http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=60131
--- Comment #4 from Jeffrey A. Law <law at redhat dot com> --- The problem here is we first have the following candidate and defining insn: gdb) p debug_rtx (cand->insn) (insn 24 23 25 6 (set (reg:DI 0 ax [orig:100 D.2269 ] [100]) (zero_extend:DI (reg/v:SI 0 ax [orig:91 v ] [91]))) j.c:22 133 {*zero_extendsidi2} (nil)) $13 = void (gdb) p debug_rtx (curr_insn) (insn 33 32 35 7 (set (reg/v:SI 0 ax [orig:91 v ] [91]) (sign_extend:SI (reg:HI 0 ax [orig:88 D.2271 ] [88]))) j.c:19 146 {extendhisi2} (nil)) We eliminate insn 24 by changing insn 33 into: (insn 33 32 35 7 (set (reg:DI 0 ax) (zero_extend:DI (sign_extend:SI (reg:HI 0 ax [orig:88 D.2271 ] [88])))) j.c:19 -1 (nil)) Later we call combine_reaching_defs to see if we can eliminate insn 33. It now has an unexpected form and we trigger the checking fault.