On 12/15/23 14:06, Patrick Palka wrote:
On Mon, 11 Sep 2023, Patrick Palka wrote:

On Thu, 1 Jun 2023, Patrick Palka wrote:

For a complex alias template-id, dependent_alias_template_spec_p returns
true if any template argument of the template-id is dependent.  This
predicate indicates that substitution into the template-id may behave
differently with respect to SFINAE than substitution into the expanded
alias, and so the alias is in a way non-transparent.  For example
'first_t<T, T&>' in

   template<class T, class...> using first_t = T;
   template<class T> first_t<T, T&> f();

is such an alias template-id since first_t doesn't use its second
template parameter and so the substitution into the expanded alias would
discard the SFINAE effects of the corresponding (dependent) argument 'T&'.

But this predicate is overly conservative since what really matters for
sake of SFINAE equivalence is whether a template argument corresponding
to an _unused_ template parameter is dependent.  So the predicate should
return false for e.g. 'first_t<T, int>' or 'first_t<T>'.

This patch refines the predicate appropriately.  We need to be able to
efficiently determine which template parameters of a complex alias
template are unused, so to that end we add a new out parameter to
complex_alias_template_p and cache its result in an on-the-side
hash_map that replaces the existing TEMPLATE_DECL_COMPLEX_ALIAS_P
flag.  And in doing so, we fix a latent bug that this flag wasn't
being propagated during partial instantiation, and so we were treating
all partially instantiated member alias templates as non-complex.

        PR c++/90679

gcc/cp/ChangeLog:

        * cp-tree.h (TEMPLATE_DECL_COMPLEX_ALIAS_P): Remove.
        (most_general_template): Constify parameter.
        * pt.cc (push_template_decl): Adjust after removing
        TEMPLATE_DECL_COMPLEX_ALIAS_P.
        (complex_alias_tmpl_info): New hash_map.
        (uses_all_template_parms_data::seen): Change type to
        tree* from bool*.
        (complex_alias_template_r): Adjust accordingly.
        (complex_alias_template_p): Add 'seen_out' out parameter.
        Call most_general_template and check PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P.
        Use complex_alias_tmpl_info to cache the result and set
        '*seen_out' accordigly.
        (dependent_alias_template_spec_p): Add !processing_template_decl
        early exit test.  Consider dependence of only template arguments
        corresponding to seen template parameters as per

gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:

        * g++.dg/cpp0x/alias-decl-75.C: New test.

Ping.

Ping.  Here's a rebased patch:

OK.

-- >8 --

Subject: [PATCH 1/2] c++: refine dependent_alias_template_spec_p [PR90679]

For a (complex) alias template-id, dependent_alias_template_spec_p
returns true if any template argument of the template-id is dependent.
This predicate indicates that substitution into the template-id may
behave differently with respect to SFINAE than substitution into the
expanded alias, and so the alias is in a way non-transparent.

For example, 'first_t<T, T&>' in

   template<class T, class...> using first_t = T;
   template<class T> first_t<T, T&> f();

is such an alias template-id since first_t doesn't use its second
template parameter and so the substitution into the expanded alias would
discard the SFINAE effects of the corresponding (dependent) argument 'T&'.

But this predicate is overly conservative since what really matters for
sake of SFINAE equivalence is whether a template argument corresponding
to an _unused_ template parameter is dependent.  So the predicate should
return false for e.g. 'first_t<T&, int>'.

This patch refines the predicate appropriately.  We need to be able to
efficiently determine which template parameters of a complex alias
template are unused, so to that end we add a new out parameter to
complex_alias_template_p and cache its result in an on-the-side
hash_map that replaces the existing TEMPLATE_DECL_COMPLEX_ALIAS_P
flag.

        PR c++/90679

gcc/cp/ChangeLog:

        * cp-tree.h (TEMPLATE_DECL_COMPLEX_ALIAS_P): Remove.
        (most_general_template): Constify parameter.
        * pt.cc (push_template_decl): Adjust after removing
        TEMPLATE_DECL_COMPLEX_ALIAS_P.
        (complex_alias_tmpl_info): New hash_map.
        (uses_all_template_parms_data::seen): Change type to
        tree* from bool*.
        (complex_alias_template_r): Adjust accordingly.
        (complex_alias_template_p): Add 'seen_out' out parameter.
        Call most_general_template and check PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P.
        Use complex_alias_tmpl_info to cache the result and set
        '*seen_out' accordigly.
        (dependent_alias_template_spec_p): Add !processing_template_decl
        early exit test.  Consider dependence of only template arguments
        corresponding to seen template parameters as per

gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:

        * g++.dg/cpp0x/alias-decl-76.C: New test.
---
  gcc/cp/cp-tree.h                           |   7 +-
  gcc/cp/pt.cc                               | 104 +++++++++++++++------
  gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/alias-decl-76.C |  24 +++++
  3 files changed, 103 insertions(+), 32 deletions(-)
  create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/alias-decl-76.C

diff --git a/gcc/cp/cp-tree.h b/gcc/cp/cp-tree.h
index f99f6cb26c4..85980c9ad9b 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/cp-tree.h
+++ b/gcc/cp/cp-tree.h
@@ -552,7 +552,6 @@ extern GTY(()) tree cp_global_trees[CPTI_MAX];
     2: DECL_THIS_EXTERN (in VAR_DECL, FUNCTION_DECL or PARM_DECL)
        DECL_IMPLICIT_TYPEDEF_P (in a TYPE_DECL)
        DECL_CONSTRAINT_VAR_P (in a PARM_DECL)
-      TEMPLATE_DECL_COMPLEX_ALIAS_P (in TEMPLATE_DECL)
        DECL_INSTANTIATING_NSDMI_P (in a FIELD_DECL)
        USING_DECL_UNRELATED_P (in USING_DECL)
     3: DECL_IN_AGGR_P.
@@ -3700,10 +3699,6 @@ struct GTY(()) lang_decl {
  #define TYPE_DECL_ALIAS_P(NODE) \
    DECL_LANG_FLAG_6 (TYPE_DECL_CHECK (NODE))
-/* Nonzero for TEMPLATE_DECL means that it is a 'complex' alias template. */
-#define TEMPLATE_DECL_COMPLEX_ALIAS_P(NODE) \
-  DECL_LANG_FLAG_2 (TEMPLATE_DECL_CHECK (NODE))
-
  /* Nonzero for a type which is an alias for another type; i.e, a type
     which declaration was written 'using name-of-type =
     another-type'.  */
@@ -7528,7 +7523,7 @@ extern tree tsubst_argument_pack          (tree, tree, 
tsubst_flags_t, tree);
  extern tree tsubst_template_args              (tree, tree, tsubst_flags_t, 
tree);
  extern tree tsubst_template_arg                       (tree, tree, 
tsubst_flags_t, tree);
  extern tree tsubst_function_parms             (tree, tree, tsubst_flags_t, 
tree);
-extern tree most_general_template              (tree);
+extern tree most_general_template              (const_tree);
  extern tree get_mostly_instantiated_function_type (tree);
  extern bool problematic_instantiation_changed (void);
  extern void record_last_problematic_instantiation (void);
diff --git a/gcc/cp/pt.cc b/gcc/cp/pt.cc
index a82d7ae93aa..a3a79713236 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/pt.cc
+++ b/gcc/cp/pt.cc
@@ -213,7 +213,6 @@ static tree listify (tree);
  static tree listify_autos (tree, tree);
  static tree tsubst_template_parm (tree, tree, tsubst_flags_t);
  static tree instantiate_alias_template (tree, tree, tsubst_flags_t);
-static bool complex_alias_template_p (const_tree tmpl);
  static tree get_underlying_template (tree);
  static tree tsubst_attributes (tree, tree, tsubst_flags_t, tree);
  static tree canonicalize_expr_argument (tree, tsubst_flags_t);
@@ -6208,8 +6207,6 @@ push_template_decl (tree decl, bool is_friend)
                  constr = build_constraints (constr, NULL_TREE);
                  set_constraints (decl, constr);
                }
-             if (complex_alias_template_p (tmpl))
-               TEMPLATE_DECL_COMPLEX_ALIAS_P (tmpl) = true;
            }
        }
@@ -6499,12 +6496,16 @@ alias_template_specialization_p (const_tree t,
    return NULL_TREE;
  }
+/* A cache of the result of complex_alias_template_p. */
+
+static GTY((deletable)) hash_map<const_tree, tree> *complex_alias_tmpl_info;
+
  /* Data structure for complex_alias_template_*.  */
struct uses_all_template_parms_data
  {
    int level;
-  bool *seen;
+  tree *seen;
  };
/* walk_tree callback for complex_alias_template_p. */
@@ -6524,7 +6525,7 @@ complex_alias_template_r (tree *tp, int *walk_subtrees, 
void *data_)
        {
        tree idx = get_template_parm_index (t);
        if (TEMPLATE_PARM_LEVEL (idx) == data.level)
-         data.seen[TEMPLATE_PARM_IDX (idx)] = true;
+         data.seen[TEMPLATE_PARM_IDX (idx)] = boolean_true_node;
        }
default:;
@@ -6549,7 +6550,7 @@ complex_alias_template_r (tree *tp, int *walk_subtrees, 
void *data_)
        return t;
/* Consider the expanded packs to be used outside the expansion... */
-      data.seen[idx] = true;
+      data.seen[idx] = boolean_true_node;
      }
/* ...but don't walk into the pattern. Consider PR104008:
@@ -6571,12 +6572,17 @@ complex_alias_template_r (tree *tp, int *walk_subtrees, 
void *data_)
     using that alias can be ill-formed when the expansion is not, as with
     the void_t template.
- Returns 1 if always complex, 0 if not complex, -1 if complex iff any of the
-   template arguments are empty packs.  */
+   If this predicate returns true in the ordinary case, the out parameter
+   SEEN_OUT is set to a TREE_VEC containing boolean_true_node at element I if
+   the I'th template parameter of the alias template is used in the alias.  */
static bool
-complex_alias_template_p (const_tree tmpl)
+complex_alias_template_p (const_tree tmpl, tree *seen_out)
  {
+  tmpl = most_general_template (tmpl);
+  if (!PRIMARY_TEMPLATE_P (tmpl))
+    return false;
+
    /* A renaming alias isn't complex.  */
    if (get_underlying_template (CONST_CAST_TREE (tmpl)) != tmpl)
      return false;
@@ -6585,26 +6591,55 @@ complex_alias_template_p (const_tree tmpl)
    if (get_constraints (tmpl))
      return true;
+ if (!complex_alias_tmpl_info)
+    complex_alias_tmpl_info = hash_map<const_tree, tree>::create_ggc (13);
+
+  if (tree *slot = complex_alias_tmpl_info->get (tmpl))
+    {
+      tree result = *slot;
+      if (result == boolean_false_node)
+       return false;
+      if (result == boolean_true_node)
+       return true;
+      gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (result) == TREE_VEC);
+      if (seen_out)
+       *seen_out = result;
+      return true;
+    }
+
    struct uses_all_template_parms_data data;
    tree pat = DECL_ORIGINAL_TYPE (DECL_TEMPLATE_RESULT (tmpl));
    tree parms = DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (tmpl);
    data.level = TMPL_PARMS_DEPTH (parms);
    int len = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_PARMS (parms));
-  data.seen = XALLOCAVEC (bool, len);
+  tree seen = make_tree_vec (len);
+  data.seen = TREE_VEC_BEGIN (seen);
    for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-    data.seen[i] = false;
+    data.seen[i] = boolean_false_node;
if (cp_walk_tree_without_duplicates (&pat, complex_alias_template_r, &data))
-    return true;
-  for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-    if (!data.seen[i])
+    {
+      complex_alias_tmpl_info->put (tmpl, boolean_true_node);
        return true;
+    }
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+    if (data.seen[i] != boolean_true_node)
+      {
+       complex_alias_tmpl_info->put (tmpl, seen);
+       if (seen_out)
+         *seen_out = seen;
+       return true;
+      }
+
+  complex_alias_tmpl_info->put (tmpl, boolean_false_node);
    return false;
  }
-/* If T is a specialization of a complex alias template with dependent
-   template-arguments, return it; otherwise return NULL_TREE.  If T is a
-   typedef to such a specialization, return the specialization.  */
+/* If T is a specialization of a complex alias template with a dependent
+   argument for an unused template parameter, return it; otherwise return
+   NULL_TREE.  If T is a typedef to such a specialization, return the
+   specialization.  */
tree
  dependent_alias_template_spec_p (const_tree t, bool transparent_typedefs)
@@ -6613,15 +6648,32 @@ dependent_alias_template_spec_p (const_tree t, bool 
transparent_typedefs)
      return NULL_TREE;
    gcc_assert (TYPE_P (t));
- if (!typedef_variant_p (t))
+  if (!processing_template_decl || !typedef_variant_p (t))
      return NULL_TREE;
- tree tinfo = TYPE_ALIAS_TEMPLATE_INFO (t);
-  if (tinfo
-      && TEMPLATE_DECL_COMPLEX_ALIAS_P (TI_TEMPLATE (tinfo))
-      && (any_dependent_template_arguments_p
-         (INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_ARGS (TI_ARGS (tinfo)))))
-    return CONST_CAST_TREE (t);
+  if (tree tinfo = TYPE_ALIAS_TEMPLATE_INFO (t))
+    {
+      tree seen = NULL_TREE;
+      if (complex_alias_template_p (TI_TEMPLATE (tinfo), &seen))
+       {
+         tree args = INNERMOST_TEMPLATE_ARGS (TI_ARGS (tinfo));
+         if (!seen)
+           {
+             if (any_dependent_template_arguments_p (args))
+               return CONST_CAST_TREE (t);
+           }
+         else
+           {
+             gcc_assert (TREE_VEC_LENGTH (args) == TREE_VEC_LENGTH (seen));
+             for (int i = 0, len = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (args); i < len; ++i)
+               if (TREE_VEC_ELT (seen, i) != boolean_true_node
+                   && dependent_template_arg_p (TREE_VEC_ELT (args, i)))
+                 return CONST_CAST_TREE (t);
+           }
+
+         return NULL_TREE;
+       }
+    }
if (transparent_typedefs)
      {
@@ -25817,7 +25869,7 @@ most_specialized_instantiation (tree templates)
     `template <class T> template <class U> S<T*>::f(U)'.  */
tree
-most_general_template (tree decl)
+most_general_template (const_tree decl)
  {
    if (TREE_CODE (decl) != TEMPLATE_DECL)
      {
@@ -25854,7 +25906,7 @@ most_general_template (tree decl)
        decl = DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (decl);
      }
- return decl;
+  return CONST_CAST_TREE (decl);
  }
/* Return the most specialized of the template partial specializations
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/alias-decl-76.C 
b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/alias-decl-76.C
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..10592f521a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/alias-decl-76.C
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// PR c++/90679
+// { dg-do compile { target c++11 } }
+
+template<class T, class...>
+using first_t = T;
+
+template<class T>
+struct A;
+
+template<class T>
+struct traits;
+
+template<class T>
+struct traits<A<first_t<T>>> {
+  static constexpr int value = 1;
+};
+
+template<class T>
+struct traits<A<first_t<const T>>> {
+  static constexpr int value = 2;
+};
+
+static_assert(traits<A<int>>::value == 1, "");
+static_assert(traits<A<const int>>::value == 2, ""); // { dg-bogus "ambiguous" 
}

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