>From the example in 7.3.4.1 (international standard ISO/IEC 14882) we can conclude that the names introduced by using directive hide the names in higer level namespaces instead of resulting in an ill-formed code. In the source code attached __false_type should be recognized correctly as comming from namespace _STL and should not conflict with the top level definition of __false_type. This is so since namespace std contains using namepsace _STL and the namespace _STL contains definition of __false_type too.
Below is part of preprocesed file $ gcc --version gcc (GCC) 4.0.0 20050319 (prerelease) compile command : c++ -pthread -fexceptions -I../stlport -W -Wno-sign-compare \ -Wno-unused -Wno-uninitialized -D_STLP_USE_GLIBC \ -O0 -gstabs+ -g3 -fPIC -D_STLP_DEBUG -fPIC complex_exp.cpp \ -c -o ../lib/obj/GCC-LINUX/DebugSTLD/complex_exp.o next was cut from preprocesed complex_exp.i.cpp: namespace std { } namespace __std_alias = std; namespace _STL {} namespace std { using namespace _STL; } namespace _STL { using namespace __std_alias; } namespace _STL { struct __true_type {}; struct __false_type {}; template <int _Is> struct __bool2type { typedef __false_type _Ret; // this is OK }; template<> struct __bool2type<1> { typedef __true_type _Ret; }; // this is OK } namespace _STL {} namespace std { using namespace _STL; } struct __true_type { }; struct __false_type { }; namespace std { template<bool> struct __truth_type { typedef __false_type __type; }; // should be OK too, but report error: '__false_type' does not name a type template<> struct __truth_type<true> { typedef __true_type __type; }; // should be OK too, but report error: '__true_type' does not name a type } Whole file is too long (20000 row) - if it is needed please let me know, I will send it. (OS is Fedora core 3 at Linux kernel 2.6.9-1.667 #1 Tue Nov 2 14:41:25 EST 2004 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux) -- Summary: namespace bug Product: gcc Version: 4.0.0 Status: UNCONFIRMED Severity: normal Priority: P2 Component: c++ AssignedTo: unassigned at gcc dot gnu dot org ReportedBy: jozef at syncad dot com CC: gcc-bugs at gcc dot gnu dot org http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=20687