The -dD flag includes all the defined macros that -dM includes.  Unless I'm
mistaken in my understanding of a predefined macro, it shouldn't include the
ones defined in the std C headers.  This is the case for 3.4.3 and 3.3.5.  

=======

~/misc> touch foo.h ; cpp -dD foo.h | sort > test2
~/misc> touch foo.h ; cpp -dM foo.h | sort > test1
~/misc> diff test1 test2
0a1,9
>
>
>
>
>
> # 1 "<built-in>"
> # 1 "<command line>"
> # 1 "foo.h"
> # 1 "foo.h"
~/misc> 
~/misc> cat test1
#define __CHAR_BIT__ 8
#define __DBL_DENORM_MIN__ 4.9406564584124654e-324
#define __DBL_DIG__ 15
#define __DBL_EPSILON__ 2.2204460492503131e-16
#define __DBL_HAS_INFINITY__ 1
#define __DBL_HAS_QUIET_NAN__ 1
#define __DBL_MANT_DIG__ 53
#define __DBL_MAX_10_EXP__ 308
#define __DBL_MAX__ 1.7976931348623157e+308
#define __DBL_MAX_EXP__ 1024
#define __DBL_MIN_10_EXP__ (-307)
#define __DBL_MIN__ 2.2250738585072014e-308
#define __DBL_MIN_EXP__ (-1021)
#define __DECIMAL_DIG__ 21
#define __ELF__ 1
#define __FINITE_MATH_ONLY__ 0
#define __FLT_DENORM_MIN__ 1.40129846e-45F
#define __FLT_DIG__ 6
#define __FLT_EPSILON__ 1.19209290e-7F
#define __FLT_EVAL_METHOD__ 2
#define __FLT_HAS_INFINITY__ 1
#define __FLT_HAS_QUIET_NAN__ 1
#define __FLT_MANT_DIG__ 24
#define __FLT_MAX_10_EXP__ 38
#define __FLT_MAX__ 3.40282347e+38F
#define __FLT_MAX_EXP__ 128
#define __FLT_MIN_10_EXP__ (-37)
#define __FLT_MIN__ 1.17549435e-38F
#define __FLT_MIN_EXP__ (-125)
#define __FLT_RADIX__ 2
#define __GNUC__ 3
#define __GNUC_MINOR__ 4
#define __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__ 3
#define __gnu_linux__ 1
#define __GXX_ABI_VERSION 1002
#define __i386 1
#define __i386__ 1
#define i386 1
#define __INT_MAX__ 2147483647
#define __LDBL_DENORM_MIN__ 3.64519953188247460253e-4951L
#define __LDBL_DIG__ 18
#define __LDBL_EPSILON__ 1.08420217248550443401e-19L
#define __LDBL_HAS_INFINITY__ 1
#define __LDBL_HAS_QUIET_NAN__ 1
#define __LDBL_MANT_DIG__ 64
#define __LDBL_MAX_10_EXP__ 4932
#define __LDBL_MAX__ 1.18973149535723176502e+4932L
#define __LDBL_MAX_EXP__ 16384
#define __LDBL_MIN_10_EXP__ (-4931)
#define __LDBL_MIN__ 3.36210314311209350626e-4932L
#define __LDBL_MIN_EXP__ (-16381)
#define __linux 1
#define __linux__ 1
#define linux 1
#define __LONG_LONG_MAX__ 9223372036854775807LL
#define __LONG_MAX__ 2147483647L
#define __NO_INLINE__ 1
#define __PTRDIFF_TYPE__ int
#define __REGISTER_PREFIX__
#define __SCHAR_MAX__ 127
#define __SHRT_MAX__ 32767
#define __SIZE_TYPE__ unsigned int
#define __STDC_HOSTED__ 1
#define __tune_i686__ 1
#define __tune_pentiumpro__ 1
#define __unix 1
#define __unix__ 1
#define unix 1
#define __USER_LABEL_PREFIX__
#define __VERSION__ "3.4.3"
#define __WCHAR_MAX__ 2147483647
#define __WCHAR_TYPE__ long int
#define __WINT_TYPE__ unsigned int

-- 
           Summary: -E -dD includes predefined macros
           Product: gcc
           Version: 3.4.3
            Status: UNCONFIRMED
          Severity: normal
          Priority: P2
         Component: preprocessor
        AssignedTo: unassigned at gcc dot gnu dot org
        ReportedBy: jason at catapult dot com
                CC: gcc-bugs at gcc dot gnu dot org
 GCC build triplet: i686-pc-linux-gnu
  GCC host triplet: i686-pc-linux-gnu
GCC target triplet: i686-pc-linux-gnu


http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=19836

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