With the compiler.i testcase from the PR one can see bitmap_set_bit
very high in the profile, originating from SSA update and alias
stmt walking.  For SSA update mark_block_for_update essentially
performs redundant bitmap_set_bits and is called via
insert_updated_phi_nodes_for as

      EXECUTE_IF_SET_IN_BITMAP (pruned_idf, 0, i, bi)
...
          mark_block_for_update (bb);
          FOR_EACH_EDGE (e, ei, bb->preds)
            if (e->src->index >= 0)
              mark_block_for_update (e->src);

which is quite random in the access pattern and runs into the
O(n) case of the linked list bitmap representation.  Switching
blocks_to_update to tree view around insert_updated_phi_nodes_for
improves SSA update time from

 tree SSA incremental               :   4.26 (  3%)

to

 tree SSA incremental               :   2.98 (  2%)

Likewise the visited bitmap allocated by the alias walker benefits
from using the tree view in case of large CFGs and we see an
improvement from

 alias stmt walking                 :  10.53 (  9%)

to

 alias stmt walking                 :   4.05 (  4%)


Bootstrap and regtest running on x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.

        PR tree-optimization/26854
        * tree-into-ssa.cc (update_ssa): Turn blocks_to_update to tree
        view around insert_updated_phi_nodes_for.
        * tree-ssa-alias.cc (maybe_skip_until): Allocate visited bitmap
        in tree view.
        (walk_aliased_vdefs_1): Likewise.
---
 gcc/tree-into-ssa.cc  |  4 ++++
 gcc/tree-ssa-alias.cc | 10 ++++++++--
 2 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gcc/tree-into-ssa.cc b/gcc/tree-into-ssa.cc
index 067d29698f9..2e322990456 100644
--- a/gcc/tree-into-ssa.cc
+++ b/gcc/tree-into-ssa.cc
@@ -3561,6 +3561,8 @@ update_ssa (unsigned update_flags)
        bitmap_initialize (&dfs[bb->index], &bitmap_default_obstack);
       compute_dominance_frontiers (dfs);
 
+      bitmap_tree_view (blocks_to_update);
+
       /* insert_update_phi_nodes_for will call add_new_name_mapping
         when inserting new PHI nodes, but it will not add any
         new members to OLD_SSA_NAMES.  */
@@ -3574,6 +3576,8 @@ update_ssa (unsigned update_flags)
       FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (symbols_to_rename, i, sym)
        insert_updated_phi_nodes_for (sym, dfs, update_flags);
 
+      bitmap_list_view (blocks_to_update);
+
       FOR_EACH_BB_FN (bb, cfun)
        bitmap_clear (&dfs[bb->index]);
       free (dfs);
diff --git a/gcc/tree-ssa-alias.cc b/gcc/tree-ssa-alias.cc
index 7089e8b5bf3..81bc51ed4ad 100644
--- a/gcc/tree-ssa-alias.cc
+++ b/gcc/tree-ssa-alias.cc
@@ -3657,7 +3657,10 @@ maybe_skip_until (gimple *phi, tree &target, basic_block 
target_bb,
   basic_block bb = gimple_bb (phi);
 
   if (!*visited)
-    *visited = BITMAP_ALLOC (NULL);
+    {
+      *visited = BITMAP_ALLOC (NULL);
+      bitmap_tree_view (*visited);
+    }
 
   bitmap_set_bit (*visited, SSA_NAME_VERSION (PHI_RESULT (phi)));
 
@@ -3949,7 +3952,10 @@ walk_aliased_vdefs_1 (ao_ref *ref, tree vdef,
        {
          unsigned i;
          if (!*visited)
-           *visited = BITMAP_ALLOC (NULL);
+           {
+             *visited = BITMAP_ALLOC (NULL);
+             bitmap_tree_view (*visited);
+           }
          for (i = 0; i < gimple_phi_num_args (def_stmt); ++i)
            {
              int res = walk_aliased_vdefs_1 (ref,
-- 
2.35.3

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