int main() { typedef int& T; T a = T(); } Compiling the snippet above produces no diagnostic with gcc 4.4.0 20080701 or gcc 4.1.2. However, reading n2691, 8.5 paragraph 6:
A program that calls for default-initialization or value-initialization of an entity of reference type is ill-formed. I'm pretty sure there's a similar statement in the current std. Comeau seems to issue a diagnostic for the same snippet: "ComeauTest.c", line 1: error: invalid type conversion int main() { typedef int& T; T a = T(); } -- Summary: [4.4 Regression] Value-initialization of reference type is allowed. Product: gcc Version: 4.4.0 Status: UNCONFIRMED Severity: normal Priority: P3 Component: c++ AssignedTo: unassigned at gcc dot gnu dot org ReportedBy: chris dot fairles at gmail dot com GCC build triplet: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu GCC host triplet: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu GCC target triplet: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=36695