https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=107661
--- Comment #7 from Sergei Trofimovich <slyfox at gcc dot gnu.org> --- Looking -fdump-ipa-cp-all I see the following clone ``` IPA decision stage: Evaluating opportunities for static void function_ref::callback_fn(void*) [with Callable = seemingly_unused_foo(int)::L]/30. Evaluating opportunities for static void function_ref::callback_fn(void*) [with Callable = void()]/29. Evaluating opportunities for void getWaitStatesSince3(int, function_ref)/18. - considering value callback_fn for param #1 Expired, offset: 0 (caller_count: 1) good_cloning_opportunity_p (time: 33, size: 37, freq_sum: 1) -> evaluation: 891.89, threshold: 500 Creating a specialized node of void getWaitStatesSince3(int, function_ref)/18. Accounting size:5.00, time:14.00 on predicate exec:(true) the new node is void getWaitStatesSince3.constprop(int, function_ref)/33. Aggregate replacements: 1[0]=callback_fn overall size reached 88 Evaluating opportunities for void getWaitStatesSince6(int, int, int, function_ref)/17. - considering value 0 for param #0 MBB (caller_count: 2) good_cloning_opportunity_p (time: 1, size: 21, freq_sum: 2, self_scc, single_call) -> evaluation: 80.95, threshold: 500 good_cloning_opportunity_p (time: 1, size: 21, freq_sum: 2, self_scc, single_call) -> evaluation: 80.95, threshold: 500 - considering value 42 for param #2 WaitStates (caller_count: 2) good_cloning_opportunity_p (time: 1.5, size: 20, freq_sum: 2, self_scc, single_call) -> evaluation: 127.50, threshold: 500 good_cloning_opportunity_p (time: 1.5, size: 20, freq_sum: 2, self_scc, single_call) -> evaluation: 127.50, threshold: 500 - considering value callback_fn for param #3 Expired, offset: 0 (caller_count: 2) good_cloning_opportunity_p (time: 33, size: 29, freq_sum: 1.4888, self_scc, single_call) -> evaluation: 1440.03, threshold: 500 Creating a specialized node of void getWaitStatesSince6(int, int, int, function_ref)/17. Accounting size:2.00, time:11.00 on predicate exec:(true) Accounting size:3.00, time:12.00 on predicate exec:(true) Accounting size:3.00, time:12.00 on predicate exec:(true) Accounting size:5.00, time:6.84 on predicate exec:(true) the new node is void getWaitStatesSince6.constprop(int, int, int, function_ref)/34. Aggregate replacements: 3[0]=callback_fn overall size reached 109 Evaluating opportunities for void getWaitStatesSince6(int, int, int, function_ref)/17. - considering value 0 for param #0 MBB (caller_count: 1) good_cloning_opportunity_p (time: 1, size: 21, freq_sum: 1, self_scc, single_call) -> evaluation: 40.48, threshold: 500 good_cloning_opportunity_p (time: 1, size: 21, freq_sum: 1, self_scc, single_call) -> evaluation: 40.48, threshold: 500 - considering value 42 for param #2 WaitStates (caller_count: 1) good_cloning_opportunity_p (time: 1.5, size: 20, freq_sum: 1, self_scc, single_call) -> evaluation: 63.75, threshold: 500 good_cloning_opportunity_p (time: 1.5, size: 20, freq_sum: 1, self_scc, single_call) -> evaluation: 63.75, threshold: 500 - adding an extra caller void getWaitStatesSince6(int, int, int, function_ref)/17 of void getWaitStatesSince6.constprop(int, int, int, function_ref)/34 Evaluating opportunities for void Exec(function_ref)/13. - considering value callback_fn for param #0 fr, offset: 0 (caller_count: 1) good_cloning_opportunity_p (time: 33, size: 8, freq_sum: 1) -> evaluation: 4125.00, threshold: 500 Creating a specialized node of void Exec(function_ref)/13. Accounting size:4.00, time:16.00 on predicate exec:(true) the new node is void Exec.constprop(function_ref)/35. Aggregate replacements: 0[0]=callback_fn ipa-prop: Discovered an indirect call to a known target (void Exec.constprop(function_ref)/35 -> static void function_ref::callback_fn(void*) [with Callable = seemingly_unused_foo(int)::L]/30), for stmt _1 (_2); ../a.cc:37:14: optimized: converting indirect call in void Exec.constprop(function_ref)/35 to direct call to static void function_ref::callback_fn(void*) [with Callable = seemingly_unused_foo(int)::L]/30 Accounting size:2.00, time:11.00 on predicate exec:(true) overall size reached 117 Evaluating opportunities for void Exec(function_ref)/13. Not considering void Exec.constprop(function_ref)/35 for ipa bitwise propagation ; -fipa-bit-cp: disabled. ... IPA constant propagation end ``` When debug reports unqualified `Aggregate replacements: 1[0]=callback_fn` does it mean ipa-cp does not distinguish between: * static void function_ref::callback_fn(void*) [with Callable = seemingly_unused_foo(int)::L]/30. * static void function_ref::callback_fn(void*) [with Callable = void()]/29. ? I suspect it does not and that results in a wrong callback_fn inline.