OK, I got to the bottom of this (mostly). It has to do with $IFS. If
$IFS has an empty value instead of its default (`<space><tab><newline>'
per the bash manpage) then eval behaves incorrectly, as observed here.
You can try it with a quick shell script:

```
STARTUP="/usr/bin/echo foo"
IFS=
exec $STARTUP
```

result:

```
x.sh: line 4: /usr/bin/echo foo: No such file or directory
```

It turns out I messed up resetting IFS in my `.profile`, in a way that
was robust to further usage of the shell, but _not_ to saving and
restoring IFS. In particular, I used `unset IFS`, and when $IFS isn't
set the shell uses its default. However,

```
local OLDIFS="$IFS"
...
IFS="$OLDIFS"
```
then sets $IFS to the empty string, which doesn't work. It turns out, the 
Xsession scripts don't use IFS _unless_ im-config is installed.

So, this was an own-goal, which is why only I've run into it -- but a
difficult one to track down!

This bug can be closed.

-- 
You received this bug notification because you are a member of Desktop
Packages, which is subscribed to im-config in Ubuntu.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1879352

Title:
  /usr/bin/im-launch i3 fails

Status in i3-wm package in Ubuntu:
  Expired
Status in im-config package in Ubuntu:
  New

Bug description:
  Trying to run i3 in Focal Fossa, login fails.  The screen goes black
  briefly, then returns to the login screen.  I expect this is
  reproducible by just installing `i3`, selecting it on the settings in
  the login screen, and logging in.

  I see the following in the log:
  ```
  May 18 11:32:21 hopper /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[4733]: 
/etc/X11/Xsession.d/99x11-common_start: line 5: /usr/bin/im-launch i3: No such 
file or directory
  ```

  Editing that file to just run `/usr/bin/im-launch i3` works fine.  Is
  this some kind of shell quoting issue, where it's trying to execve
  that full string?

  I believe this is in the `x11-common` package:
  ```
  hopper ~ $ dpkg -S /etc/X11/Xsession.d/99x11-common_start 
  x11-common: /etc/X11/Xsession.d/99x11-common_start
  ```
  but Launchpad complains that such a thing does not exist.  Perhaps I 
misunderstand "package".

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