I have a desktop system with HDMI graphics on the motherboard and a graphics card. Here's the output from inxi -G:
Device-1: Intel Raptor Lake-S GT1 [UHD Graphics 770] driver: i915 v: kernel Device-2: NVIDIA GM107GL [Quadro K2200] driver: nouveau v: kernel It's running Debian 12.11 with kernel 6.1.140-1. If I connect the HDMI monitor before boot, it works. If I connect the HDMI monitor after the system is running, it doesn't work. I have a laptop that is perfectly happy to start using HDMI that is connected after boot. It has only integrated graphics: Device-1: Intel Skylake GT2 [HD Graphics 520] driver: i915 v: kernel Is there a magic incantation that can be used after boot to find and connect the HDMI monitor? Or is there a kernel parameter I can put into /etc/default/grub?