https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=116867
Bug ID: 116867 Summary: Incorrectly report a constexpr function as non-constant Product: gcc Version: 13.2.0 Status: UNCONFIRMED Severity: normal Priority: P3 Component: c++ Assignee: unassigned at gcc dot gnu.org Reporter: hzhou11 at students dot kennesaw.edu Target Milestone: --- Output of "gcc -v": Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/lto-wrapper OFFLOAD_TARGET_NAMES=nvptx-none:amdgcn-amdhsa OFFLOAD_TARGET_DEFAULT=1 Target: x86_64-linux-gnu Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu 13.2.0-23ubuntu4' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-13/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++,m2 --prefix=/usr --with-gcc-major-version-only --program-suffix=-13 --program-prefix=x86_64-linux-gnu- --enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id --libexecdir=/usr/libexec --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --enable-libstdcxx-backtrace --enable-gnu-unique-object --disable-vtable-verify --enable-plugin --enable-default-pie --with-system-zlib --enable-libphobos-checking=release --with-target-system-zlib=auto --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-multiarch --disable-werror --enable-cet --with-arch-32=i686 --with-abi=m64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --enable-multilib --with-tune=generic --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none=/build/gcc-13-uJ7kn6/gcc-13-13.2.0/debian/tmp-nvptx/usr,amdgcn-amdhsa=/build/gcc-13-uJ7kn6/gcc-13-13.2.0/debian/tmp-gcn/usr --enable-offload-defaulted --without-cuda-driver --enable-checking=release --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu Thread model: posix Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib zstd gcc version 13.2.0 (Ubuntu 13.2.0-23ubuntu4) Now the problem: #include<string> #include<iostream> #include<vector> #include<numeric> constexpr std::string join(std::vector<std::string> vec, char delimiter) { auto result = std::accumulate(std::next(vec.begin()), vec.end(), vec[0], [&delimiter](const std::string& a, const std::string& b) { return a + delimiter + b; }); return result; } main() { static_assert(join({ "one", "two", "three" }, ';') == "one;two;three"); } My expectation is there should be no error because the concatenated string is deallocated by the end of constant evaluation, but gcc gives the following error: main.cpp:92:56: error: non-constant condition for static assertion 92 | static_assert(join({ "one", "two", "three" }, ';') == "one;two;three"); | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ main.cpp:92:75: in ‘constexpr’ expansion of ‘join(std::vector >, char)(59)’ main.cpp:92:75: in ‘constexpr’ expansion of ‘std::accumulate(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _Tp, _BinaryOperation) [with _InputIterator = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<__cxx11::basic_string*, vector<__cxx11::basic_string > >; _Tp = __cxx11::basic_string; _BinaryOperation = join(std::vector >, char)::](vec.std::vector >::end(), std::__cxx11::basic_string((*(const std::__cxx11::basic_string*)(& vec.std::vector >::operator[](0)))), join(std::vector >, char)::{delimiter})’ main.cpp:92:75: in ‘constexpr’ expansion of ‘std::__cxx11::basic_string(__init)’ main.cpp:92:56: error: accessing ‘std::__cxx11::basic_string::::_M_allocated_capacity’ member instead of initialized ‘std::__cxx11::basic_string::::_M_local_buf’ member in constant expression