This patch is my new way to handle what was previously done in v2 patch
04/14, discussed at:
https://gcc.gnu.org/pipermail/gcc-patches/2024-November/669527.html

The only places I have found running into trouble with reallocated PHI nodes
(at least, the only places revealed by changing the size of location_t) are
those which remember a gphi object before a call to loop_version() and then
try to use it after. I fixed three affected call sites in this new patch.

-- >8 --

While testing upcoming support for 64-bit location_t, I came across some
test failures on sparc (32-bit) that trigger when location_t is changed to
be 64-bit. The reason is that several call sites that make use of
loop_version() for performing loop optimizations assume that a gphi*
obtained prior to calling loop_version() will remain valid afterwards, but
this is not the case for a PHI that needs to be resized. It doesn't happen
usually, because PHI nodes usually have room for at least 4 arguments and
this is usually more than are needed, but this is not guaranteed.

Fix the affected callers by avoiding the assumption that a PHI node pointer
remains valid. For most cases, this is done by remembering instead the
gphi->result pointer, which contains a pointer back to the PHI node that is
kept up to date when the PHI is moved to a new address.

gcc/ChangeLog:

        * tree-parloops.cc (struct reduction_info): Store the result of the
        reduction PHI rather than the PHI itself.
        (reduction_info::reduc_phi): New member function.
        (reduction_hasher::equal): Adapt to the change in struct reduction_info.
        (reduction_phi): Likewise.
        (initialize_reductions): Likewise.
        (create_call_for_reduction_1): Likewise.
        (transform_to_exit_first_loop_alt): Likewise.
        (transform_to_exit_first_loop): Likewise.
        (build_new_reduction): Likewise.
        (set_reduc_phi_uids): Likewise.
        (try_create_reduction_list): Likewise.
        * tree-ssa-loop-split.cc (split_loop): Remember the PHI result
        variable so that the PHI can be found in case it is resized and move
        to a new address.
        * tree-vect-loop-manip.cc (vect_loop_versioning): After calling
        loop_version(), fix up stored PHI pointers in case they have
        changed.
        * tree-vectorizer.cc (vec_info::resync_stmt_addr): New function.
        * tree-vectorizer.h (vec_info::resync_stmt_addr): Declare.
---
 gcc/tree-parloops.cc        | 40 +++++++++++++++++++++++--------------
 gcc/tree-ssa-loop-split.cc  |  7 +++++++
 gcc/tree-vect-loop-manip.cc |  8 ++++++++
 gcc/tree-vectorizer.cc      | 20 +++++++++++++++++++
 gcc/tree-vectorizer.h       |  1 +
 5 files changed, 61 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gcc/tree-parloops.cc b/gcc/tree-parloops.cc
index 13d8e84bc8f..8427c287a6a 100644
--- a/gcc/tree-parloops.cc
+++ b/gcc/tree-parloops.cc
@@ -895,7 +895,7 @@ parloops_force_simple_reduction (loop_vec_info loop_info, 
stmt_vec_info phi_info
 struct reduction_info
 {
   gimple *reduc_stmt;          /* reduction statement.  */
-  gimple *reduc_phi;           /* The phi node defining the reduction.  */
+  tree reduc_phi_name;         /* The result of the phi node defining the 
reduction.  */
   enum tree_code reduction_code;/* code for the reduction operation.  */
   unsigned reduc_version;      /* SSA_NAME_VERSION of original reduc_phi
                                   result.  */
@@ -910,6 +910,12 @@ struct reduction_info
                                   will be passed to the atomic operation.  
Represents
                                   the local result each thread computed for 
the reduction
                                   operation.  */
+
+  gphi *
+  reduc_phi () const
+  {
+    return as_a<gphi *> (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (reduc_phi_name));
+  }
 };
 
 /* Reduction info hashtable helpers.  */
@@ -925,7 +931,7 @@ struct reduction_hasher : free_ptr_hash <reduction_info>
 inline bool
 reduction_hasher::equal (const reduction_info *a, const reduction_info *b)
 {
-  return (a->reduc_phi == b->reduc_phi);
+  return (a->reduc_phi_name == b->reduc_phi_name);
 }
 
 inline hashval_t
@@ -949,10 +955,10 @@ reduction_phi (reduction_info_table_type *reduction_list, 
gimple *phi)
       || gimple_uid (phi) == 0)
     return NULL;
 
-  tmpred.reduc_phi = phi;
+  tmpred.reduc_phi_name = gimple_phi_result (phi);
   tmpred.reduc_version = gimple_uid (phi);
   red = reduction_list->find (&tmpred);
-  gcc_assert (red == NULL || red->reduc_phi == phi);
+  gcc_assert (red == NULL || red->reduc_phi () == phi);
 
   return red;
 }
@@ -1294,7 +1300,7 @@ initialize_reductions (reduction_info **slot, class loop 
*loop)
      from the preheader with the reduction initialization value.  */
 
   /* Initialize the reduction.  */
-  type = TREE_TYPE (PHI_RESULT (reduc->reduc_phi));
+  type = TREE_TYPE (reduc->reduc_phi_name);
   init = omp_reduction_init_op (gimple_location (reduc->reduc_stmt),
                                reduc->reduction_code, type);
   reduc->init = init;
@@ -1308,11 +1314,11 @@ initialize_reductions (reduction_info **slot, class 
loop *loop)
      computing is done.  */
 
   e = loop_preheader_edge (loop);
-  arg = PHI_ARG_DEF_FROM_EDGE (reduc->reduc_phi, e);
+  const auto phi = reduc->reduc_phi ();
+  arg = PHI_ARG_DEF_FROM_EDGE (phi, e);
   /* Create new variable to hold the initial value.  */
 
-  SET_USE (PHI_ARG_DEF_PTR_FROM_EDGE
-          (reduc->reduc_phi, loop_preheader_edge (loop)), init);
+  SET_USE (PHI_ARG_DEF_PTR_FROM_EDGE (phi, loop_preheader_edge (loop)), init);
   reduc->initial_value = arg;
   return 1;
 }
@@ -1795,7 +1801,7 @@ create_call_for_reduction_1 (reduction_info **slot, 
struct clsn_data *clsn_data)
 {
   struct reduction_info *const reduc = *slot;
   gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;
-  tree type = TREE_TYPE (PHI_RESULT (reduc->reduc_phi));
+  tree type = TREE_TYPE (reduc->reduc_phi_name);
   tree load_struct;
   basic_block bb;
   basic_block new_bb;
@@ -2424,8 +2430,9 @@ transform_to_exit_first_loop_alt (class loop *loop,
       if (red)
        {
          /* Register the new reduction phi.  */
-         red->reduc_phi = nphi;
-         gimple_set_uid (red->reduc_phi, red->reduc_version);
+         red->reduc_phi_name = res_c;
+         gcc_checking_assert (red->reduc_phi () == nphi);
+         gimple_set_uid (nphi, red->reduc_version);
        }
     }
   gcc_assert (gsi_end_p (gsi) && !v->iterate (i, &vm));
@@ -2651,6 +2658,8 @@ transform_to_exit_first_loop (class loop *loop,
       phi = gsi.phi ();
       res = PHI_RESULT (phi);
       t = copy_ssa_name (res, phi);
+      if (auto red = reduction_phi (reduction_list, phi))
+       red->reduc_phi_name = t;
       SET_PHI_RESULT (phi, t);
       nphi = create_phi_node (res, orig_header);
       add_phi_arg (nphi, t, hpred, UNKNOWN_LOCATION);
@@ -3263,8 +3272,9 @@ build_new_reduction (reduction_info_table_type 
*reduction_list,
   new_reduction = XCNEW (struct reduction_info);
 
   new_reduction->reduc_stmt = reduc_stmt;
-  new_reduction->reduc_phi = phi;
-  new_reduction->reduc_version = SSA_NAME_VERSION (gimple_phi_result (phi));
+  const auto phi_name = gimple_phi_result (phi);
+  new_reduction->reduc_phi_name = phi_name;
+  new_reduction->reduc_version = SSA_NAME_VERSION (phi_name);
   new_reduction->reduction_code = reduction_code;
   slot = reduction_list->find_slot (new_reduction, INSERT);
   *slot = new_reduction;
@@ -3276,7 +3286,7 @@ int
 set_reduc_phi_uids (reduction_info **slot, void *data ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
 {
   struct reduction_info *const red = *slot;
-  gimple_set_uid (red->reduc_phi, red->reduc_version);
+  gimple_set_uid (red->reduc_phi (), red->reduc_version);
   return 1;
 }
 
@@ -3559,7 +3569,7 @@ try_create_reduction_list (loop_p loop,
          if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
            {
              fprintf (dump_file, "reduction phi is  ");
-             print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, red->reduc_phi, 0);
+             print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, red->reduc_phi (), 0);
              fprintf (dump_file, "reduction stmt is  ");
              print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, red->reduc_stmt, 0);
            }
diff --git a/gcc/tree-ssa-loop-split.cc b/gcc/tree-ssa-loop-split.cc
index 48d153d794a..a64066a9ae4 100644
--- a/gcc/tree-ssa-loop-split.cc
+++ b/gcc/tree-ssa-loop-split.cc
@@ -622,6 +622,7 @@ split_loop (class loop *loop1)
        gphi *phi = find_or_create_guard_phi (loop1, guard_iv, &iv);
        if (!phi)
          continue;
+       const tree phi_result = gimple_phi_result (phi);
        gcond *guard_stmt = as_a<gcond *> (*gsi_last_bb (bbs[i]));
        tree guard_init = PHI_ARG_DEF_FROM_EDGE (phi,
                                                 loop_preheader_edge (loop1));
@@ -703,6 +704,12 @@ split_loop (class loop *loop1)
                                          profile_probability::very_likely (),
                                          true);
        gcc_assert (loop2);
+
+       /* The phi address may have changed due to being resized in
+          loop_version (), so reobtain it.  */
+       phi = as_a<gphi *> (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (phi_result));
+       gcc_checking_assert (gimple_bb (phi) == loop1->header);
+
        /* Correct probability of edge  cond_bb->preheader_of_loop2.  */
        single_pred_edge
                (loop_preheader_edge (loop2)->src)->probability
diff --git a/gcc/tree-vect-loop-manip.cc b/gcc/tree-vect-loop-manip.cc
index 54b29540eb5..4f3abb94e6a 100644
--- a/gcc/tree-vect-loop-manip.cc
+++ b/gcc/tree-vect-loop-manip.cc
@@ -4190,6 +4190,14 @@ vect_loop_versioning (loop_vec_info loop_vinfo,
                            prob * prob2, (prob * prob2).invert (),
                            prob * prob2, (prob * prob2).invert (),
                            true);
+
+      /* If the PHI nodes in the loop header were reallocated, we need to fix 
up
+        our internally stashed copies of those.  */
+      if (loop_to_version == loop)
+       for (auto gsi = gsi_start_phis (loop->header);
+            !gsi_end_p (gsi); gsi_next (&gsi))
+         loop_vinfo->resync_stmt_addr (gsi.phi ());
+
       /* We will later insert second conditional so overall outcome of
         both is prob * prob2.  */
       edge true_e, false_e;
diff --git a/gcc/tree-vectorizer.cc b/gcc/tree-vectorizer.cc
index 9a068a40864..c8bb0fe14fc 100644
--- a/gcc/tree-vectorizer.cc
+++ b/gcc/tree-vectorizer.cc
@@ -541,6 +541,26 @@ vec_info::add_pattern_stmt (gimple *stmt, stmt_vec_info 
stmt_info)
   return res;
 }
 
+/* If STMT was previously associated with a stmt_vec_info and STMT now resides
+   at a different address than before (e.g., because STMT is a phi node that 
has
+   been resized), update the expected address to match the new one.  */
+
+stmt_vec_info
+vec_info::resync_stmt_addr (gimple *stmt)
+{
+  unsigned int uid = gimple_uid (stmt);
+  if (uid > 0 && uid - 1 < stmt_vec_infos.length ())
+    {
+      stmt_vec_info res = stmt_vec_infos[uid - 1];
+      if (res && res->stmt)
+       {
+         res->stmt = stmt;
+         return res;
+       }
+    }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
 /* If STMT has an associated stmt_vec_info, return that vec_info, otherwise
    return null.  It is safe to call this function on any statement, even if
    it might not be part of the vectorizable region.  */
diff --git a/gcc/tree-vectorizer.h b/gcc/tree-vectorizer.h
index 7f69a3f57b4..749a9299d35 100644
--- a/gcc/tree-vectorizer.h
+++ b/gcc/tree-vectorizer.h
@@ -500,6 +500,7 @@ public:
 
   stmt_vec_info add_stmt (gimple *);
   stmt_vec_info add_pattern_stmt (gimple *, stmt_vec_info);
+  stmt_vec_info resync_stmt_addr (gimple *);
   stmt_vec_info lookup_stmt (gimple *);
   stmt_vec_info lookup_def (tree);
   stmt_vec_info lookup_single_use (tree);

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