We went over this a while back, and personally, not only am I not concerned
about exposing their api, but I prefer it.  Which is why we discussed both
options.

if they're changing the API of the profiler (they haven't yet), then there
would be an exceptionally good reason for it.  I don't expect this would
ever happen.  We don't need a premature layer of abstraction here.  If it
does, we can address it.



On Fri, Dec 12, 2025 at 9:23 AM David Capwell <[email protected]> wrote:

> > I am also not completely sure what you meant by "manager", what
> > manager? Is that some terminology from  your work or something we have
> > here? Genuinely asking what you mean by that, I am lost a bit here.
>
> Sorry, sleep deprived with a 3 month old atm… manager == side car… Side
> Car is adding async profiler to their API, there was a thread about it
> awhile back.
>
> > When it comes to API, we are not touching anything already there. We
> > expose this through brand new
> > org.apache.cassandra.profiler.AsyncProfilerMBean.
>
> Adding a new API isn’t a breaking change, but the point I made in the side
> car thread is that the “execute” function uses the same arguments that
> async profiler does, which could change for us over time as its a 3rd party
> API.  Exposing a 3rd party API puts us at risk as we normally support
> things for 10+ years so if they make a change than Cassandra also makes
> such a change… will we detect this? To us its just a string, so how would
> we know that this happened to protect our users?
>
>
> > On Dec 12, 2025, at 6:45 AM, Štefan Miklošovič <[email protected]>
> wrote:
> >
> > Hi Jon, answers below
> >
> > On Fri, Dec 12, 2025 at 2:19 AM Jon Haddad <[email protected]>
> wrote:
> >>
> >> +1 to including it, conceptually.  It's easily the best tool for
> diagnosing perf issues that I've used. I've got a few questions / thoughts
> about implementation details & user ergonomics.
> >>
> >> - Capturing call stacks in modern kernels require some params to be
> set.  Are we going to be able to check the requirements are met and give
> the user feedback?
> >
> > Indeed, we go to inform a user on two occasions. First, the check will
> > be executed in the context of Startup Checks "framework" we already
> > have in place in Cassandra, reading respective parameters from /proc
> > and a message will be logged if values of these parameters are not
> > "ideal". We do not go to fail the startup if they are not though. Just
> > a warning, because a user can always set it while Cassandra runs. No
> > need to _fail_ the startup.
> >
> > However, later on, if you go to profile via "nodetool profile start"
> > and these two are not set as they should be we will fail and inform a
> > user that they need to set them first.
> >
> >> - Profiling in containers is a little weird [1].  Same type of issue as
> my first point.
> >
> > I have run this in a container (Docker Compose) and I just did not
> > need to do anything. It just ... worked. I think this will be on a
> > user to ensure all is in place if anything special is needed.  We are
> > also not dealing with any "pids" here as profiling is running in JVM
> > via AsyncProfiler API. (2)
> >
> >> - Getting allocation profiles requires debug symbols.  More ergonomics.
> >
> > That is an old recommendation in the context of Cassandra 6.0 this
> > lands in, no? Which runs on 11+. They say "Prior to JDK 11" which does
> > not happen here.
> >
> >
> https://github.com/async-profiler/async-profiler/blob/master/docs/ProfilingModes.md#installing-debug-symbols
> >
> >> - The profiler moves a lot faster than we do.  Are we going to bump the
> async profiler in bug fix C* releases or are we freezing the version?
> >
> > I would update major versions of async profiler only in major versions
> > of Cassandra. Patch versions of AsyncProfiler might be updated within
> > patch versions of Cassandra. That makes the most sense to me.
> >
> > If you want to use something more recent without Cassandra providing
> > it first, you can basically do this and it should just work.
> >
> >> - Can I still attach using the asprof tool?  Will there be an issue if
> I attach a newer version of the profiler?
> >
> > As said, the fact whether we can profile in Cassandra via in-built
> > profiler is driven by a system property, defaults to false. When set
> > to false, that means the logic which would check kernel parameters or
> > which would instantiate the AsyncProfiler object (as shown in (2))
> > would not be exercised at all. Hence nothing "async-related" would be
> > instantiated in Cassandra etc. Then you can just take the async
> > profiler as you know it and run bin/asprof for Cassandra's PID as you
> > are used to. That also answers what happens if you use a newer version
> > - it would act the very same way.
> >
> >> - Are we relocating the jars, or does Corretto?
> >
> > The current patch does it in such a way that we are depending on
> > AsyncProfiler and it will be eventually included in release tarball.
> > So if you start Cassandra, that library will be on the class path
> > (even though until a system property is set to true which enables it,
> > it will not be possible to use it and it is not in any way
> > instantiated or initialized, it is also not possible to enable it in
> > runtime).
> >
> > (1)
> https://github.com/apache/cassandra/blob/1b6e538c98db4287795692b7df88aa4940c3a7af/doc/modules/cassandra/pages/managing/operating/async-profiler.adoc#using-a-different-async-profiler-version
> > (2)
> https://github.com/async-profiler/async-profiler/blob/master/docs/IntegratingAsyncProfiler.md#example-usage-with-the-api
> >
> >>
> >> Thanks!
> >> Jon
> >>
> >> [1]
> https://github.com/async-profiler/async-profiler/blob/master/docs/ProfilingInContainer.md
> >>
> >> On Thu, Dec 11, 2025 at 1:12 PM Josh McKenzie <[email protected]>
> wrote:
> >>>
> >>> If we expose whatever API the 3rd party has and they drift or break it
> in the future, we could introduce a shim that would keep prior ergonomics
> at that time w/sane defaults or graceful handling of removals.
> >>>
> >>> Think "manager" is referring to the sidecar here.
> >>>
> >>> On Thu, Dec 11, 2025, at 2:03 PM, Štefan Miklošovič wrote:
> >>>
> >>> Can you help me to understand what you mean by that? I have a feeling
> >>> I am missing something here or we are not on the same page.
> >>>
> >>> When it comes to API, we are not touching anything already there. We
> >>> expose this through brand new
> >>> org.apache.cassandra.profiler.AsyncProfilerMBean.
> >>>
> >>> So we are not really breaking anything here?
> >>>
> >>> I am also not completely sure what you meant by "manager", what
> >>> manager? Is that some terminology from  your work or something we have
> >>> here? Genuinely asking what you mean by that, I am lost a bit here.
> >>>
> >>> If you mean that "we start to call AsyncProfiler and then in later
> >>> versions these guys decide that they will change how it is called" I
> >>> do not think that is really an issue here, is it? A user does not deal
> >>> with that directly anyway at all, only via MBean and there will
> >>> presumably always be a way to start and stop profiling, that is
> >>> basically at the very core of what that library is doing, no?
> >>>
> >>> On Thu, Dec 11, 2025 at 7:03 PM David Capwell <[email protected]>
> wrote:
> >>>>
> >>>> If disabled, which is default,
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> I def won’t block on this, I just want us to think about these
> possible problems before we touch a public API; ill leave it to
> author(s)/reviewer(s).
> >>>>
> >>>> One thing that has been brought up in a different context is if we
> can make breaking changes to public facing APIs if the thing is disabled by
> default (debug tables is the example); I personally don’t have clarity here
> for the project so hard to say.
> >>>>
> >>>> TL;DR I am +0
> >>>>
> >>>> On Dec 11, 2025, at 3:30 AM, Štefan Miklošovič <
> [email protected]> wrote:
> >>>>
> >>>> Oh wow! Thanks Dmitry for all these references. I think that the fact
> >>>> Corretto includes that into JDK is the testament of the quality.
> >>>>
> >>>> David, I hope this answers your concerns pretty much?
> >>>>
> >>>> On Thu, Dec 11, 2025 at 12:27 PM Dmitry Konstantinov <
> [email protected]> wrote:
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> + 1 from my side
> >>>>
> >>>> 1) it is well known mature profiling tool, there are other cases when
> Apache projects embedded it, for example:
> >>>> - https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HADOOP-18055
> >>>> - https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HBASE-29045
> >>>> - https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/FLINK-33325
> >>>> 2) Apache-2.0 license
> >>>> 3) the dependency has a small size (less than 1Mb) and does not have
> transitive dependencies to other 3rd parties
> >>>> 4) the main contributors are now in Amazon, it is even included into
> Corretto JDK now (
> https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/whats-new/2025/10/amazon-corretto-october-2025-quarterly-updates/
> )
> >>>> 5) the logic is disabled by default, so no impact if you do not use
> it.
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> On Wed, 10 Dec 2025 at 18:08, Štefan Miklošovič <
> [email protected]> wrote:
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> This capability is disabled by default, it is driven by a system
> >>>> property you have to set to true in order to be able to get an
> >>>> instance of AsyncProfiler which does the actual profiling. If
> >>>> disabled, which is default, then any calls via nodetool which needs
> >>>> AsyncProfiler (start, stop, status) would return a message that
> >>>> profiling is not enabled.
> >>>>
> >>>> Not sure if this answers your concerns but without knowingly turning
> >>>> it on nothing happens.
> >>>>
> >>>> On Wed, Dec 10, 2025 at 6:28 PM David Capwell <[email protected]>
> wrote:
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> I have no issues adding it.  I think my only real comment would be
> the same as with manager; w/e we expose to the public api (in this case
> Nodetool) we have to support, so if a 3rd party lib breaks compatibility
> that puts us in a bind if we didn’t think about that up front.
> >>>>
> >>>> Having async-profiler exposed makes it easier to profile is a good
> thing.  Manager has (or is in the process of adding) API auth so we can
> lock down async-profiler to those “allowed” but do we have similar in
> Nodetool?  We had an issue in the past that async-profiler would trigger a
> JVM crash (JVM bug), so we had to limit calls to it until it was fixed.
> >>>>
> >>>> On Dec 10, 2025, at 9:00 AM, Štefan Miklošovič <
> [email protected]> wrote:
> >>>>
> >>>> Worth to mention that we were also contemplating about the inclusion
> >>>> of jfr-convert so a user can also convert raw JFR files to e.g. HTML
> >>>> with heatmaps but we evaluated that it is not necessary. Sure, it
> >>>> would be comfortable, but ultimately not needed. Conversion of such a
> >>>> file via nodetool, on server side, is just not a good idea, it is not
> >>>> a job of a server to convert anything.
> >>>>
> >>>> In majority of cases, people using the profiler just want to get a
> >>>> HTML with cpu / allocation profile, it can even gather JFR files as
> >>>> such and fetch it is, it is just that the conversion as such can
> >>>> happen on client's side instead.
> >>>>
> >>>> I am +1 for introducing the core async profiler library only.
> >>>>
> >>>> On Wed, Dec 10, 2025 at 5:46 PM Bernardo Botella
> >>>> <[email protected]> wrote:
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> Hi everyone!
> >>>>
> >>>> I’d like to propose adding the async-profiler library to the
> Cassandra project. This will enable us to add a new nodetool command to do
> profiling tasks on the process running Cassandra. This information can be
> useful to debug a wide range of potential issues and performance
> optimizations. CASSANDRA-20854 captures the effort and the details of the
> proposal, and this PR proposes its implementation.
> >>>>
> >>>> I want to note that this feature was already discussed in this
> thread, and this one only want to make sure that no one has any concerns
> about adding the library as a dependency.
> >>>>
> >>>> What is async-profiler?
> >>>> async-profiler is a low overhead sampling profiler for Java that does
> not suffer from the Safepoint bias problem. It features HotSpot-specific
> API to collect stack traces and to track memory allocations. The profiler
> works with OpenJDK and other Java runtimes based on the HotSpot JVM.
> >>>>
> >>>> Unlike traditional Java profilers, async-profiler monitors non-Java
> threads (e.g., GC and JIT compiler threads) and shows native and kernel
> frames in stack traces.
> >>>>
> >>>> What can be profiled:
> >>>>
> >>>> CPU time
> >>>> Allocations in Java Heap
> >>>> Native memory allocations and leaks
> >>>> Contended locks
> >>>> Hardware and software performance counters like cache misses, page
> faults, context switches
> >>>> and more.
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> We propose to add async-profiler 4.2 as a dependency to Cassandra.
> >>>>
> >>>> Any concerns?
> >>>> Bernardo
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> --
> >>>> Dmitry Konstantinov
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>
> >>>
>
>

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