https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=111685
--- Comment #5 from Andrew Pinski <pinskia at gcc dot gnu.org> --- With -fsanitize=address we get this at runtime: ``` ================================================================= ==1==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: stack-buffer-overflow on address 0x7fc69190003c at pc 0x000000402d20 bp 0x7ffdf89976f0 sp 0x7ffdf89976e8 READ of size 4 at 0x7fc69190003c thread T0 #0 0x402d1f in void std::__unguarded_linear_insert<int*, __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Val_comp_iter<main::{lambda(auto:1&&, auto:2&&)#1}> >(int*, __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Val_comp_iter<main::{lambda(auto:1&&, auto:2&&)#1}>) (/app/output.s+0x402d1f) (BuildId: 644c16636015edebcd5c5ddf005f8c7778b15662) #1 0x40222f in void std::__insertion_sort<int*, __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Iter_comp_iter<main::{lambda(auto:1&&, auto:2&&)#1}> >(int*, int*, __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Iter_comp_iter<main::{lambda(auto:1&&, auto:2&&)#1}>) (/app/output.s+0x40222f) (BuildId: 644c16636015edebcd5c5ddf005f8c7778b15662) #2 0x401c23 in void std::__final_insertion_sort<int*, __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Iter_comp_iter<main::{lambda(auto:1&&, auto:2&&)#1}> >(int*, int*, __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Iter_comp_iter<main::{lambda(auto:1&&, auto:2&&)#1}>) (/app/output.s+0x401c23) (BuildId: 644c16636015edebcd5c5ddf005f8c7778b15662) #3 0x401875 in void std::__sort<int*, __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Iter_comp_iter<main::{lambda(auto:1&&, auto:2&&)#1}> >(int*, int*, __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Iter_comp_iter<main::{lambda(auto:1&&, auto:2&&)#1}>) (/app/output.s+0x401875) (BuildId: 644c16636015edebcd5c5ddf005f8c7778b15662) #4 0x401653 in void std::sort<int*, main::{lambda(auto:1&&, auto:2&&)#1}>(int*, int*, main::{lambda(auto:1&&, auto:2&&)#1}) (/app/output.s+0x401653) (BuildId: 644c16636015edebcd5c5ddf005f8c7778b15662) #5 0x401506 in main (/app/output.s+0x401506) (BuildId: 644c16636015edebcd5c5ddf005f8c7778b15662) #6 0x7fc693b93082 in __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x24082) (BuildId: 1878e6b475720c7c51969e69ab2d276fae6d1dee) #7 0x40122d in _start (/app/output.s+0x40122d) (BuildId: 644c16636015edebcd5c5ddf005f8c7778b15662) Address 0x7fc69190003c is located in stack of thread T0 at offset 60 in frame #0 0x4012f5 in main (/app/output.s+0x4012f5) (BuildId: 644c16636015edebcd5c5ddf005f8c7778b15662) This frame has 5 object(s): [32, 33) '<unknown>' [48, 49) 'cmp' (line 13) [64, 76) 'anums' (line 10) <== Memory access at offset 60 underflows this variable [96, 108) 'nums' (line 11) [128, 152) 'vnums' (line 9) HINT: this may be a false positive if your program uses some custom stack unwind mechanism, swapcontext or vfork (longjmp and C++ exceptions *are* supported) SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: stack-buffer-overflow (/app/output.s+0x402d1f) (BuildId: 644c16636015edebcd5c5ddf005f8c7778b15662) in void std::__unguarded_linear_insert<int*, __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Val_comp_iter<main::{lambda(auto:1&&, auto:2&&)#1}> >(int*, __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Val_comp_iter<main::{lambda(auto:1&&, auto:2&&)#1}>) Shadow bytes around the buggy address: 0x7fc6918ffd80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x7fc6918ffe00: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x7fc6918ffe80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x7fc6918fff00: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x7fc6918fff80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 =>0x7fc691900000: f1 f1 f1 f1 f8 f2 01[f2]00 04 f2 f2 00 04 f2 f2 0x7fc691900080: 00 00 00 f3 f3 f3 f3 f3 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x7fc691900100: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x7fc691900180: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x7fc691900200: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x7fc691900280: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes): Addressable: 00 Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 Heap left redzone: fa Freed heap region: fd Stack left redzone: f1 Stack mid redzone: f2 Stack right redzone: f3 Stack after return: f5 Stack use after scope: f8 Global redzone: f9 Global init order: f6 Poisoned by user: f7 Container overflow: fc Array cookie: ac Intra object redzone: bb ASan internal: fe Left alloca redzone: ca Right alloca redzone: cb ==1==ABORTING ```