https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=78966
Eelis <gcc-bugzilla at contacts dot eelis.net> changed: What |Removed |Added ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Status|UNCONFIRMED |RESOLVED Resolution|--- |INVALID --- Comment #6 from Eelis <gcc-bugzilla at contacts dot eelis.net> --- Ah, thanks for the explanation! That makes sense. I guess that to avoid this problem, one should adhere to a rule along the lines of: "If you're about to write a function like template<typename... T> R f(X<T...>); then if f is potentially overloaded, and X cannot be instantiated with an empty pack, you better write f as: template<typename T, typename... Ts> R f(X<T, Ts...>) because otherwise calls to those other fs may end up requiring X to be instantiable with an empty pack." I now use this workaround for my operator<< for std::variant. Closing.