https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=94061
Patrick Palka <ppalka at gcc dot gnu.org> changed: What |Removed |Added ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC| |jason at gcc dot gnu.org --- Comment #6 from Patrick Palka <ppalka at gcc dot gnu.org> --- It seems reasonable for this to work but there might be a defect, or at least lack of clarity, in the standard in this situation. http://eel.is/c++draft/class.spaceship#3 specifies how a defaulted <=> is defined, in terms of <=> comparisons of corresponding subobjects. But it's not clear how each of these <=> comparisons is written. If they're always written like operator expressions, e.g. x_i <=> y_i then if x_i / y_i are base class subobjects that have a protected <=>, then such a definition would indeed be ill-formed due to the protected access: https://godbolt.org/z/5h4ednq9 The <=> comparison would need to be written A::operator<=>(b) as mentioned in comment #2 in order for the definition to be valid IIUC?