4753 ----
  
    pointer_set_destroy (visited);
    pointer_set_destroy (visited_stmts);
+   pointer_set_destroy (blocks);
    verify_histograms ();
    timevar_pop (TV_TREE_STMT_VERIFY);
  }

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