On Sat, Jun 07, 2025 at 06:14:55PM +0800, Bret Busby wrote:

> According to the Doppler theory (I believe it was - this is from some
> decades ago), if you would be travelling toward a set of traffic lights, at
> the speed of light,

You could not reach the speed of light

> and the traffic lights were red, the Doppler effect would cause them to
> appear green, and, so you could travel through them; and, if you hit
> anything, it would not matter, because, at the speed of light, you would have
> infinite mass,

as you would have a very large mass [ as you speed up your mass increases ]
thus needing huge energy to reach close to the speed of light.

The only way of travelling at the speed of light is to be a light beam in the
first place.

But yes: the Doppler effect would work. Astronomers see this a lot but the
other way round: green is seen as red - because distant objects are travelling
away from us; this is how they deduce that the universe is expanding:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redshift

> it is like the question of "the universe" - it is said to be constantly
> expanding and contracting - if that is correct, then, something must exist
> outside the border of "the universe". If that is correct, then, how can what
> we regard as "the universe", be regarded as a universe, when it is not all
> encompassing?

Not necessarily: if the universe bends back on itself (in a 4th spatial
dimension) then it does not have an edge, in the same way that the surface of a
balloon does not have an edge (the 2D surface is curved in the 3rd dimension):
pump more air into the balloon and the surface expands.

-- 
Alain Williams
Linux/GNU Consultant - Mail systems, Web sites, Networking, Programmer, IT 
Lecturer.
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