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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
charset=iso-8859-1"><title>The Apache Tomcat Connector - Reference Guide -
Status Worker Reference</title><meta name="author" value="Rainer Jung"><meta
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cellspacing="4"><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><h1>The Apache Tomcat
Connector - Reference Guide</h1><h2>Status Worker Reference</h2></td><td
align="right" valign="top" nowrap="true"><img src="../../images/void.gif"
width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0" alt="
"></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"
width="100%"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff"
face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+Tomcat Connectors has a special type of worker, the so-called status worker.
+The status worker does not forward requests to Tomcat instances. Instead it
allows
+to retrieve status and configuration information at runtime,
+and furthermore to change many configuration items dynamically. This can be
done
+via a simple embedded web interface.
+</p>
+<p>
+The status worker is especially powerful, when used together with load
balancing workers.
+</p>
+<p>
+This document does not explain the HTML user interface of the status worker.
+Until now it is very simple, so just go ahead and use it. This doc instead
+tries to explain the less obvious features of the status worker. We also will
give a
+complete coverage of the various request parameters and their meaning, so that
you can
+include the status worker in your automation scripts.
+</p>
+<p>
+The documentation of the status worker starts with <b>jk 1.2.20</b>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff"
face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Usage Patterns"><strong>Usage
Patterns</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Actions"><strong>Actions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The status worker knows about the following actions:
+<ul>
+<li>
+<b>list</b>: lists the configurations and runtime information of all
configured workers.
+The output will be grouped by global information first (version data), then
load balancer
+information, after that AJP worker information and finally the legend. For
load balancers,
+there will be a summary part, and after that details for each member worker.
For all workers,
+we also include the URL mappings (forward definitions).
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>show</b>: the same as list, but only shows data for one chosen worker
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>edit</b>: produces a form to edit configuration data for a chosen worker.
There is a
+special subtype of "edit", that makes it easy to change one attribute for all
members of
+a load balancer, e.g. their activation state.
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>update</b>: commit changes made in an edit form. <b>Caution</b>: the
changes will not be
+persisted to the configuration files. As soon as your restart your web server,
all changes
+made through the status worker will be lost! On the other hand, the changes
done by the status
+worker will be applied during runtime without a restart of the web server.
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>reset</b>: reset all runtime statistics for a worker.
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>recover</b>: Mark a member of a load balancer, that is in error state, for
immediate recovery.
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>version</b>: only show version information of the web server and the JK
software
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>dump</b>: list the original workers configuration. <b>Caution</b>: the dump
will only contain
+the configuration that was used during startup. Any changes applied later by
the dynamic management
+interface of the status worker itself will not be contained in this dump.
+The dump action has been added in version 1.2.27.
+</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Output Format"><strong>Output
Format</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+For most actions you can choose between 4 output formats.
+<ul>
+<li>
+<b>HTML</b>: Used interactively with a browser
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>XML</b>: Mostly useful for automation, when your scripting environment is
XML friendly.
+This format has rich structure information, but does not work line based, so
you would really
+like to use it together with XML tools.
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>Properties</b>: This format is a line based format, that conforms to the
rules of Java
+property files. Most structure information is contained in the hierarchical
key. For information,
+that is of configuration nature, the format should produce lines very similar
to the ones you can
+use in workers.properties. It will not produce a complete configuration file!
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>Text</b>: A simple textual output format.
+</li>
+</ul>
+The "edit" action does only make sense for the HTML output type.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="User Interface Features"><strong>User Interface
Features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+In the HTML view, there is an <b>automatic refresh</b> feature, implemented
via the meta refresh
+option of HTML. Once you start the automatic refresh, the UI will will respect
it for all actions
+except edit, update and maintain. Even if you navigate through one of those,
the automatic refresh
+will start again as soon as you come back to one of the other actions.
+</p>
+<p>
+Many parts of the HTML page can be minimised, if they are not interesting for
you. There are a couple
+of "Hide" links, which will collapse parts of the information. The feature
exists for the following
+blocks of information:
+<ul>
+<li>
+<b>Legend</b>: Do not show the legend for the information presented in "list"
and "show" actions
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>URI mappings</b>: Do not show the URI mapping for the workers
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>Load Balancing Workers</b>: Do not show workers of type "lb"
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>AJP Workers</b>: Do not show workers of type ajp
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>Balancer Members</b>: Do not show detailed information concerning each
member of load balancers
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>Load Balancer Configuration</b>: Do not show configuration data for load
balancers
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>Load Balancer Summary</b>: Do not show status summary for load balancers
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>AJP Configuration</b>: Do not show configuration data for ajp workers load
balancer members
+</li>
+</ul>
+The last three minimisation features have been added in version 1.2.27.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Special Considerations concerning URL Maps and Virtual
Hosts"><strong>Special Considerations concerning URL Maps and Virtual
Hosts</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+<b>Note: </b>The following restriction has been removed starting with version
1.2.26.
+</p>
+<p>
+The Apache module mod_jk makes use of the internal Apache httpd infrastructure
concerning
+virtual hosts. The downside of this is, that the status worker can only show
URL maps, for
+the virtual host it is defined in. It is not able to reach the configuration
objects
+for other virtual hosts. Of course you can define a status worker in any
virtual host you
+are using. All information presented apart from the URL maps will be the same,
independent
+of the virtual host the status worker has been called in.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Logging"><strong>Logging</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The status worker will log changes made to the configuration with log level
"info" to the usual
+JK log file. Invalid requests will be logged with log level "warn". If you
want to report some
+broken behaviour, log file content of level "debug" or even "trace" will be
useful.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff"
face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Configuration"><strong>Configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Basic Configuration"><strong>Basic
Configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The basic configuration of a status worker is very similar to that of a usual
ajp worker.
+You need to specify a name for the worker, and the URLs you want to map to it.
The first
+part of the configuration happens in the workers.properties file. We define a
worker named
+mystatus of type status:
+<div class="example"><pre>
+worker.list=mystatus
+worker.mystatus.type=status
+</pre></div>
+Then we define a URL, which should be mapped to this worker, i.e. the URL we
use
+to reach the functionality of the status worker. You can use any method mod_jk
supports
+for the web server of your choice. Possibilities are maps inside
uriworkermap.properties,
+an additional mount attribute in workers.properties, or in Apache JkMount.
Here's an
+example for a uriworkermap.properties line:
+<div class="example"><pre>
+/private/admin/mystatus=mystatus
+</pre></div>
+The URI pattern is case sensitive.
+</p>
+<p>
+As you will learn in the following sections, the status worker is very
powerful. You should
+use the usual authentication and authorisation methods of your web server to
secure this URL.
+</p>
+<p>
+You can also define multiple instances of the status worker, by using
different names and URL mappings.
+For instance you might want to configure them individually
+and then allow special groups of people to use them
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Output Customisation"><strong>Output
Customisation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+There are a couple of attributes for the workers.properties entries, which
allow to customise
+various aspects of the output of the status worker.
+</p>
+<p>
+The attribute <b>css</b> can be set to the URL of a stylesheet:
+<div class="example"><pre>
+worker.mystatus.css=/private/admin/static/mystatus.css
+</pre></div>
+When writing HTML output, the status worker then includes the line
+<div class="example"><pre>
+<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
href="/private/admin/static/mystatus.css" />
+</pre></div>
+There is no sample stylesheet included with the mod_jk release, and by default
the attribute css
+is empty, so no stylesheet reference will be included in the pages. The HTML
code
+of the status worker output pages does not include any class attributes. If
you like to contribute a
+stylesheet or improvements to the HTML layout, please contact us on the tomcat
developers list.
+</p>
+<p>
+The properties output format can be customised via the attribute
<b>prefix</b>. The names of all
+properties the status worker does output, will begin with this prefix. The
default is "worker".
+</p>
+<p>
+Several attributes influence the format when writing XML output.
+The attribute <b>ns</b> allows to set a namespace prefix, that will be used
for every status worker+element.
+The default is "jk:". Setting it to "-" disables the namespace prefix.
+</p>
+<p>
+With the attribute xmlns you can map the prefix to a namespace URL. The
default value
+is xmlns:jk="http://tomcat.apache.org";. Setting it to "-" disables the output
of the URL.
+</p>
+<p>
+Finally you can specify an XML document type via the attribute doctype. The
specified string will
+be inserted at the beginning of the document, directly after the xml header.
The default is empty.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Securing Access"><strong>Securing
Access</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+We urge you to use the builtin access control features of your web server to
control
+access to the status worker URLs you have chosen. Nevertheless two
configuration
+attributes of status workers are helpful. The attribute "read_only" disables
all features of
+the status worker, that can be used to change configurations or runtime status
of the other workers.
+A read_only status worker will not allow access to the edit, update, reset or
recover actions.
+The default value is "False", ie. read/write. To enable read_only you need to
set it to "True".
+</p>
+<p>
+You could configure two status workers, one has read_only and will be made
available to a larger
+admin group, the other one will be used fully featured, but only by fewer
people:
+<div class="example"><pre>
+worker.list=jk-watch
+worker.jk-watch.type=status
+worker.jk-watch.read_only=True
+worker.jk-watch.mount=/user/status/jk
+worker.list=jk-manage
+worker.jk-manage.type=status
+worker.jk-manage.mount=/admin/status/jk
+</pre></div>
+Starting with version 1.2.21, a read/write status worker can also be switched
temporarily
+into read-only mode by the user via a link in the HTML GUI. The user can
always switch it
+back to read/write. Only a status worker configured as read-only via the
"read_only" attribute
+is completely safe from applying any changes.
+</p>
+<p>
+The other attribute you can use is <b>user</b>. By default this list is empty,
which means
+no limit on the users. You can set "user" to a comma separated list of user
names. If your
+web server is configured such that it sends the user names with the request,
the status worker
+will check, if the name attached with the request is contained in it's "user"
list.
+</p>
+<p>
+The user list can be split over multiple occurrences of the "user" attribute.
+</p>
+<p>
+By default, the user names are matched case sensitively. Starting with version
1.2.21 you can set
+the attribute <b>user_case_insensitive</b> to "True". Then the comparison will
be made case insensitive.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Service Availability Rating"><strong>Service Availability
Rating</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+For load balancing workers the status worker shows some interesting overview
information.
+It categorises the members of the load balancer into the classes "good", "bad"
and degraded".
+This feature can be combined with external escalation procedures. Depending on
your global
+system design and your operating practises your preferred categorisation might
vary.
+</p>
+<p>
+The categorisation is based on the activation state of the workers (active,
disabled or stopped),
+which is a pure configuration state, and the runtime state
+(OK or ERR with possible substates idle, busy, recovering, probing, and forced
recovery)
+which only depends on the runtime situation.
+</p>
+<p>
+The runtime substates have the following meaning:
+<ul>
+<li>
+<b>OK (idle)</b>: This worker didn't receive any request since the last
balancer
+maintenance. By default balancer maintenance runs every 60 seconds. The
+worker should be OK, but since we didn't have to use it for some time, we
+can't be sure. This state has been called N/A before version 1.2.24.
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>OK (busy)</b>: All connections for this worker are in use for requests.
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>ERROR (recovering)</b>: The worker was in error state for some time and is
now
+marked for recovery. The next request suitable for this worker will use it.
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>ERROR (probing)</b>: After setting the worker to recovering, we received a
request
+suitable for this worker. This request is now using the worker.
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>ERROR (forced recovery)</b>: The worker is in error, but we don't have an
alternative
+worker, so we keep using it.
+</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+<p>
+By default the status worker groups into "good" all members, that have
activation "active" and
+runtime state not equal to "error" with empty substate.
+The "bad" group consists of the members, that have either activation
+"stopped", or are in runtime state "error" with empty substate.
+</p>
+<p>
+Workers that fit neither of the two groups, are considered to be "degraded".
+</p>
+<p>
+You can define other rules for the grouping into good, bad and degraded.
+The two attributes "good" and "bad" can be populated by a comma-separated list
ob single characters or
+dot-separated pairs. Each character stands for the first character of one of
the possible states "active",
+"disabled", "stopped", "ok", "idle", "busy", "recovering" and "error". The
additional states "probing"
+and "forced recovery" are always rated equivalent to "recovering".
+Comma-separated entries will be combined
+with logical "or", if you combine a configuration and a runtime state with a
dot. the are combined with logical
+"and". So the default value for "good" is "a.o,a.i,a.b,a.r", for "bad" it is
"e,s".
+</p>
+<p>
+The status worker first tries to match against the "bad" definitions, if this
doesn't succeed
+it tries to match against "good", and finally it chooses "degraded", if no
"bad" or "good" match
+can be found.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff"
face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Request Parameters"><strong>Request
Parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+This section should help you building automation scripts based on the jk status
+management interface. This interface is stable in the sense, that we only
expect
+to add further parameters in the future. Existing parameters from previous
versions
+will keep their original semantics. We also expect the output formats XML,
Properties
+and Text to be kept stable. So please use those, if you want to parse status
worker
+output in your automation scripts.
+</p>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Actions"><strong>Actions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The action is determined by the parameter <b>cmd</b>. It can have the values
"list", "show",
+"edit", "update", "reset", "recover", "version" and "dump". If you omit the
<b>cmd</b> parameter,
+the default "list" will be used.
+All actions except for "list", "refresh", "version" and "dump" need additional
parameters.
+</p>
+<p>
+The action "dump" has been added in version 1.2.27.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Output Format"><strong>Output
Format</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The format is determined by the parameter <b>mime</b>. It can have the values
"html", "xml",
+"txt" and "prop". If you omit the <b>mime</b> parameter, the default "html"
+will be used. The action "edit" (the edit form) does only make sense for
"mime=html".
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Worker Selection"><strong>Worker
Selection</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+Actions that operate on a single worker need one or two additional parameters
to select
+this worker. The parameter <b>w</b> contains the name of the worker from the
worker list.
+If an action operates on a member (sub worker) of a load balancer, the
parameter <b>w</b>
+contains the name of the load balancer worker, and the additional parameter
<b>sw</b> contains the
+name of the sub worker.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Automatic Refresh"><strong>Automatic
Refresh</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+During automatic refresh, the parameter <b>re</b> contain the refresh interval
in seconds.
+If you omit this parameter, automatic refresh will be off.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Hide Options"><strong>Hide
Options</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The parameter <b>opt</b> contains a bit mask of activated options. The default
is 0, so
+by default no options are activated. The following options exist:
+<ul>
+<li>
+<b>0x0001</b>: hide members of lb workers
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>0x0002</b>: hide URL maps
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>0x0004</b>: hide the legend
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>0x0008</b>: hide load balancer workers
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>0x0010</b>: hide ajp workers
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>0x0020</b>: only allow read_only actions for a read/write status worker.
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>0x0040</b>: hide load balancer configuration
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>0x0080</b>: hide load balancer status summary
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>0x0100</b>: hide configuration for ajp and load balancer member workers
+</li>
+</ul>
+Values 0x0040-0x0100 have been added in version 1.2.27.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Data Parameters for the standard Update Action"><strong>Data Parameters
for the standard Update Action</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+You can use the edit action with a final click to the update button, to change
settings of workers.
+But you can also make direct calls to the update action. The following request
parameters
+contain the configuration information, you want to change. First the list for
load balancer workers:
+<ul>
+<li>
+<b>vlr</b>: retries (number)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vlt</b>: recover_time (seconds)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vlee</b>: error_escalation_time (seconds)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vlx</b>: max_reply_timeouts (number)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vls</b>: sticky_session (0/f/n/off=off, 1/t/y/on=on; case insensitive)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vlf</b>: sticky_session_force (0/f/n/off=off, 1/t/y/on=on; case insensitive)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vlm</b>: method (0/r="Requests", 1/t="Traffic", 2/b="Busyness",
3/s="Sessions", 4/s="Next"; case insensitive, only first character is used)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vll</b>: lock (0/o="Optimistic", 1/p="Pessimistic"; case insensitive, only
first character is used)
+</li>
+</ul>
+And now the list of parameters you can use to change settings for load
balancer members:
+<ul>
+<li>
+<b>vwa</b>: activation flag (0/a="active", 1/d="disabled", 2/s="stopped"; case
insensitive, only first character is used)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vwf</b>: load balancing factor (integer weight)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vwn</b>: route for use with sticky sessions (string)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vwr</b>: redirect to define simple failover rules (string)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vwc</b>: domain to tell JK about your replication design (string)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vwd</b>: distance to express preferences (integer)
+</li>
+</ul>
+Finally the list of parameters you can use to change settings for ajp workers
and ajp load balancer members:
+<ul>
+<li>
+<b>vahst</b>: host (string)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vaprt</b>: port (number)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vacpt</b>: connection_pool_timeout (number)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vact</b>: connect_timeout (number)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vapt</b>: prepost_timeout (number)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vart</b>: reply_timeout (number)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>var</b>: retries (number)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>varo</b>: recovery_options (number)
+</li>
+<li>
+<b>vamps</b>: max_packet_size (number)
+</li>
+</ul>
+Note that changing the host name or port will only take effect for new
connections.
+Already established connections to the old address will still be used.
+Nevertheless this feature is interesting, because you can provision load
balancer
+members with port "0", which will automatically be stopped during startup.
Later
+when you know the final names and ports, you can set them and they will be
+automatically activated.
+</p>
+<p>
+The leading character "v" has been added to the parameters in version 1.2.27.
+Changing settings for ajp workers has also been introduced in version 1.2.27.
+</p>
+<p>
+For the details of all parameters, we refer to the <a
href="workers.html">workers.properties Reference</a>.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Aspect Editing for Load Balancer Members"><strong>Aspect Editing for Load
Balancer Members</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+You can use the edit action to edit all settings for a load balancer or for a
+member of a load balancer respectively on one page. If you want to edit one
+configuration aspect for all members of a load balancer simultaneously, this
+will be triggered by the parameter <b>att</b>. The value of the parameter
indicates,
+which aspect you want to edit. The list is the same as in the previous section,
+except for "vahst" and "vaprt":
+"vwa", "vwf", "vwn", "vwr", "vwc", "vwd", "vacpt", "vact", "vapt", "vart",
"var",
+"varo" and "vamps". But here you
+need to put the name into the parameter <b>att</b>, instead of using it as a
request
+parameter name.
+</p>
+<p>
+The values of the common aspect for all the load balancer members will be given
+in parameters named "val0", "val1", ....
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td
colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td
colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+ Copyright © 1999-2012, Apache Software Foundation
+ </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
charset=iso-8859-1"><title>The Apache Tomcat Connector - Reference Guide -
uriworkermap.properties configuration</title><meta name="author" value="Rainer
Jung"><meta name="email" value="rj...@apache.org"><meta name="author"
value="Mladen Turk"><meta name="email" value="mt...@apache.org"><link
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HEADER--><tr><td colspan="2"><!--TOMCAT LOGO--><a
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href="http://www.apache.org/";><img
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--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table
border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><tr><td align="left"
valign="top"><h1>The Apache Tomcat Connector - Reference
Guide</h1><h2>uriworkermap.properties configuration</h2></td><td align="right"
valign="top" nowrap="true"><img src="../../images/void.gif" width="1"
height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0" alt=" "></td></tr></table><table
border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The forwarding of requests from the web server to tomcat gets configured by
defining mapping rules.
+Such a rule maps requests to workers. The request part of the map is described
by a URI pattern,
+the worker by it's worker name.
+</p>
+<p>
+The so-called <b>uriworkermap</b> file is a mechanism of defining rules,
+which works for all web servers. There exist also other web server specific
configuration
+options for defining rules, which will be mostly discussed on the reference
pages for
+configuring tomcat connectors for the individual web servers.
+</p>
+<p>
+The name of the file is usually uriworkermap.properties,
+although this is configurable in the web server.
+Please consult the web server specific documentation pages on
+how to enable the uriworkermap file.
+</p>
+<p>
+The main features supported by the uriworkermap file are
+<ul>
+<li>
+Support for comments in the rule file.
+</li>
+<li>
+Exact and wildchar matches, shortcuts to map a directory and all including
content.
+</li>
+<li>
+Exclusion rules, disabling of rules and rule priorities.
+</li>
+<li>
+Rule extensions, modifying worker behaviour per rule.
+</li>
+<li>
+Virtual host integration: uri mapping rules can be expressed per virtual host.
+The details are web server specific though.
+</li>
+<li>
+Dynamic reloading: The file gets checked periodically for changes.
+New versions are automatically reloaded without web server restarts.
+</li>
+<li>
+Integration with the status worker.
+</li>
+</ul>
+The following sections describe these aspects in more detail.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff"
face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Syntax"><strong>Syntax</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Line format"><strong>Line
format</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The file has a line based format. There are no continuation characters,
+so each rule needs to be defined on a single line. Each rule is a pair
consisting
+of a URI pattern and a worker name, combined by an equals sign '=':
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ /myapp=myworker
+</pre></div>
+The URI pattern is case sensitive.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Comments, white space"><strong>Comments, white
space</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+All text after and including the character '#' gets ignored and can be used
for comments.
+Leading and trailing white space gets trimmed around the URI pattern and also
around the worker name.
+The following definitions are all equivalent:
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ # This is a white space example
+ /myapp=myworker
+ /myapp=myworker
+ /myapp = myworker
+</pre></div>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="URI patterns"><strong>URI
patterns</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+Inside the URI pattern three special characters can be used, '*', '?' and '|'.
+The character '*' is a wildchar that matches any number of arbitrary characters
+in the URI, '?' matches exactly one character.
+Each URI pattern has to start with the character '/', or with '*' or with '?',
+optionally prefixed by any combination of the modifiers '!' and '-' (see next
section).
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ # Mapping the URI /myapp1 and everything under /myapp1/:
+ /myapp1=myworker-a
+ /myapp1/*=myworker-a
+ # Mapping all URI which end with a common suffix:
+ *.jsp=myworker
+ *.do=myworker
+</pre></div>
+Since the first case of mapping a certain location and everything inside
+it is very common, the character '|' gives a handy shortcut:
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ # Mapping the URI /myapp1 and everything under /myapp1/:
+ /myapp1|/*=myworker-a
+</pre></div>
+The pattern 'X|Y' is exactly equivalent to the two maps 'X' and 'XY'.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff"
face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Exclusion, Disabling and
Priorities"><strong>Exclusion, Disabling and
Priorities</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Exclusions and rule disabling"><strong>Exclusions and rule
disabling</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+Exclusion rules allows to define exclusions from URI rules, which would forward
+requests to tomcat. If the exclusion rule matches, the request will not be
forwarded.
+This is usually used to serve static content by the web server.
+A rule is an exclusion rule, if it is suffixed with '!':
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ # Mapping the URI /myapp and everything under /myapp/:
+ /myapp|/*=myworker
+ # Exclude the subdirectory static:
+ !/myapp/static|/*=myworker
+ # Exclude some suffixes:
+ !*.html=myworker
+</pre></div>
+An exclusion rule overrides a normal mapping rule only, if the worker names in
the
+normal rule and in the exclusion rule are the same. Starting with version
1.2.26 of JK
+you can apply an exclusion rule to any worker, by using the star character '*'
as
+the worker name in the exclusion rule.
+More complex patterns in exclusion worker names are not allowed.
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ # Mapping the webapps /myapp1 and /myapp2:
+ /myapp1|/*=myworker1
+ /myapp2|/*=myworker2
+ # Exclude the all subdirectories static for all workers:
+ !/*/static|/*=*
+ # Exclude some suffixes for all workers:
+ !*.html=*
+</pre></div>
+</p>
+<p>
+Rule disabling comes into play, if your web server merges rules from various
sources,
+and you want to disable any rule defined previously. Since the uriworkermap
file gets
+reloaded dynamically, you can use this to temporarily disable request
forwarding:
+A rule gets disabled, if it is suffixed with '-':
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ # We are not in maintenance.
+ # The maintenance rule got defined somewhere else.
+ -/*=maintenance
+</pre></div>
+Exclusion rules can get disabled as well, then the rule starts with '-!'.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Mapping priorities"><strong>Mapping
priorities</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The most restrictive URI pattern is applied first. More precisely the URI
patterns are
+sorted by the number of '/' characters in the pattern (highest number first),
and
+rules with equal numbers are sorted by their string length (longest first).
+</p>
+<p>
+If both distinctions still do not suffice, then the defining source of the
rule is considered.
+Rules defined in uriworkermap.properties come first, before rules defined by
JkMount (Apache)
+and inside workers.properties using the mount attribute.
+</p>
+<p>
+All disabled rules are ignored. Exclusion rules are applied after all normal
rules
+have been applied.
+</p>
+<p>
+There is no defined behaviour, for the following configuration conflict:
+using literally the same URI pattern in the same defining source but with
+different worker targets.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff"
face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Rule extensions"><strong>Rule
extensions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+Rule extensions were added in version 1.2.27 and are not available in earlier
versions.
+</p>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Syntax"><strong>Syntax</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+Rule extensions are additional attributes, that can be attached to any rule.
+They are added at the end of the rule, each extension separated by a semicolon:
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ # This is an extension example,
+ # setting a reply_timeout of 1 minute
+ # only for this mapping.
+ /myapp=myworker;reply_timeout=60000
+ #
+ # This is an example using multiple extensions
+ /myapp=myloadbalancer;reply_timeout=60000;stopped=member1
+</pre></div>
+Attributes set via rule extensions always overwrite conflicting
+configurations in the worker definition file.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Extension reply_timeout"><strong>Extension
reply_timeout</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The extension <b class="code">reply_timeout</b> sets a reply timeout for a
single mapping rule.
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ # Setting a reply_timeout of 1 minute
+ # only for this mapping.
+ /myapp=myworker;reply_timeout=60000
+</pre></div>
+It overrides any <b class="code">reply_timeout</b> defined for the worker. The
extension allows
+to set a reasonable default reply timeout to the worker, and a more relaxed
+reply timeout to URLs, which are known to start time intensive tasks.
+For a general description of reply timeouts see the
+<a href="../../generic_howto/timeouts.html#Reply Timeout">timeouts</a>
documentation.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Extension sticky_ignore"><strong>Extension
sticky_ignore</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The extension <b class="code">sticky_ignore</b> will disable session
stickyness for a single
+mapping rule.
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ # Disable session stickyness
+ # only for this mapping.
+ /myapp/loginform.jsp=myworker;sticky_ignore=1
+</pre></div>
+This extension can be useful to optimize load balancing when using
+cookie based session stickyness. In this case, as long as she keeps
+her browser open, any request by a user who started a session will
+be send to the same Tomcat instance, even if he left the part of
+the application which uses the session. You can for instance
+set this environment variable when a user requests a login form
+to ensure, that this initial session request is balanced non-sticky.
+</p>
+<p>
+This extension is available since version 1.2.33.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Extension stateless"><strong>Extension
stateless</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The extension <b class="code">stateless</b> is only useful when using session
based
+load balancing. In this case normally any request which does not come with
+a session id counts as a new session. If you mark a mapping rule with
+the <b class="code">stateless</b> extension, then the requests matching the
mapping
+rule will not count as a new session, even if they do not come with a session
+id.
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ # Don't let static content trash our session balancing
+ /myapp/static/*=myworker;stateless=1
+</pre></div>
+This extension is available since version 1.2.33.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Extensions active/disabled/stopped"><strong>Extensions
active/disabled/stopped</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The extensions <b class="code">active</b>, <b class="code">disabled</b>, and
<b class="code">stopped</b>
+can be used in a load balancer mapping rule to set selected members
+of the load balancer into a special activation state.
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ # Stop forwarding only for member1 of loadbalancer
+ /myapp=myloadbalancer;stopped=member1
+</pre></div>
+Multiple members must be separated by commas or white space:
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ # Stop forwarding for member01 and member02 of loadbalancer
+ # Disable forwarding for member21 and member22 of loadbalancer
+ /myapp=myloadbalancer;stopped=member01,member02;disabled=member21,member22
+</pre></div>
+For the precise meaning of the activation states see the description of
+<a href="../../reference/workers.html#Advanced Worker
Directives">activation</a>.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Extension fail_on_status"><strong>Extension
fail_on_status</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The extension <b class="code">fail_on_status</b> can be used in any rule:
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ # Send 503 instead of 404 and 500,
+ # and if we get a 503 also set the worker to error
+ /myapp=myworker;fail_on_status=-404,-500,503
+</pre></div>
+Multiple status codes must be separated by commas.
+For the precise meaning of the attribute see the description of
+<a href="../../reference/workers.html#Advanced Worker
Directives">fail_on_status</a>.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Extension use_server_errors"><strong>Extension
use_server_errors</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The extension <b class="code">use_server_errors</b> allows to let the web
server
+send an error page, instead of the backend (e.g. Tomcat) error page.
+This is useful, if one wants to send customized error pages, but those are
+not part of all web applications. They can then be put onto the web server.
+</p>
+<p>
+The value of <b class="code">use_server_errors</b> is a positive number.
+Any request send to the backend, that returns with an http status
+code bigger or equal to <b class="code">use_server_errors</b>, will
+be answered to the client with the error page of the web server
+for this status code.
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ # Use web server error page for all errors
+ /myapp=myworker;use_server_errors=400
+ # Use web server error page only for technical errors
+ /myotherapp=myworker;use_server_errors=500
+</pre></div>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Extensions session_cookie and session_path"><strong>Extensions
session_cookie and
session_path</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The extensions <b class="code">session_cookie</b> and <b
class="code">session_path</b>
+allows to define the load balancer worker attributes of the same name
+per mount.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff"
face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Virtual host
integration"><strong>Virtual host
integration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="IIS"><strong>IIS</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+When using IIS you can restrict individual rules to special virtual hosts
+by prefixing the URI pattern with the virtual host information.
+The rules is that the url must be prefixed with the host name.
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ # Use www.foo.org as virtual host
+ /www.foo.org/myapp/*=myworker
+ # Use www.bar.org as virtual host
+ /www.bar.org/myapp/*=myworker
+ # Normal mapping
+ /mysecondapp/*=myworker
+</pre></div>
+</p>
+<p>
+Note that /mysecondapp/* will be mapped to all virtual hosts present.
+In case one needs to prevent the mappings to some particular virtual host then
+the exclusion rule must be used
+<div class="example"><pre>
+ # Make sure the myapp is accessible by all virtual hosts
+ /myapp/*=myworker
+ # Disable mapping myapp for www.foo.org virtual host
+ !/www.foo.org/myapp/*=myworker
+</pre></div>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td
bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a
name="Apache httpd"><strong>Apache
httpd</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+For Apache you can define individual uriworkermap files per virtual host.
+The directive JkMountFile can be used in the main server and in each virtual
host.
+If a virtual host does not use JkMountfile, but JkMountCopy is set to 'On',
+then it inherits the JkMountFile from the main server. If you want all vhost
to inherit
+mounts from the main server, you can set JkMountCopy to 'All' in the main
server.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff"
face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Dynamic reloading"><strong>Dynamic
reloading</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+When a request is being processed, tomcat connectors check the file
modification time
+of the uriworkermap file. To keep the performance penalty low, this happens
only,
+if the last check happened at least n seconds ago.
+</p>
+<p>
+For Apache you can configure the interval "n" using the directive
JkMountFileReload,
+for IIS you would use the attribute worker_mount_reload.
+The default value is 60 seconds. A value of "0" turns off the reloading.
+</p>
+<p>
+If the file changed, it gets reloaded completely. If there exist rules coming
+from other sources than the uriworkermap file (e.g. the workers.properties
mount
+attribute or JkMount with Apache httpd), the new uriworkermap file gets
dynamically
+merged with these ones exactly like when you do a web server restart.
+</p>
+<p>
+Until version 1.2.19 reloading behaved slightly differently: it continuously
added
+the full contents of the uriworkermap file to the rule mapping. The merging
rules
+were, that duplicated got eliminated and old rules could be disabled, by
defining the
+rule as disabled in the new file. Rules never got deleted.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff"
face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Status worker
integration"><strong>Status worker
integration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<br>
+<p>
+The configuration view of the status worker also shows the various mapping
rules.
+After each worker's configuration, the rules are listed, that forward to this
worker.
+The list contains four columns:
+<ul>
+<li>
+the name of the virtual server
+</li>
+<li>
+the URI pattern, prefixed with '-' for a disabled pattern and '!' for an
exclusion pattern
+</li>
+<li>
+the type of the rule: Exact or Wildchar
+</li>
+<li>
+and the source of the rule definition: 'worker definition' for the
workers.properties file (mount attribute),
+'JkMount' for Apache httpd JkMount and it's relatives and finally
'uriworkermap' for the uriworkermap file.
+</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+<p>
+<b>Note: </b>The following restriction has been removed starting with version
1.2.26.
+<br>
+For Apache httpd, there is an important subtlety: the request going to the
status worker
+gets executed in the context of some server (main or virtual). The status
worker will only show the
+mapping rules, that are defined for this server (main or virtual).
+<br>
+Until version 1.2.25 the list contained three columns:
+<ul>
+<li>
+the type of the rule: Exact or Wildchar, eventually prefixed with Disabled or
Unmount (for exclusion rules)
+</li>
+<li>
+the URI pattern
+</li>
+<li>
+and the source of the rule definition: 'worker definition' for the
workers.properties file (mount attribute),
+'JkMount' for Apache httpd JkMount and it's relatives and finally
'uriworkermap' for the uriworkermap file.
+</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td
colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td
colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+ Copyright © 1999-2012, Apache Software Foundation
+ </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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