Comment #18 of PR preprocessor/69126 reported a difficult-to-reproduce
re-occurrence of that bug, where attempts to suppress
  -Wdeprecated-declarations
via a _Pragma could fail.

The root cause is a bug in linemap_compare_locations when comparing
certain macro expansions with certain non-macro expansions.

(gdb) call inform (pre, "pre")
test.cc:8:16: note: pre
 #define IGNORE _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wdeprecated-declarations\"")
                ^
test.cc:8:16: note: in definition of macro ‘IGNORE’
 #define IGNORE _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wdeprecated-declarations\"")
                ^~~~~~~
(gdb) call inform (post, "post")
test.cc:12:5: note: post
     f();
     ^
After macro expansion, we have (at the end of linemap_compare_locations):
(gdb) p /x l0
$13 = 0x800101ec
(gdb) p /x l1
$14 = 0x50684c05

and hence:

(gdb) p /x l1 - l0
$23 = 0xd0674a19

it's effectively negative, and so "before_p" is false; it's erroneously
treating the _Pragma as if it were *after* the diagnostic (and hence
it doesn't affect it).

But this is wrong: l0 is an ad-hoc loc, whereas l1 is a non-ad-hoc loc.

It's clearly insane to do pure numeric comparisons of ad-hoc
locations with non-ad-hoc locations, since doing so will make the
latter always be "after" the former.  The fix is simple: resolve
ad-hoc locations at the end of linemap_compare_locations.

For this bug to occur, we need a location for the macro name that's an
ad-hoc location, and a location for the diagnostic that's *not* an
ad-hoc location.

The reason it triggered for the reporter of comment #18 of the PR is
that the sheer quantity of code in his reproducer meant that both
locations in question were above LINE_MAP_MAX_LOCATION_WITH_PACKED_RANGES
(but below LINE_MAP_MAX_LOCATION_WITH_COLS), so range-packing was
disabled, in particular for the "IGNORE" macro, giving an ad-hoc
location for the _Pragma; in contrast, the diagnostic a single
character, and thus used a non-ad-hoc location.

The attached patch fixes the issue, and adds test coverage, via a pair
of test cases c-c++-common/pr69126-2-{long|short}.c, where the "long"
version of the test case uses a macro name that's >=32 characters (thus
forcing the use of an ad-hoc location), which reproduced the issue.

Given that this adds calls to get_location_from_adhoc_loc to the end
of linemap_compare_locations, I went ahead and removed the hand-inlined
copies from the top of the function (but I can avoid that change if
that's too much for stage 4).

This also fixes the xfail in pr69543-1.c, as
"YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_BEGIN" is longer than 31 chars and
was thus affected by this.

Successfully bootstrapped&regrtested on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu in
combination with the previous patch.

OK for trunk in stage 4?

gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:
        PR preprocessor/69126
        PR preprocessor/69543
        * c-c++-common/pr69126-2-long.c: New test.
        * c-c++-common/pr69126-2-short.c: New test.
        * c-c++-common/pr69543-1.c: Remove xfail.

libcpp/ChangeLog:
        PR preprocessor/69126
        PR preprocessor/69543
        * line-map.c (linemap_compare_locations): At the function top,
        replace inlined bodies of get_location_from_adhoc_loc with calls
        to get_location_from_adhoc_loc.  Add a pair of calls to
        get_location_from_adhoc_loc at the bottom of the function, to
        avoid meaningless comparisons of ad-hoc and non-ad-hoc locations.
---
 gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/pr69126-2-long.c  | 11 +++++++++++
 gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/pr69126-2-short.c | 11 +++++++++++
 gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/pr69543-1.c       |  4 +---
 libcpp/line-map.c                            |  9 +++++++--
 4 files changed, 30 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/pr69126-2-long.c
 create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/pr69126-2-short.c

diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/pr69126-2-long.c 
b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/pr69126-2-long.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f4f1964
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/pr69126-2-long.c
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+/* { dg-options "-Wdeprecated-declarations" } */
+
+/* The macro's name is >= 32 characters long, and hence its location
+   requires an ad-hoc location.  */
+
+#define IGNORE_WHERE_MACRO_IS_LONGER_THAN_31_CHARS  _Pragma("GCC diagnostic 
ignored \"-Wdeprecated-declarations\"")
+__attribute__((deprecated)) void f();
+int main() {
+    IGNORE_WHERE_MACRO_IS_LONGER_THAN_31_CHARS
+    f();
+}
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/pr69126-2-short.c 
b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/pr69126-2-short.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aee43e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/pr69126-2-short.c
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+/* { dg-options "-Wdeprecated-declarations" } */
+
+/* IGNORE_SHORT_MACRO is < 32 characters long, and hence its location
+   can be stored without needing an ad-hoc location.  */
+
+#define IGNORE_SHORT_MACRO  _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored 
\"-Wdeprecated-declarations\"")
+__attribute__((deprecated)) void f();
+int main() {
+    IGNORE_SHORT_MACRO
+    f();
+}
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/pr69543-1.c 
b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/pr69543-1.c
index bfb5270..bbf4759 100644
--- a/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/pr69543-1.c
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/c-c++-common/pr69543-1.c
@@ -3,8 +3,6 @@
 /* Verify disabling a warning, where the _Pragma is within
    a macro, but the affected code is *not* in a macro.  */
 
-/* TODO: XFAIL: why does g++ still emit a warning here? (works for C).  */
-
 # define YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_BEGIN   \
     _Pragma ("GCC diagnostic push") \
     _Pragma ("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wuninitialized\"")\
@@ -16,6 +14,6 @@ void test (char yylval)
 {
   char *yyvsp;
   YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_BEGIN
-  *++yyvsp = yylval; /* { dg-bogus "used uninitialized" "" { xfail { c++ } } } 
*/
+  *++yyvsp = yylval;
   YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_END
 }
diff --git a/libcpp/line-map.c b/libcpp/line-map.c
index e9175df..c05a001 100644
--- a/libcpp/line-map.c
+++ b/libcpp/line-map.c
@@ -1328,9 +1328,9 @@ linemap_compare_locations (struct line_maps *set,
   source_location l0 = pre, l1 = post;
 
   if (IS_ADHOC_LOC (l0))
-    l0 = set->location_adhoc_data_map.data[l0 & MAX_SOURCE_LOCATION].locus;
+    l0 = get_location_from_adhoc_loc (set, l0);
   if (IS_ADHOC_LOC (l1))
-    l1 = set->location_adhoc_data_map.data[l1 & MAX_SOURCE_LOCATION].locus;
+    l1 = get_location_from_adhoc_loc (set, l1);
 
   if (l0 == l1)
     return 0;
@@ -1365,6 +1365,11 @@ linemap_compare_locations (struct line_maps *set,
       return i1 - i0;
     }
 
+  if (IS_ADHOC_LOC (l0))
+    l0 = get_location_from_adhoc_loc (set, l0);
+  if (IS_ADHOC_LOC (l1))
+    l1 = get_location_from_adhoc_loc (set, l1);
+
   return l1 - l0;
 }
 
-- 
1.8.5.3

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