Bootstrapped and regtested on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, OK for trunk?

-- >8 --

Unification for conversion operators (DEDUCE_CONV) doesn't perform
transformations like handling forwarding references. This is correct in
general, but not for xobj parameters, which should be handled "normally"
for the purposes of deduction: [temp.deduct.conv] only applies to the
return type of the conversion function.

        PR c++/113629

gcc/cp/ChangeLog:

        * pt.cc (type_unification_real): Use DEDUCE_CALL for xobj
        parameters of conversion functions.

gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:

        * g++.dg/cpp23/explicit-obj-conv-op.C: New test.

Signed-off-by: Nathaniel Shead <nathanielosh...@gmail.com>
---
 gcc/cp/pt.cc                                  | 15 +++++-
 .../g++.dg/cpp23/explicit-obj-conv-op.C       | 49 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 63 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp23/explicit-obj-conv-op.C

diff --git a/gcc/cp/pt.cc b/gcc/cp/pt.cc
index c4bc54a8fdb..632437d3424 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/pt.cc
+++ b/gcc/cp/pt.cc
@@ -23281,6 +23281,10 @@ type_unification_real (tree tparms,
      in TARGS.  */
   NON_DEFAULT_TEMPLATE_ARGS_COUNT (targs) = NULL_TREE;
 
+  bool is_xobj_conv_fn
+    = (strict == DEDUCE_CONV
+       && DECL_XOBJ_MEMBER_FUNCTION_P (TREE_TYPE (tparms)));
+
  again:
   parms = xparms;
   args = xargs;
@@ -23312,10 +23316,17 @@ type_unification_real (tree tparms,
           parameter pack is a non-deduced context.  */
        continue;
 
+      /* For explicit object parameters, unification should behave like
+        normal function calls, even for conversion functions.  This
+        corresponds to the second (that is, last) argument.  */
+      unification_kind_t kind = strict;
+      if (is_xobj_conv_fn && ia > 0)
+       kind = DEDUCE_CALL;
+
       arg = args[ia];
       ++ia;
 
-      if (unify_one_argument (tparms, full_targs, parm, arg, subr, strict,
+      if (unify_one_argument (tparms, full_targs, parm, arg, subr, kind,
                              explain_p))
        return 1;
     }
@@ -23324,6 +23335,8 @@ type_unification_real (tree tparms,
       && parms != void_list_node
       && TREE_CODE (TREE_VALUE (parms)) == TYPE_PACK_EXPANSION)
     {
+      gcc_assert (strict != DEDUCE_CONV);
+
       /* Unify the remaining arguments with the pack expansion type.  */
       tree argvec;
       tree parmvec = make_tree_vec (1);
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp23/explicit-obj-conv-op.C 
b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp23/explicit-obj-conv-op.C
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a6ae4ea1dda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp23/explicit-obj-conv-op.C
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// PR c++/113629
+// { dg-do compile { target c++23 } }
+
+template <typename T> constexpr bool is_lvalue = false;
+template <typename T> constexpr bool is_lvalue<T&> = true;
+
+struct A {
+  constexpr operator bool(this auto&& self) {
+    return is_lvalue<decltype(self)>;
+  }
+};
+
+constexpr A a;
+static_assert(static_cast<bool>(a));
+static_assert((bool)a);
+static_assert(!static_cast<bool>(A{}));
+static_assert(!(bool)A{});
+
+struct B : A {};
+
+constexpr B b;
+static_assert(static_cast<bool>(b));
+static_assert((bool)b);
+static_assert(!static_cast<bool>(B{}));
+static_assert(!(bool)B{});
+
+struct C {
+  template <typename R, typename T>
+  explicit constexpr operator R(this T&&) {
+    return is_lvalue<T>;
+  }
+};
+
+constexpr C c;
+static_assert(static_cast<bool>(c));
+static_assert((bool)c);
+static_assert(!static_cast<bool>(C{}));
+static_assert(!(bool)C{});
+
+struct D {
+  explicit constexpr operator bool(this const D&) { return true; }
+  explicit constexpr operator bool(this const D&&) { return false; }
+};
+
+constexpr D d;
+static_assert(static_cast<bool>(d));
+static_assert((bool)d);
+static_assert(!static_cast<bool>(D{}));
+static_assert(!(bool)D{});
-- 
2.43.2

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