https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=102228
--- Comment #6 from Richard Biener <rguenth at gcc dot gnu.org> --- I do have a functional patch which improves the -fsyntax-only compile-time for the PR101555 testcase from 14s to 2s. After lookup_anon_field is gone PR83309 pops up of course: Samples: 6K of event 'cycles', Event count (approx.): 6523483993 Overhead Samples Command Shared Object Symbol 20.96% 1375 cc1plus cc1plus [.] get_class_binding_direct 11.83% 776 cc1plus cc1plus [.] fields_linear_search 7.63% 501 cc1plus cc1plus [.] cp_fold I wonder if we should delay duplicate decl diagnostics until after the class is completed so we have the CLASSTYPE_MEMBER_VEC populated.